The heart-turning bottle that integrates various "strange tricks and ingenuity" can be called the "black technology" of Porcelain making in the Qianlong Dynasty. At the opening exhibition of the Ceramics Museum of the Palace Museum in Beijing recently, seven Qianlong transposing cylinders were exhibited, and their exquisite and complex appearance was amazing. One of the sky blue open light cut-out pastel turning bottles, up to 73 cm high, the whole body sky blue glaze for the ground, the outer bottle painted blue and white cockroach pattern, the bottle with pastel painting Western character scenery, gorgeous and abnormal.
Echoing the exhibition in the palace, recently, a Qingqianlong imperial foreign color carmine rolling road carved porcelain skeleton "There is a phoenix to yi, hundreds of birds and phoenixes" figure double ant ear big turning bottle debuted in Beijing Poly 2021 spring auction preview. This is a rare piece of folk collection, 63 centimeters high, second only to the sky blue open light hollow pastel heart bottle hidden in the Forbidden City, and the ornamentation is rich, meaning auspicious, it is speculated that Qianlong customized the birthday celebration ceremony for his mother's birthday.
Beijing Poly Auction 2021 Spring Auction Boutique Exhibition Beijing Station Site
Melt qianlong yangcai's stunt in one bottle
Xu Zhiheng recorded in the "Drinking Stream Zhai Porcelain": "The belly of the bottle is exquisite and clear, and there is a bottle in the bottle that can be rotated at the same time, if it is, the name is 'changing the heart', which is the special product of the inner house."
"It was high-tech at the time." Li Qianzhou, artistic director of Beijing Poly Auction China Antiques and Rare Play, introduced it to nandu reporters. "By the base of a movement in the inner tank bottle, it can be very smooth and the groove of the insole, and it is very simple and clever. You look at it so big and so heavy, in fact, a light push can go around like a marquee. ”
It is said that at the beginning of Qianlong's succession, he was very dissatisfied with the porcelain fired by Tang Ying and believed that it was far inferior to that of the Yongzheng period. He ordered Tang Ying to create new products, and even adopted the method of punishing Feng Lu, allowing him to hollow out his mind and rack his brains to design. As a result, the ingenious heart-turning bottle was born.
"The heart bottle is the original creation of the Qianlong Dynasty. It was born out of the bottle, and added a lot of scientific and technological components, a lot of mechanical and mechanical knowledge, is the product of the Qianlong prosperous world, the archives called 'Exquisite Rotating Device'. Li Qianzhou said.
Because the production difficulty and production cost of the heart bottle are very high, and it is almost impossible to reward it to the clan ministers, only as a decoration for important occasions in the palace, or as a royal play, so the amount is very small, and each piece is unique.
Qingqianlong Imperial Yangcai carmine rolling road carved porcelain skeleton "there is a phoenix to the instrument, birds and phoenixes" figure double ant ear large turning bottle Size: H63 "Qianlong year" model
The Qingqianlong Imperial Yangcai Carmine Rolling Road Carved Porcelain Hollow "There Is a Phoenix Comes to The Hundred Birds And The Phoenix" Picture Double Ant Ear Large Turning Heart Bottle with the carved porcelain phoenix pattern as the central theme, around the auspicious clouds, mountain stones, grasses, streams, and in the abdomen of various hollows, you can see the various types of "Flying Singing Accommodation" painted in the inner tank of the pairs of birds, the bottom drops a rare "Qianlong Year" alum red four-character model.
This product sets rolling road, magenta, fruit green, alum red, gold color, turquoise green glaze, carmine material color, blue material color, carved porcelain, hollowing, turning the heart and other processes, the picture is complex and not messy, the theme is "there is a phoenix to come to the instrument", from the bottle body to watch the inner tank rotation, there is also the meaning of "birds and phoenix", pervaded by flowers and birds, everywhere reveals the royal prestige, ingenious craftsmanship, beauty of the extreme.
"Its visual impact is very strong, and it can be said that it is a stunt of melting Qianlong Yangcai in one bottle." Li Qianzhou told Nandu reporters. "It's both painting and sculpture, and it's a combination of interior and exterior like a stage backdrop. Among the auspicious clouds carved in the outer bottle, there is a Dan phoenix, which is the meaning of the mother's world. According to this four-character style, we speculate that it should have been made between the 15th and 16th years of Qianlong, and the Qianlong Emperor specifically ordered Tang Ying to burn it for his mother's sixtieth birthday. It can also be seen from the details that the 'blessing descends from heaven' on the edge of the mouth, and the red bat is downward, which means blessing. The emerald green ground is a hexagonal well, which is a turtle uprooted, and the turtle is also a symbol of longevity. Further down are various auspicious ornaments such as the auspicious celebration of foreign colors. This large-scale carved porcelain body, with light, color and bold style, and the missionary's concept of oil painting is in line with the missionary's concept of oil painting, is a combination of Chinese and Western works. ”
According to Li, the bottle appeared 22 years ago in a Scottish aristocratic family in London, and has since participated in some very important exhibitions, including the "1662-1795: Exhibition of Three Emperors of the Qing Dynasty in China - Sheng Shi Hua Zhang" held by the Royal Academy of Art in London in 2005, which was exhibited with works from the Forbidden City and the British Museum in Beijing. He was also unveiled at the "First World Chinese Collection Exhibition" held by the Capital Museum in 2010.
In 2010, a Qingqianlong pastel cut-out "Jiqing Youyu" turning heart bottle sold for 550 million yuan at the Bambrich auction house in the United Kingdom, shocking the global collection community. Since then, the rotary bottle/set bottle has become the trump card in the porcelain auction. In 2018, the Qingqianlong Yang color translucency interlayer Linglong Zun was released for HK$169 million at sotheby's Autumn Auction in Hong Kong. In 2019, the Qingqianlong outer powder blue glaze inner blue and white hexagonal bottle was sold for 149.5 million yuan at the Poly Xiamen Spring Auction, and in the same year, the Qingqianlong Imperial Foreign Color Plus Gold Skeleton Sculpture Tuan Fang Pattern Kaiguang Inner Painting "Moon and Moon Annunciation" Double Dragon Ear Turning Heart Bottle was sold for 92 million yuan at the Poly Autumn Auction in Beijing. Li Qianzhou revealed that the valuation of the Qianlong Imperial Imperial Yangcai Carmine Rolling Road Carved Porcelain Hollow "There Are Phoenixes To Yi Hundred Birds And Phoenixes" figure double-eared large turning heart bottle is about 100 million yuan.
Tang Ying's previous peak work before he stepped down as a governor
Also eye-catching is a Qingqianlong antique bronze glaze gold relief "Chu Long Gong Fu" double ant ear bottle, from the collection of Lord Juluohe and Dai Runzhai in the British Fangshan. This is a variety created by the Inspector Tang Ying in the last two years of his life, and there is no such antique bronze color in the 57 glazes created by the Yongzheng Dynasty. Because Qianlong Mugu, very much like the pre-Qin ancient construction, this is the use of ceramic technology to imitate the innovation of bronze. ”
Qingqianlong Antique bronze glaze depicting gold relief "Chu Long Gong Fu" double ant ear bottle H: 37.5cm "Great Qing Qianlong Year" model
Bottle skimming, neck, flat round abdomen, shaped like a pre-Qin bronze pot. It is different from the general flat belly pot, and the neck is decorated with dragon ears. The whole body is applied with sauce glaze gold color, and on top of the antique copper rust furnace glaze is applied in the way of dot dyeing, the convex carving pattern is decorated with sauce glaze as the ground, painted with gold bat dragons, interspersed with ribbon ornamentation, the instrument design is unique, suspected to be an orphan product, there is no other example.
On the bottle, there are both ancient deformation dragons, two pairs of pairs, and Qing Dynasty habitual ornaments, such as Xiangrui Flying Bat and Ruyi Yuntou, which are available in ancient and modern times, pushing new and sourced. Antique bronze porcelain is mostly glazed with purple gold or tea leaves, decorated with sprinkled gold, or add basket color, rose red color, etc. to imitate patina, but the variety of glazed antique bronzes of this product is very rare. The pattern is nostalgic, chasing Yin G Zhou, for the elegance of the instrument. The bottom of this product is glazed with sauce and sprinkled with gold as an ornament, and the square mold in the middle of the "Qianlong Year of the Great Qing Dynasty" is a six-character three-line seal book.
"The visual effect of this work is very attractive, it is very gorgeous, although it is antique, but it has a sense of antique color, it is gorgeous and very interesting, and the gold and silver rust color, the texture of the metal is reflected in the porcelain." At the same time, it not only wins with a solid color glaze, but also has some carved factors, which shows the relief level of the dragon pattern very delicately and vividly. There is also that kind of milk nail pattern, like the bulge of a grain on the jade bi, which is also in the way of paste, which is very rounded and three-dimensional. It is a work of combining multiple techniques. Li Qianzhou said.
According to the "Qing Archives", "In the nineteenth year of Qianlong, Tang Ying entered the Text Of Wang Ding, bottle, and box", which marked the success of the trial firing of antique copper glaze in Jiangxi Royal Kiln Factory, realized Qianlong's idea of imitating ancient bronzes with ceramic pigments, and made it the last peak of porcelain making before Tang Ying stepped down as the inspector of the Imperial Kiln Factory.
In addition, the Qingqianlong ink green color "rich white head" double Xi Tu Lianto eight auspicious pattern large plate is huge, which is the largest example seen in the same kind of glaze color decorative works. The inside and outside of the plate are covered with ink color, and the green glaze is applied to it, and the walls of the plate are surrounded by flowers and decorated with eight auspicious patterns, and the travertine stones in the painting are exquisite, and there are two branches of flowers on it, and the branches are inclined with the wind. On the left, two rich white-headed men are depicted, one with its wings spread out and falling on top of the flower buds, trying to open its mouth and whistle, and the other is far away, trying to shake its wings. Among them, the painting level of travertine stone can be called the highest in Qianlong imperial porcelain. The bottom is glazed with white glaze, and the blue and white "Qianlong Year of the Great Qing Dynasty" six-character three-line seal book model is extremely noble.
Qingqianlong Ink Green Color "Rich White Head" Double Xi Tu Lianto Eight Auspicious Pattern Plate D: 47.8cm "Great Qing Qianlong Year System" model
Because the glaze color is easy to wear, it is speculated that this large plate was an ornament in the court at that time, or used to hold some scented bergamots, citrons and the like.
"This process is particularly difficult to master, and the technical control is very strong, which may also be a representative work of Tang Ying's final stage." Its black and green are very well combined, making the flower and bird ornamentation meticulous, and every line is very clear. The ornamentation should be a complete drawing of the court painter, so there are many details. Li Qianzhou said.
He believes that this work also illustrates the ancient and modern collection of Qianlong Dynasty porcelain. The contrast between black and green first appeared on some folk porcelain pillows in the northern kilns of the Tang and Song dynasties, which was very mysterious and decorative. And this large plate turned folk art into rich court art.
Kangxi's "Raptor Crossing the River" and Qianlong's "Rules and Regulations"
At the preview site, a qing Kangxi imperial glaze red double dragon play pearl blue and white colorful seawater river pattern vat can be described as imposing. The work is flattened and rounded, with a mouth and a sand bottom. Inside and outside the glaze, the outer pattern is decorated with glaze red painting two dragons, there is a tendency to overturn the river and the sea, the near bottom of the cylinder is painted with blue and white mountain stones, yellow and green painted seawater, glazed red fire beads as a foil, the picture is colorful, magnificent. It is a classic work of blue and white, glazed red and five-color painting.
Qing Kangxi Imperial Glaze Red Double Dragon Play Pearl Blue and White Colorful Seawater River Pattern Vat D: 42cm, H: 29cm
According to Li Qianzhou, similar works are only available in the Forbidden City and the National Museum in Beijing, but the two pieces are damaged, and this one is complete, from an important private collection in Florence, Italy.
Qingqianlong Glaze Red Kowloon Haunting Chart Moon Holding Bottle "Great Qing Qianlong Year" H: 26cm
In contrast, there is another North American ten-sided Lingbi Mountain Residence Old Collection QingQianlong Glaze Red Nine Dragon Figure Holding Moon Bottle. The bottle paints the theme of the Kowloon Map, the Kowloon shuttles through the auspicious clouds, churning above the rivers and seas, the eyes are shining, the five claws are divided, just in line with the Qianlong Royal Universe, the weather of the national strength. Compared with the Kangxi Dynasty's imperial glaze red double dragon play pearl blue and white multicolored seawater river pattern large tank, the style of this moon bottle is more convergent and more beautiful.
Li Qianzhou pointed out that the red craftsmanship in the blue and white glaze reached its peak during the Kangxi Period. "This cylinder is a blue and white glaze with red and multicolor, and it is a model in terms of craftsmanship. It is very imposing, the dragon is very fiercely drawn, and it has the feeling of a raptor crossing the river. The dragons of the Qianlong Dynasty are relatively patterned and crafted, and they look more regular. ”
Modern people see the many colorful and extremely elaborate porcelain left by the Qianlong Dynasty, and always laugh at the Qianlong Emperor's "farmhouse" aesthetic, which is not as simple and robust as the Kangxi Dynasty porcelain, nor the Erya elegance of the Yongzheng Dynasty porcelain.
However, from the Qianlong Imperial Poetry Manuscripts and the Qianlong Antique Paintings collected by the Forbidden City, it can be seen that Qianlong was actually a literati with profound learning. The firing of porcelain does not necessarily correspond to the personal will of the emperor.
Qingqianlong Yangcai Baroque vines and chrysanthemum flower pattern bowl
Qingqianlong Pink blue glaze bas-relief dragon pattern ribbon ear gourd Zun H-18cm "Great Qing Qianlong Year" model
Li Qianzhou told the Nandu reporter: "From the perspective of collection, Qianlong's personal favorite is the most elegant Song porcelain. Those he personally inscribed poems and engraved on porcelain were All Ru kilns, official kilns, and Ge kilns. Aesthetically, Qianlong favored jade-like, lightly glazed Song porcelain, and his positioning of Song porcelain was also the highest, and even wrote in the poem: "Song porcelain square is porcelain."
"But his foreign colored porcelain is innovation, which reflects the wealth and strength of the national strength and his contribution to the art of ceramics." In addition, some things are used for festive occasions, such as the Empress Dowager's Octogenarian Festival, his own Hall of Life, the space of the hall combined with utensils, the need for some colored, volume of things to be able to hold, really put a Song porcelain small washer, in this occasion to be annihilated. So he has a master plan for artifact scheduling according to different occasions. ”
It is reported that the 2021 Spring Art Auction of Beijing Poly Auction presented a total of more than 8,000 art treasures including Chinese paintings and calligraphy, ancient Chinese calligraphy and paintings, Chinese antique treasures, modern and contemporary art, jewelry and clock products, famous wine and tea, philatelic coins and letters, and more than 8,000 art treasures in nearly 40 special sessions.
The Antiques and Treasures section brings together a total of 17 special sessions, including various categories of utensils: the "Yugong" series led by "The King of Silk" and "Qianlong Yangcai Hundred Birds Chaofeng Great Heart Bottle", the "Palace Buddhist Art Night Show" headed by "Xuande Yong Ping'an Ode Gaozu Bowl", and the "Ten-Sided Lingbi Mountain Residence" Tibetan Porcelain Series; also includes many rare treasures such as guqin, furniture, and study rooms, which are auctioned in the spring. According to reports, the three plates of ceramics, silk and Buddha statues each have a heavy instrument with an estimated value of more than 100 million yuan.
After Hangzhou, Taiyuan, Xiamen, Shanghai, Lanzhou and Beijing, Beijing Poly Auction 2021 Spring Art Auction National Tour exhibition will continue to tour Shenzhen and Zhuhai, of which may 23-24 will be exhibited at the 71st Floor Yunsong Concert Hall, No. 1, Shenzhen Bay, Shenzhen, May 27-28 at Zhuhai Pengrui Zhu'ao Bay Center, and will be officially raised at the China World Trade Hotel in Beijing in early June.