Wen | Zhao Libo
Introduction: As the thirteenth emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yijun of the Ming Dynasty has been labeled as "the emperor who did not go to the dynasty for twenty-eight years" or the academic community mostly used "Ming Shi died in Wanli" as a coffin conclusion for his life. Since the history of the emperors of the Ming Dynasty is mostly written by the next generation of the Qing Dynasty, it is inevitable that there will be deviations from objective facts, and an extra layer of "colored glasses" will be added from the objective perspective of history. When the dust settles, it is necessary for future generations to respect history and restore historical facts to comprehensively "dust off" the ancients, so as to restore the original appearance of the ancients, of course, this is not an easy thing, but it will make people feel very happy and meaningful.
Xiao Wanli Zhu Yijun film and television image
Wan Li's life was as tortuous as a parabola, and at a very young age, he lost his father's love, grew up under the joint supervision of his teacher Zhang Juzheng and the eunuch Feng Bao, and from the age of ten, this well-behaved and clever boy became the titular emperor of the Ming Dynasty. In his political career of half a century (48 years), he has experienced at least three important stages, namely the stage of adolescent growth and the stage of young adult governance, as well as the stage of not seeing the minister in the middle and old age. Wanli decade (1582), Zhang Juzheng died, thus opening the prelude to Wanli officially taking charge of the Ming Dynasty, at this moment, the Economy of the Ming Dynasty gradually became the dominant position in the world economy at that time, foreign missionaries came to China, the wind of Western learning and Eastern gradually blew into the palace walls of Wanli, and even he had begun to use the Western chiming bell, which showed that his thinking was not as stubborn and backward as later said.
Portrait of the Wanli Emperor Zhu Yijun
In the eleventh year of the Wanli Calendar, the twenty-one-year-old Zhu Yijun officially became the master of the Ming Dynasty, and his youth was accompanied by flesh and blood and vigor. After initiating the liquidation of his teacher Zhang Juzheng, he resumed the tradition of "the code of summoning the right ministers" that had stopped for nearly a hundred years, which showed that he had a strong enterprising spirit of striving for excellence. On the fifth day of April of that year, Zhang Siwei, the first assistant of the cabinet, returned to his hometown to keep filial piety and submitted his resignation. Wanli approved this, so he appointed Shen Shixing as the first assistant of the cabinet, opening Wanli's smooth team.
In terms of employing people, Zhu Yijun was very bold, and he repeatedly rejected the proposals of his subordinates to employ people according to seniority. At that time, the officials planned to promote Zheng Luo to the position of assistant Jingying Rongzheng, and transferred Sun Guangyu, the governor of Sichuan, to Nanjing as the secretary of Dali Temple. The former, because of his many political achievements over the years, should logically belong to the category of promotion, while the reason for Sun Guangyu's promotion is that he has served for many years and should be promoted according to seniority.
Portrait of Shin Shi-hing
When Zhu Yijun received the song shu but did not think much of it, he found ShouFu Shen Shixing and expressed his views on the appointment and dismissal of this personnel: "(Zheng) Luo is in the border town, saving money and grain, is a good official, and he should be used on the side. Such as pushing him to the Beijing camp, put it idle. (Sun) Guangyu has not been in office for a long time, how to promote again? Shen Shixing replied: "Zheng Luo has been on the side for nine years and has worked hard for a long time. Sun Guangyu first served as Ying Tian's inspector for three years. The current governor of Sichuan has one year, and according to the custom and seniority, he should be appointed. Wan Li set the tone and said, "Since you have already played the report, you have already used it." In the future, where important matters are important everywhere, it is not necessary to take qualifications as a rule, but must be used as a substitute. "Records of the Myōjin Sect"
Shortly thereafter, the cabinet was summoned on the platform to discuss the government, and the focus was still on how to employ people in administration. Wan Li handed a copy of the recital to Shoufu Shen Shixing and said, "This Shanxi patrol is based on Yushi Shuye." Shen Shixing took over the recital and said while looking, "When the minister saw Dong Yushi yesterday, he could know about it." When Shen Shixing finished saying two, he couldn't come up with the last one. Zhu Yijun interjected: "The third is to say that the officials are also in charge. Shen Shixing hurriedly said, "Yes, the armament along the border should be excellent." Finally, it is suggested that officials such as Tongzhi and Tongjue along the border should be cautious in selecting, breaking through, and removing. Wan Li put forward a different opinion on this: "Otherwise, the side affairs are important, Fuzhen does not personally experience the localities, and the special commissioners are small officials, will they not make a mistake!" "Records of the Myōjin Sect"
Portrait of a Ming Dynasty official
On both occasions, Wanli's view is closer to reality, and this principle of selecting people, which focuses on ability, is undoubtedly much smarter than that of the cabinet. In addition, because the drought did not rain, the Wanli Emperor personally went to the southern suburbs to ask for rain, and after holding the ceremony, he said to the hundred officials: "Although the weather is in a drought, although it is not virtuous, it is also because there are corrupt and bad laws in the world, they have robbed the small people, and they are unwilling to love and support the people. He also warned the officials: "Keep the inspector's writing and every (we) know, and make sure that the order is to be followed in practice, and there is no falsehood." On the way back, Shen Shixing asked him to sit in a palanquin, and Zhu Yijun waved his hand to refuse, insisting on walking back. Twenty miles back and forth, did not feel tired, quite his sincerity "Records of the Myōjin Sect" Wanli thirteen years (1585), in view of the tight border defenses, the military department began to recommend the Military Attache of the DPRK as a general to strengthen the defense.
Portrait of the Wanli Emperor
Zhu Yijun, who was opposed to this personnel opinion, clearly pointed out: "It is very difficult to be a general, and it is not through the battle front, why should it be identified?" Therefore, he did not agree to recommend among the courtiers, but should be selected from the local governors, inspectors, and inspectors who had served for many years. All this shows that the Wanli Emperor's insight into the rule of officials and his pragmatic and transparent understanding of border defense are by no means comparable to mediocrity. After receiving groundless accusations from several officials and suspecting that he was "not from the emperor's judgment", these made him angry and said to Shen Shixing: "Now employing people, which one is not a degenerate proposition, the second principal is wanton, but it is not a dictatorship, it is arrogant. After seeing that the cabinet had set the punishment too lightly, the "History of Ming" said: "There is also a reason for the subordinates to do things. He didn't care about everything. When you are not young, how to say left and right reed drums! Sir every time the proposed too light, but also change the ticket to come! ”
Portrait of Wanli middle-aged man
One day three years later, after the feast, the cabinet officials got up and left when they were stopped by the eunuchs. After a while, the eunuch of the Ceremonial Supervisor took out the book "Zhenguan Politicians" and said to the courtiers: "The emperor asked the gentlemen, what kind of person is Wei Zheng?" In fact, this was already a definitive topic, and the cabinet minister was puzzled by this, and the representative of Shen Shixing replied: "Wei Zhengshi Is TooZong, can make up for the words and make up for the remains, and also the sages." Zhang Cheng then forwarded Wanli's views on Wei Zheng to Shen Shixing and others, saying: "Wei Zheng first served Li Mi, then followed Li Jiancheng, and finally followed Tang Taizong. ”
"The Three Great Signs of Wanli"
The cabinet ministers did not expect that the emperor was so "innovative" that they were caught off guard and were immediately stunned. From this, it can be seen that the Wanli Emperor was able to expound new views in his continuous study, and no one followed the clouds, so as to establish a new historical value orientation. After that, Wanli, after the situation of "deciding everything by dictatorship", played the famous "Three Great Marches of Wanli", all of which were important measures for Zhu Yijun to serve the government in his prime, unfortunately, "there is no beginning, there is an end" was finally verified in his body, although his body became more and more seriously ill, but his personality rebellion made him not see the minister of the DPRK, and eventually delayed many misjudgments in matters, and also left many "excuses" for future generations to criticize him.