Jian Jian (苻健), courtesy name Wenyu, was born in Yecheng (邺城, in present-day Linzhang County, Hebei Province), and his family had been the leader of the Ethnic Minority For generations. Jian Jian was a child of someone else's family since he was a child, and he was very intelligent, so he was very favored by the elders of the family, especially his grandfather Fu Hong.
Not only that, when jian jian was eight years old, he also took the initiative to ask his grandfather to ask a teacher to teach him to learn, which is really unimaginable, when many children still need to be forced to learn at an age, he consciously began to study on his own, which made his grandfather feel very surprised, readily agreed, he said: "We have never known only wine and meat, now you want to study, it is too good." Under the guidance of his family teacher, coupled with his very hard study, he quickly became familiar with the classics, stood out in the Former Qin court, and was praised by everyone. In the process of continuous study and accumulation, Jian Jian also set up a great ambition to help the people through the world and unify the world, which laid the groundwork for him to later claim that Wang unified the north.
In the chaotic era of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, his grandfather Fu Hong served successively in later Zhao and Eastern Jin, and was also a haojie of the times, and the Zhi family began to rise in that chaotic world. Later, Fu Jianzi's uncle Fu Jianzi inherited his father's business and continued to expand his territory in Guanzhong through his own efforts, and soon after he became emperor in Chang'an. Because of his meritorious assistance, Jian Jian's father was given the title of Chancellor of the East Sea, and Jian Jian naturally became a prince and nobleman, and took over his position after his father's death.
After the death of his uncle Fu Jian due to illness, fu Sheng, who succeeded to the throne, was a murderous lord who did not blink, and the ministers of the DPRK and China were trembling and trembling, like walking on thin ice, and Jian Jian took the opportunity to launch a coup d'état with the support of the ministers of the DPRK and the central government, and smoothly ascended to the throne.
However, Jian Jian knew that ascending to the throne did not mean happiness, and for an ambitious person, making achievements to achieve his ideals was his ultimate goal. At that time, the Guanzhong region, where Former Qin was located, was in social chaos, ethnic contradictions were prominent, and the people were not happy.
After Jian Jian succeeded to the throne, he exerted great efforts to govern and reused the Han Chinese Wang Meng, who first rectified the rule of officials and recruited talents; suppressed the strong and powerful, stopped foreign wars, reclaimed wasteland, developed mountains, and the people were given rest and recuperation.
With the efforts of Jian Jian, the social economy of Former Qin recovered rapidly, and the common people, after a long period of war and chaos after the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, regained the peaceful life of giving people enough at home, and the common people of Former Qin had a song saying: "Chang'an Avenue, Yang Huai is lush; get off the Chihua car, go to the Luan Phoenix; and gather talents to teach my people." ”
After consolidating the interior of Former Qin, Jian Jian began to send troops to conquest and take the neighboring countries Of Yan, Former Liang, Qiuchi, and Daiguo, reunifying northern China and forming a north-south confrontation with the Eastern Jin court.
However, the weather was unpredictable, and in 375 AD, Wang Meng, the most important assistant minister of Jian Jian, died, and Wang Meng said when he was dying: "Although the Jin Dynasty is now standing in the remote Jiangnan region, it inherits the orthodoxy. The most precious thing about the country now is to be close to people of good character and to be friendly with its neighbors. After the death of the subject, he hoped that there would be no plot against the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Xianbei and Qiangfu are our enemies and will eventually become scourges, and they should be removed for the benefit of the community. ”
At first, Jian Jian was able to listen to Wang Meng's last words and continue to concentrate on internal affairs, but it wasn't long before Jian Jian slowly moved his mind to annex the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Although many clans and ministers were opposed, because at this time, although the Eastern Jin Dynasty was on one side, but the upper and lower levels were united, it was indeed not a good time to attack the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but Jian Jian was still bent on going his own way.
In the early stages, Jian Jian tentatively attacked the Eastern Jin Dynasty in two ways, and after each had a victory or defeat, he recruited troops to attack the Eastern Jin Dynasty in a big way, but in Shuishui, he was defeated by the Beifu soldiers led by Xie Xuan, Liu Gaozhi and others with fewer victories and more victories, and Jian Jian fled back to Chang'an.
After the Battle of Shuishui, Jian Jian tried to save the defeat, but then the situation was as Wang Meng predicted, the xianbei, Qiang and other ethnic minorities who had previously submitted to the situation broke away from Former Qin's rule, Jian Jian could not control the situation, the north fell back into war, and Jian Jian was eventually killed by the Qiang leader Yao Cang, ending his life of great ups and downs.
Looking back on Jian Jian's life, he still had some great achievements during his reign, and his political achievements were also remarkable. He reused the Han Chinese, promoted Sinicization, actively studied advanced culture, and implemented a relatively tolerant ethnic policy, thus reunifying northern China.
He still has many advantages in him, such as the breadth of his mind, few emperors can match him; he is a very studious person, with a high level of education; he has ideals and ambitions, and the conquests of the northern countries have led to the destruction of the land of China, and Jian Jian has set the determination of "mixing six into one family and regarding YiDi as a pure son" from an early age, vowing to eliminate the hatred of all ethnic groups and let the people live a happy life.
However, he also has a flaw, that is, he is too benevolent and generous. For example, Wang Meng told Jian Jian to kill several brothers of the previous monarch Gong Sheng (the five marquises were not removed, and there were endless troubles in the future), but Jian Jian did not listen; because the clan Gong Luo was not satisfied with the reward and rebelled, Zhi Jian was able to pardon him and let him continue to sit on the side; did not listen to Wang Meng's persuasion, and raised tigers for the enemy generals Murong Chui and Yao Cang; after the former Liang monarch Zhang Tianxi was forced to surrender, he not only did not kill, but also gave him a good house to live. The good of Jian Jian does not distinguish between the enemy and the enemy, and it is obviously not a taboo for a qualified politician.
Secondly, Jian Jian was still too anxious, and in the early stage, with the assistance of Wang Meng, he was too smooth and smooth, and he was proud of his sudden victory, did not take Wang Meng's last words to heart, and was anxious to attack the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and finally the great cause of reunification fell short, which made people sigh!
Bai Yang, a well-known Writer from Taiwan, said: "In China's thousands of years of history, there are only five people who are qualified to be called emperors: Qin Shi Huang, Emperor Wu of Han, Former Qin Wang Jian, Tang Taizong Li Shimin, and Kangxi."
Jian Jian is an idealist, but also a tragic figure, hard work for decades, once back to the liberation, although he eventually failed, but his life is still remarkable, worthy of the affirmation of future generations!
The illustration originates from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author, which is invaded and deleted.