The Famous Library of the Ming Dynasty, Changshu Zhao's Pulse Museum, is located at No. 10, South Zhao Lane, Changshu City, and is a national cultural relics protection unit. Zhao also has an old mountain tower, and the ruins are located in Baoci Bridge outside the north gate of Changshu City. The Zhao family of literature began from Zhao Chengqian and went through Zhao Yongxian's father and son to Zhao Zongjian, which lasted for more than ten generations, which is very rare in Chinese history.
According to the "Famous Records" of the twelveth volume of the "Reconstruction of Changzhao Hezhi", there are many Zhao clans in changshu's first residence. Zhao Yongxian's house was originally in Chengjia Lane on the bank of the Wangxian Bridge in Changshu across the North Tang Bridge, which was named SongshiZhai for the old house of Linliu. In the thirty-second year of Ming Jiajing (1553), Wang Yu of Changshu County was the imperial plan to move the site of Changshu City west and expand the new city. As a result, Zhao Yongxian moved to Shuye Street, Xijing Bank, Jiuwanwei, west of the city, and later changed his name to Nanzhao Lane, or South Zhao Jia Lane. During the Wanli Dynasty, Zhao Yongxian also purchased the Qiu clan in the north of Changshu City as a villa, located in Zhenjiangmen Street, named Zhao's North Garden.
Zhao Yongxian house
Zhao Qimei's Maiwangguan is one of the earliest existing private library buildings in China, contemporaneous with Tianyi Pavilion, and is a precious living fossil of the ancient Chinese library, and is now a national cultural relics protection unit. Zhao Yongxian house originally had 3 groups of axes, and a group of existing central axis buildings, with a total of 3 buildings. The first entrance, 3 gate houses, the original "TanhuaDi" plaque, Zhao Yongxian grandson Zhao Shichun for Ming Chongzhen ten years (1637) to explore the flowers. The second entrance, 3 halls, formerly known as "Baoxian Hall", columns, beams and timber carvings, bucket arch paintings, and inner wall brick carvings, see through the architectural style of that year. The third entrance is the inner courtyard, 3 back halls, and suites on the left and right sides. This architectural system was the ming dynasty high-ranking house regulation for officials. On the east side of the second entrance hall, there are 3 existing library halls, which is the Pulse Lookout Hall, the front and back of the house are exposed, it is spacious and bright, and the landlord was here to collect books and read books. There was a lake in the original garden, a lake, a stone mountain and a small pond, which no longer exist.
This old house is indeed incomparable with modern high-rise buildings. However, the amazing secret book "Ancient and Modern Miscellaneous Dramas" is stored here. This book has been collected by Changshu Qian Qianyi, Qian Zeng, Zhao Zongjian, Ding Zuyin and many other bibliophiles, and is now in the National Library. Without this book, we would not be able to understand the whole picture of Yuanming miscellaneous dramas today.
Pulse Lookout Hall
According to his "Bibliography of Zhao Dingyu", Zhao Yongxian's collection of books is more than 3,000 kinds, and Zhao Yongxian's Collection of Books is as many as 5,000 kinds and more than 20,000 volumes, and 36 kinds of books and 126 volumes are engraved. After Zhao Qimei's death, all his books belonged to Qian Qianyi Daiyun Lou, which was found in qian Zeng' "Reading Minqiu" of the Qian clan's great-grandson. However, the descendants of the Zhao clan had the ability to carefully search for the Zhao clan's suicide notes, and the collection of books was gathered and scattered to the old mountain building of the Zhao clan. The records of the Zhao clan's Newspaper Cili House are found in the General Yishan House of Zhao Tonghui, the so-called "book of pictures filled with it", and Zhao Zongjian is even more stored in a large number of books, resulting in "the history of the gold stone map is very rich".
Zhao Zongjian's large collection of ancient books in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom period, when a large number of cultural relics were scattered, Changshu, Suzhou bibliophiles also scattered a lot, like the Qu's Tieqin Copper Sword Building such as the collection of books everyone also has losses, can only maintain the old collection and can not afford to add new, Zong Jian has its opportunity to collect, as well as calligraphy and paintings, ancient artifacts, has received Qu's Iron Qin Copper Sword Building, Suzhou Wang Shi Zhong Yiyun Bookstore and other scattered books, so its insertion is rich.
Zhao's old mountain building was once known as a "small collector" who did not show the secretary of the book. In fact, Zhao's old mountain building, like the library building of most bibliophiles in Changshu, is an open library building, and the owner spreads the collection by engraving books, providing reading and cataloging, etc. At the same time, due to the special hospitality of the landlord, coupled with the beautiful environment of the old mountain building, the old mountain building became a meeting place and cultural exchange center for scholars in Changshu and its surroundings at that time. Weng Tonggong and the literati around Changshu, such as Yang Yisun, Yang Sisun, Pang Zhonglu, Pang Hongshu, Wu Honglun, Qian Shuqing, Ji Shizhou, Li Shenglan, Zeng Bowei, Pan Luoren, Weng Tongyou, and the monks and medicine niches of Changshu Sanfeng Temple, talked about art and literature, read and appreciated paintings, etc. Every time Zhao's ancient books and paintings are always invited to come and read, the "Diary of Weng Tonggong" involves many books in the old mountain tower, and there are many calligraphy and paintings inscribed for Zhao in his poems.
Bibliography of the Old Mountain Tower
The rare secret books hidden by Zhao's small collectors should not be underestimated. Zhao Zongjian's "Bibliography of The Old Mountain Tower", one of the manuscripts is now stored in the Nanjing Library, and in December 1957, the Shanghai Classical Literature Publishing House had a typeset edition, with a total of 3 kinds of bibliographies, namely Zhao Zongjian's "Old Mountain Lou Bibliography", "Old Mountain Lou Collection Secretary" and Zong Jian's descendant's "Guangxu 26th Year Mid-October Supplement". The bibliography is roughly registered in the order of the collection of books, and the eight parts of the school A, B, C, D, E, He, Geng, and the "Nanmu Four Small Cabinets" (label, line, loyalty, and letter) are recorded, with a total of 647 kinds and 3990 volumes, of which about 100 kinds of Song and Yuan copied school copies. The Old Mountain Lou Collection Secretary describes in more detail the rare books it has collected, but only 16 kinds of books are written, which is an unfinished manuscript. There are 172 kinds of supplements and 657 volumes, of which 27 kinds of Song and Yuan manuscripts are copied.
The astonishing secret book of Zhao's old mountain building is found in the bibliography supplement: "Ancient and Modern Miscellaneous Dramas", Qing Chang Daoist School Copy Supplement, Half Yuan Ming Periodical, Huang Yaopu Long Title, Dong Xiangguang Title, Sixty-four Books." "This Zhao Qimei copied the schoolbook "Ancient and Modern Miscellaneous Dramas" of this vein lookout hall was once handed over by Qian Qianyi, Qian Zeng, Ji Zhenyi, He Huang, Huang Pilie, and Wang Shizhong, and the Wang's book was collected for the old mountain tower after it was scattered. The Old Mountain Tower also contains the Song periodical "Jiaxuan Ci" Ding Ji, the Song magazine "Dou Clan Lianzhu Collection", the Southern Song Dynasty Pavilion Ink Book "Records of Emperor Taizong", Sima Wengong's draft of "Zizhi Tongjian", Zhu Zi's draft of "University Chapters and Sentences", Huang Shizhai's unpublished manuscript, Xu Xiake's handwritten travelogue and poem manuscript, Qian Zunwang's self-written book catalog, Qian Muzhai's diary manuscript, and "Miscellaneous Notes of Hongdou Mountain Villa", all of which are rare secret books.
Maiwangguan Manuscript "Ancient and Modern Miscellaneous Dramas"
As the Supplement to zhao's bibliography states: "The most regrettable thing is that Shi Zhai has not engraved manuscripts, Muzhai essay diaries, etc., which are especially rarer than the Song and Yuan ben. The seals of the "Zhao Old Mountain Building" are: "Zhao Clan Secret Book" Zhu Changfang, "Old Mountain Building Robber Xu" Zhu Fang, "Zhao Ci GongYin" Bai Fang, "Haiyu Zhao Zongjian's Seal of Golden Stone Calligraphy and Painting" Zhu Fang, "Staying in the Mountain Tower" Zhu Fang, "Hengquan Zhao Clan Staying in the Mountain Building", "Zhao Bao", "Non-Former Resident" Bai Fang'er and Zhu Fang, "Zhao" Zhu Fang, "Non-Former Treasure Secret" Zhu Fang, "Non-Past Eyes" Bai Fang, "Non-Former Yuan Reward" Zhu Fang, "Zhao Zongjian" Zhu Fang, "Zhao Family Collection" Bai Fang, "Old Mountain Lou Zhao Zhang"" He has worked in zhu fang in the old mountain building, Zhu Fang in the "secret book of the old mountain building", "old mountain building treasure", "Zhao Cigong True Reward" Zhu Fang, "second marquis's collection" Zhu Dafang, "old mountain building secret book", "Zong jian private seal", "old mountain building" Zhu Fang and Zhu Changfang, "Zhao clan secret book", "second marquis reading secretary", "Kaiqingtang Zhao" obtained by the second marquis after Gengshen, as well as the seal of the descendants of the Zhao family "Zhao Shiquan seal" Bai Fang, "Zhao Bu Qianyin" Bai Fang, "Zhao Yin Bu Qian", "All Thousand Treasures", "Tie Ruyi Zhai" Zhu Fang, etc.
From the Maiwangguan to the Old Mountain Tower, the Zhao family showed the spirit of Changshu bibliophiles inheriting traditional culture, nurturing generations of readers, and making the seeds of reading continue to persist. In the history of private book collection in Changshu and even in ancient China, the Zhao clan occupied a place, and its influence on future generations of bibliophiles was also very far-reaching.
【Source: Learning to Strengthen the Country】
Disclaimer: The copyright of this article belongs to the original author, if there is an error in the source or infringement of your legitimate rights and interests, you can contact us through the mailbox, we will deal with it in a timely manner. Email address: [email protected]