A few days ago, the Ministry of Education released the "Bright Action Work Plan for the Prevention and Control of Myopia in Children and Adolescents (2021-2025)". According to reports, the overall myopia rate of children and adolescents in 2019 was 50.2%, down 3.4 percentage points from 2018; affected by the epidemic, the overall myopia rate of children and adolescents in 2020 increased slightly compared with 2019, but it still decreased compared with 2018. What is the current state of vision of elementary school students in the island city? The reporter conducted an investigation among the small reporters of the Evening News, and nearly 70% of the "small glasses" were formed during the primary school.
Statistics The proportion of myopia is more than half
The "Evening News Small Reporter Myopia Prevention and Control Survey" shows that 91.18% of small reporters will seriously do eye exercises every day, and 88.24% of small reporters learn to have sufficient light. 55.88% of small reporters use electronic products and watch TV for less than one hour every day, and 29.41% of small reporters only use electronic products and watch TV on weekends. Among the small reporters who participated in the survey, 55.88% were generally myopic, 32.35% were not short-sighted, and 8.82% were astigmatism and 2.94% were highly myopic. Among them, 67.65% of myopic small reporters were formed during primary school, 14.71% were before elementary school, 11.76% were in junior high school, and 5.88% were in high school. After myopia, 70.59% of young reporters preferred to wear glasses, 14.71% preferred dietary therapy, 11.76% preferred equipment treatment, and 2.94% preferred drug treatment.
For the causes of myopia, 38.24% of small reporters prefer to use their eyes to be bad, and 20.59% prefer to watch TV and use electronic products frequently, congenital genetics and study books for a long time.
Factors Lack of sleep with excessive eyes
Does a significant loss of vision have an impact on learning? 47.06% of small reporters think that there is an impact but not too much, 35.29% think the impact is very large, 14.71% think it has no impact, and 2.94% think the impact is small. After putting on the glasses, 64.71% of the young reporters chose to have the greatest impact on sports, 17.65% chose to have the greatest impact on life, 14.71% chose to have the greatest impact on appearance, and 2.94% chose to have the greatest impact on learning. 38.24% of small reporters have deepened their myopia year by year but are not obvious, 35.29% have basically not deepened, and 26.47% have deepened significantly.
Among the choices of places with glasses, 76.47% of small reporters chose hospitals, and 11.76% chose designer optical stores and ordinary optical stores. 55.88% of small reporters test the light once in less than half a year, 41.18% check the light once a year, and only 2.94% check the light once a year.
Among the multiple-choice questions affecting the factors of vision, 47.06% of small reporters chose to lack sleep, 29.41% of small reporters who chose to use electronic devices for a long time, lie down to read books or read books for a long time, 17.65% of small reporters revealed that learning and mental pressure were larger, and 14.71% of small reporters would read books in dim light or strong light. In addition, 29.41% of small reporters basically do not have the above situation.
Which kinds of solutions for preventing and correcting vision do young reporters think are more appropriate? The top three are 79.41% of small journalists recommend scientific guidance and systematic training programs, 67.65% recommend suitable glasses, and 29.41% recommend orthokeratology lenses.
55.88% of the eyes of small reporters were not deformed due to wearing glasses, and 38.24% said that they were slightly deformed. Among the multiple-choice questions on the effective method of preventing myopia, 100% of small reporters choose to do more outdoor activities, choose to develop a good sitting posture and look at the distance after reading books for a long time, and 82.35% do not watch TV for a long time and use electronic products. In addition, it is also better to do eye exercises every day, pay attention to eye hygiene, and eat more foods containing vitamin A.
Support the eye care small method to learn
In the interview, what are the specific ways for young reporters to prevent myopia?
"Reduce the time spent using electronic products, pay attention to distance and wear anti-blue light glasses when using them, I only use electronic products every weekend. Prince Qiao of Qingdao Qiyuan School said that outdoor activities for one hour after school every day are also important. Du Haorun of Daming Road Primary School also suggested doing more outdoor activities. Li Bingheng of Qingdao 53 Primary and Secondary School recommends eye massage, distant vision, regular inspection of vision, reduction of the use of electronic devices, maintenance of correct reading and writing posture, and more outdoor exercise. Wang Xinze of Wenden Road Primary School believes that it is possible to wear a therapeutic instrument for treatment and reverse shooting training.
Some small reporters consulted professionals on the prevention of myopia, and the advice of ophthalmologists is that in addition to eye hygiene and eye habits, the most important thing is to ensure two hours of outdoor activities every day, basking in the sun, seeing the sun is very important, and reading and learning is also done in natural light as much as possible.
After myopia, what methods have young journalists taken to control the degree, and which of them are feasible?
"Because of the timely discovery, my eyes are about 125 °, but the eye axis is long, my mother took me to the hospital with a orthokeratology mirror, which is currently worn for almost five months, and my vision is recovering well." There are also many students around with orthokeratology glasses, but the effect is not ideal, mainly because the degree is high, correction also takes time, and with the change of degree, it also needs to be replaced with a new lens. Early detection and early treatment, correct wearing is very important. "A small reporter recommended orthokeratology.
"I have a tendency to be a little short-sighted, do eye exercises every day, go outdoors more, the most important thing is to use electronic products for no more than 20 minutes, write homework light, sit in a correct posture." There are also small reporters who suggest that after myopia, it is necessary to reduce the time spent with the eyes, especially the continuous eye time, 40 minutes is the limit time of continuous use of the eyes.
■ Read a little deeper
Teaching using electronic products does not exceed 30% of the total teaching time
Recently, the Ministry of Education has formulated the key work of comprehensive prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents in 2021, and promoted and supervised schools, medical and health institutions, families, and society to strengthen the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents and other aspects of 67 key tasks. The main contents include: guiding local education administrative departments to supervise and ensure the improvement of teaching facilities and conditions, encouraging the procurement of adjustable desks and chairs and sitting orators that meet the standards, providing students with a learning environment that meets the requirements of eye hygiene, strictly following the construction standards of ordinary primary and secondary schools and secondary vocational schools, implementing lighting and lighting requirements such as classrooms, dormitories, libraries (reading rooms), and using lighting equipment conducive to vision health. Accelerate the elimination of the phenomenon of "large class sizes". The school classroom lighting hygiene standard compliance rate is 100%. Guide the local education administrative departments to supervise and ensure that primary and secondary schools strictly organize all students to do eye health exercises once a day in the morning and afternoon.
Guide local education administrative departments to supervise and ensure that all types of schools at all levels guide students to use electronic products scientifically and standardize, and develop good learning and eye hygiene habits in the information environment. It is strictly forbidden for students to bring personal mobile phones, tablets and other electronic products into the classroom, and those brought into the school should be kept in a unified manner. School education in line with the principle of rational use of electronic products on demand, teaching and assignment of homework does not rely on electronic products, the use of electronic products to carry out teaching time in principle does not exceed 30% of the total teaching time, in principle, the use of paper homework. Guide local education administrative departments to supervise and ensure that primary schools receive electronic files of children's and adolescents' vision health transferred from medical and health institutions, ensuring that one person and one file are transferred in real time with changes in school status. Strictly implement the student health examination system and the vision monitoring system twice a semester, and the school promptly records the vision monitoring results into the electronic file of children's and adolescents' vision health.
In addition, the Ministry of Education will hold local governments and schools accountable for the decline in the physical health of children and adolescents for three consecutive years in accordance with laws and regulations. Incorporate vision health into quality education, and include children's and adolescents' physical and mental health and schoolwork burden into the national compulsory education quality monitoring and evaluation system. Demonstrate the promotion of new classes of slow-down eye axis development lamps. Guanhai News/Qingdao Evening News Chief Reporter Zhang Yixin
Author: Zhang Yixin
Source: Qingdao Evening News