"The Biography of the Painter" ~ 318th article
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > Shangguan Zhou's "Late Laughing Hall Zhuzhuang Painting Biography" is a very important painting spectrum in the early Qing Dynasty. Huang Shen was his disciple</h1>
Text/Lu Xiuhui
Shangguan Zhou (1665-1752), originally known as Shi Xian, later changed his name to Zhou, Zi Wen Zuo, Zhu Zhuang, Fujian Changting Nanshan Guanfang people.
Shangguan Zhou is a famous painter in the Qing Dynasty, he has been intelligent since childhood, diligent in art, knowledgeable, good at poetry, calligraphy, seal carving, especially good at painting, is a famous folk painter in the Qing Dynasty, lifelong cloth cloth. Born into a peasant family in Guanfang, Nanshan, Changting.
When Shangguan Zhou became an adult, he was appreciated by Li Shihong. Li Shihong was a famous poet and connoisseur from Tingzhou, and after Kangxi resigned his official post and returned to his hometown in 1679, he spared no effort to support Hou Xue, and Shangguan Zhou was particularly appreciated by him and made a friendship with him. Under his careful guidance, Shangguan Zhou read, created, and copied the authentic works of all generations. Li Shihong wrote in the "Inscription Official Wen Zuo Painting Guan Stele Atlas": "Wen Zuo was initially named Shi Xian, and later changed his name to Zhou. Nearly from Yan in the Gong Tai shou Dong Gu Su, although young to want - shi wizard also. In July, The second son looked forward to a certain record, and the old could not be a small kai, and ordered the second son Han Yuan to write behind the frame. Yan Zaigong was Yan Yiming, who served as the prefect of Tingzhou from the 20th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1681) to the 33rd year (1694), and Li Shihong twice prefaced his 50th and 60th birthdays. After Yan Yiming stepped down as Wumen, they still maintained correspondence. Shangguan Zhou's "Heavy Over the Irrigation of the Hall of Sorrow":
The water in the main hall is clear, and the breeze is phoenix and the phoenix is connected to Gao Lin.
Ding Yi color old article in, a few battles of light cold road deep.
Invite Jiang Hanyue to Jingjing and write it to the heart of Dong Ting.
Spring is full of peach blossoms, and there are acquaintances in heaven and on earth.
In 1694, the year Yan Yiming left his post as prefect of Tingzhou, he followed Him to Gusu with Shangguan Zhou. Li Shihong, Chen Gongyin, Shi Chenghu, Zha Shenxing, Yang Yuwei, Wen Xu, Deng Biao, and Su Er all had direct contacts with Shangguan Zhou to varying degrees. Shangguan Zhou, along with Hua Yan and Huang Shen, was called the "Three Great Men of Western Fujian", and Huang Shen, one of the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou", was his disciple.
Huang Shen liked to draw since he was a child, and he worshiped Shangguan Zhou as a teacher and respectfully followed him to learn painting. Huang Shen studied very hard and seriously, and he drew how the teacher talked. Once, a painter from abroad came to see the painting. The family produced several scrolls of figure paintings for guests to observe. The guest unfolded a look and said in unison, "Isn't this the work of Mr. Shangguan Zhou?" We want to see Huang Shen's paintings. The family quickly said: "This is Huang Shen's painting, not the work of Mr. Shangguan Zhou." When he saw that the guests did not believe it, he went inside and pulled out a few scrolls of paintings and said, "This is Mr. Shangguan Zhou's painting." The guests put the works of the two together, compared and compared, only to feel that the techniques were similar, the styles were similar, and they really couldn't tell which was painted by Shangguan Zhou and which was painted by Huang Shen, and they couldn't help but marvel.
Shangguan was born on Monday and traveled in all directions, and after middle age, he mainly traveled back and forth between Lingnan and Mindi to make travels and paintings. When he was about fifty years old, inspired by his friends in Lingnan, he began to "write mechanics as poetry", and Deng Biao, a friend of Shunde in Guangdong province of Shangguan Zhou, wrote in the "Evening Laughter Hall Zhuzhuang Poetry Collection": "When Mr. Chen Duzhi first entered Guangdong, his ancestors in my hometown Fell at first sight and tasted the title "Bamboo Village Self-Painted Xingle Map". Poetry Cloud:
It is difficult to see the ancient empty words, and the autobiography of the God Son of Feng in the painting.
If painting is longer than everyone, although people are 100 years old, they paint for a thousand years.
Jiaguo Minxiang and Yuexiang, full of lychee incense.
Over the years, it has been frequently given, and it may not be that the mountain people have tasted it alone.
In his later years, Shangguan Zhouzhong often had contacts with the "Yellow Crown of Feather Clothes" in Lingnan, and had the deepest friendship with the famous monk Cheng Vulture Master, who had the greatest influence on him and was one of the most important friends of Shangguan Zhou in his later years. Cheng Vulture Panyu people, from the family of scholars and eunuchs. In the year 41, from the west of the master came to the illusion that is, the stone cave monk was shaved. He is the disciple of Master Shan Shan. He was friends with Tao Huan, He Dai and other Southern Ming anti-Qing zhishi. Singing with Qu Dajun and Liang Peilan, the Cantonese sergeant people traveled from it. He has presided over Macau Puji Temple, Zhaoqing Qingyun Temple, Guangzhou Datong Temple, and finally Datong Temple. He is a man of great grace, and the poetry is also very strong and painful, and he has carved and decorated, which is quite similar to Zhuangzi. He was proficient in Buddhism and scriptures, and had a charismatic and influential influence in the Lingnan Buddhist Monastery and the literary circles at that time. At this time, it was also the key years of Shangguan Zhou's "mechanics for poetry", he was deeply appreciated by the 29-year-old Cheng Vulture, who was in agreement with each other and became a year-old friend. Shangguan Zhou's "HuiYi Dou Shan Ren Yu Mianxi":
Happy to talk about Guangling Spring, here and here Furong two places spring.
It is easy to be proud of the time, and it is not to worry about poverty when the heart is good.
Yellow flowers bloom with good friends, and when the liquor is poured, the old relatives are read.
It is like a virgin in Yun'an, and his blue eyes are double-scorched.
In the early days of the Kangxi Dynasty, due to the Qing government's adjustment of policies and the reuse of Han Chinese, the country became increasingly stable in the political, ideological, and economic fields, and the Kangxi Emperor Xuanye, after quelling the "Rebellion of the Three Domains," fully realized that it was necessary to take the resolution of the Manchu-Han contradictions as the primary task of governing the country at that time, and inspect the river defense in order to understand the people's conditions. In particular, in order to calm the anti-Qing sentiment of the people in the Jiangnan area, it won the support of the Jiangnan Shidaifu class for the Qing government. Kangxi decided to inspect the south. Between the 23rd year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1684) and the 24th year of the 46th year (1707), he made six southern tours. The Kangxi Southern Tour is a detailed and true depiction of the kangxi emperor's second southern tour. In the Qing Dynasty court paintings, it can be called a huge work, and the original painting consists of twelve huge volumes. Each volume is 67.8 cm in length and about 1380 cm in width. The painters involved in the painting were summoned by Wang Yi, most of whom were disciples or friends of Wang Yi.
The Qing court thus began to recruit painters to serve the Qing court. In the fifty-sixth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Shangguan Zhou received an edict and was also conscripted, and he would go to the capital to serve in the court, and Cheng Vulture wrote a poem to retain it, strongly discouraging it, and advising Shangguan Zhou not to waste his talents in the court. Wrote "Sending Shangguan Zhuzhuang Fenghuan to Beijing":
Yesterday, ziwei was enlisted, and the west wind blew through the lotus clothes.
The heart of the broken qin city is both far away, and the wish of the de-ying bag is not broken.
Skill in Dan lead chat Fu'er, Dao Cun majestic want to faintly.
The red face is easy to be the old Nagato woman, and she has to enter Zhaoyang to win the cover.
Occasionally, Yu Jishi Danqing, the inner edict was passed on to paint the royal screen.
Repent of not having planned for the sake of throwing pens, so that there is a destruction of the Tea Sutra today.
The final south shortcut Is the same track, and the Yanbei lead knife is good.
Practice diligently and exhort, where the wind and clouds do not ascend.
Shangguan Zhou heeded Cheng Vulture's advice and refused the Qing court's conscription. At this time, he had lived in Lingnan for a long time, and he missed Tingzhou more and more, so he had the intention of buying a house and returning. In the winter of the fifty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1719), Shangguan Zhou was homesick and returned to his hometown. Before leaving, Cheng Vulture wrote a small preface to "Sending To The Official Bamboo Village":
Zhuzhuang Bei Min entered Guangdong, as a guest for several years, thinking about returning day and night, pen and ink time to paint "Yancun Xingle Map", Yu Gui Xingye. To see and reward, to give a long song to strengthen his ambition, to find and hinder the world's fate and fruit. Years ago, neizhao went to Beijing, and resigned, until Haoran had the ambition to return. He has been in winter, huan costume is still inside, this tobacco village is happy to cut the time also. Its line also, poetry to send it. Poetry Cloud:
Yancun Xingle painted the people, returned to the Fang Governor's real thing.
Several years of bamboo village thousands of dreams, eight Fujian scenery once a dynasty.
I also remember the road when I came, and it is better to learn the Tao than to grow old.
Cherish the poetry bag and paintbrush, Mo taught Yu Skills to move the wind.
In October of the fifty-sixth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1717), two years after Zha Shenxing resigned from the government due to illness, Tong Tao'an, a friend who had worked in the South Study Andian and was then the inspector of Guangdong, invited him to go south to Lingnan to play. Zha Shenxing departed from Haining to Guangzhou and stayed in Guangzhou for about two months. During this period, he became friends with Shangguan Zhou. In February of the following year (1718), Zha Shenxing set out from Guangzhou and returned to Haining via Guangxi. During his stay in Guangdong, Shangguan Zhou accompanied Zha Shenxing on a tour of Guangdong's scenic spots, and also carefully created for him "Qingshan Guizhuo Map" and "Chachu Baifu Dai Kasa Map" and other chart axes. Zha Shenxing's "Map of Luofu Mountain in Shangguan Zhuzhuang":
There are ten continents overseas in Daying, and the giant bird does not go to the dragon hook.
He Nian carried Peng Island to the end, and the two mountains became Luofu.
Qi Feng 332, one by one is easy to search poorly.
In his eyes, he was a curious person, and the Shangguan Mountain man was now a tiger.
The mountain people want to portray the mountain, and go straight up to Cui Song to take the navigation material.
Zhu Minggu Cave is the first stage, and the best place can really take its point.
Returning to paint a papier-mâché, Vientiane ingested Manichaean beads.
The green haired phoenix hangs a bun, and the five-color butterfly transforms the immortal Confucianism.
Our gods did not swim enough, and a banner was displayed for the inscription poem.
Zheng Yuan was not in the mountain, and he knew the true face of Luo Fu.
Shangguan Zhou said when reviewing his travel career: "Carrying three inches of pipe to make a living in the four directions, tasting the thin tour of Qiantang and Pan west Lake; from Jiaxing to Wumen to Baixia; involved in Jiuhua; Wangjingkou to the north of Gugu, surfing up the Jinshan Mountain; tracing Peng Li to Kuanglu, coming to the eastern Guangdong number four." "Shangguan Zhou traveled extensively in Lingnan and stayed the longest. Friends or former dynasty remnants, or poetry bards. There are local literati rioters, feathered yellow crowns, and Cantonese celebrities from other provinces. He and they have both brotherhood of the same generation, "friends of needle mustard" for forty years, and forgetting to make friends with the late generation. Lingnan's decades of social travel have had a major impact on Shangguan Zhou's life and artistic style. At the same time, his painting style also influenced the development of painting in Guangdong in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. Shangguan Zhou "Bamboo Village Autumn Moon":
At the beginning of March, I saw the moon and thought about it.
The golden wind grinned, where are the maple leaves?
The picture is like a picture, quite like a meta-idiot.
The breeze blows the pond and the waves ripple.
Road dogs bark at pedestrians, tree birds sing high branches.
Isn't it pleasant? When it is not fun.
Empty thanks to public wine, Xu Yin Gaoshi poems.
Disco was hard to see, and he laughed at himself.
Xiong wei Lin Gongwen, good gold stone seal carving. In the spring of the seventeenth year of Qianlong (1752), Xiong Weilin was invited by zeng Yueying, the prefect of Tingzhou, to give lectures at the Longshan Academy in Tingzhou and participated in the compilation of the "Chronicle of Tingzhou Fu", during which he visited the old man of Shangguan Zhou. In his poems, he compares the old man of Shangguan with Xu Zhi and Zheng Pu of the Han Dynasty, two gaoshi sages, and although Shangguan Zhou is old. But the spirit is still good, can still paint and chant, and has a strong breeze and ancient atmosphere. It was the year that Shangguan Zhou was eighty-eight years old. Xiong Weilin has a poem "Yinjiang Di Second Visit to the Old Man of Shangguan Zhuzhuang", poem Yun:
Did not know Xu Gaoshi, long pregnant Zheng Zizhen.
Pine deep scales since old age, crane thin bones and the spirit.
A large pen blows vitality, and the heart is entrusted to the ancients.
I want to come to the cloud to sleep late, drink alone drunk flowers.
At the age of 79, Shangguan Zhou completed the heirloom work "Evening Laughing Hall Painting Biography", and later "Taige Wind Sound Map". Shangguan Zhou is the author of the "Evening Laughter Hall Poetry Collection", which is said to be his poetry in the painting, painting in the painting. In the poem, it can not only create a heroic mood, but also be able to express the hardships and dangers of the world. In his life, he did not seek to be heard, did not attach to the magnates, and clothed all his life, and handed over to all the famous people of the world. In the poem, the scenery is lyrical and the poetry is spoken.
Shangguan Zhou was a famous landscape and figure painter in the early Qing Dynasty, whose figure paintings had a great influence, and his figure brushwork was elegant and unique. In particular, the line drawing character painting "Evening Laughing Hall Bamboo Village Painting Biography", published in his later years, has been widely circulated at home and abroad for more than two hundred years since its publication in 1743, and has become a classic model for learning figure painting.
Lu Xiuhui has a "Song for Shangguan Zhou Zhuzhuang", a poem yun:
Drifting zero one country soldier, few people know the big weapon.
The golden wisp was cold, hesitant and haggard.
Use the pen to enter the heart of the ancient, looking for a sentence to ask the king who.
A smile throws Sven, a thousand tears hate Yingwei.
The good moon is faintly approaching, and the good flowers are already there.
The state of mind is also feigned, and the illusory longitude and latitude are urgent.
Min Yue has been held several times, and the wind and dust map is intentional.
Half a hundred mechanical poems, friends floating years old.
The smoke cloud pen is light, and the light and shadow curtains are hidden.
Tender cold wax plum blossom, color talent thought.
With a smile, Mo was worried and startled the fragrant jade wind.