"Ban Yue Hui Class, Tune Han Tune", Peking Opera Zhongzhou Yunhu Guangluo, the so-called Hui Ban into Beijing, but the Han tune artists sing Han tune mainly, as we all know that Hui Ban is just a name! Hui Han confluence, Hui tone Han tune unity to mark the formation of Peking Opera, Peking Opera and Han Opera, Hui Opera is three different kinds of drama, Peking Opera birthplace is not only Anhui, but also Hubei!
Peking opera was born in Beijing, called Peking Opera, the original repertoire was formed in Beijing, Huangmei Opera was born in Huangmei County, Hubei Province called Huangmei Opera, the original script was formed in HuangzhouFu, Hubei Province (now Huanggang City, Hubei Province), the original repertoire originated from the adaptation of real people and real events in Huanggang County, Hubei Province, and the adaptation of Hubei folklore myths and stories, the original traditional repertoire of "36 large books, 72 small books" in the large main play to Huangmei County, small play to Guangji (now Huanggang Wuxue City) mostly. After passing through the Huayang River into the Anqing area of Anhui, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the name of the script was changed many times, the place name in the play was changed to the place name of Anhui, and the changed script name and the people in the play competed for the birthplace of the Huangmei opera, which was really not right!
In 2013, when the Anhui Provincial Symposium to Commemorate the 100th Anniversary of Guilinqi's Birth was held in Hefei, Mr. Shi Bailin delivered a speech: "In the 1950s, without the strong support of Zeng Shengxi and Guilinqi, there would be no Huangmei Opera today." Guilinqi is a native of Huangmei County, Huanggang, Hubei Province, and has not only made contributions to the liberation of Anqing in southwest Anhui, but also made indelible contributions to the spread and development of Huangmei opera in Anhui.
Guilin Qi is known as the founder of the new Chinese Huangmei opera, born in Huangmei County, Huanggang, Hubei, the hometown of Huangmei opera, served as the first secretary of Anhui Anqing, founded the Anhui Opera Troupe, drama school, trained Yan Fengying, Wang Guanya (Yan Fengying's husband, Wuhan native), Wang Shaofang (Nanjing), Shi Bailin and other Huangmei opera talents, supported the filming of the movie "Tianxian Match", and seconded Wang Shaofang from Nanjing. In 1953, Yan Fengying and Wang Shaofang of the Anhui Opera Troupe went to Huangmei County many times to learn from the scriptures, and took some traditional drama catalogs back to Anhui, including "Dong Yong Selling Himself" and then adapted into the movie "Tianxian Match", Yan Fengying and Wang Shaofang were famous in the world.
In order to commemorate the significant contribution made by Guilinqi to the spread and development of Huangmei opera in Anhui, the Guilin Huangmei Opera Foundation is named after Guilinqi (not named after Yan Fengying), and the Huangmei opera performers in Anhui Province still benefit to this day. Nowadays, it is said that GuilinQi renamed Anhui opera to Huangmei opera, which is really not right! Huangmei opera was forbidden to enter Anqing City, Ding Yongquan was arrested, casually and wittily singing Anhui opera, escaped the disaster. Later, when the Japanese occupied Anqing, there was no follow-up, in fact, Huangmei opera was never officially renamed Anhui opera. The older generation of Huangmei opera actors Ding Yongquan, Wang Shaofang and Yan Fengying never mentioned the name of Anhui opera before their deaths.
Huangmei opera originated and was born in Huangmei County, Huanggang City, Hubei Province, the main tune of Huangmei opera comes from Huangmei County, and the name of Huangmei in The place name Huangmei County is the name of the play. Huangmei opera original repertoire "36 large books, 72 small books" from Huanggang Huangmei, Guangji, Puchun, Macheng, Haoshui and other counties of the real people and real events adaptations, many of which are family letters, genealogies, tombstones, court performances can be proved, but because of the age.
Mr. Shi Bailin wrote in the preface to "Introduction to Huangmei Opera Music": Huangmei Opera was born in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, and it is more accurate to record and accumulate singing voices from artists and teachers (which is the most convincing) or to Huangmei County, Hubei. Some traditional repertoire mostly occurs in Huangmei, Guangji, Puchun, Haoshui and other places in Hubei.
In 1959, the Anhui Provincial Bureau of Culture published "Anhui Drama" in "Ding Lao's Discussion on Huangmei Opera", Ding Yongquan said: Huangmei opera also found our Anqing area from Hubei. Ding Yongquan studied under Hu Puling, the first female artist in Anhui Province to sing Huangmei opera in historical records, and was also Yan Fengying's mentor.
Zhang Yunfeng, a famous actor of the same period as Yan Fengying, published an article in Anqing's "Huangmei Opera Art" to recall Ding Yongquan singing a section of the horse shed overnight, full of Hubei rural sounds, which was very touching.
In 1920, the "Chronicle of Susong County" in Anhui Province recorded that the southwest of Jingyi, bordering Huangmei, mei customs perform small plays, also known as Huangmei opera.
He Yuanbing, a Tongzhi man of the Qing Dynasty, served as the county commander of Shi Di (present-day Shitai County, Anhui), Dongliu (present-day Dongzhi County, Anhui), and Fanchang (present-day Fanchang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province), and wrote that "nowadays, jiangnan opera is not sung, all are huangmei county dialects", describing the grand situation of Anhui people not singing their own Jiangnan songs and competing to learn to sing Huangmei opera.
From the 1950s to the early 1980s, Anhui artists went to Huangmei County many times to collect wind and excavate the themes of country music and scripts.
In 1949, China's first public Huangmei Drama Troupe Huangmei County Theater Troupe was established in Huanggang, Hubei Province, and in October 1952, the first national opera observation competition was held in Beijing, and only Huai Opera and Xiao Reverse Opera (also known as Reverse Seven Operas, now known as Lu Opera) in Anhui Province participated, but there was no Huangmei Opera. In 1953, Hubei Huanggang people Guilin Qi founded the first public Huangmei Drama Troupe in Anhui Province (upgraded to Huangmei Drama Theater in Anhui Province in 1988), and the Drama School (now Huangmei Opera Art College in Anhui Province), and Huangmei Opera began to develop rapidly in the southern Anhui region.
After the founding of New China, the party and the state advocated the blossoming of culture and art, and the film industry has also developed and the opera culture of many places in China has developed rapidly, such as Yue opera, Sichuan opera, Yu opera, Chu opera, etc., and so has Huangmei opera! Comrade Guilin Qi, a native of Huangmei opera who loves his hometown drama, served as the first secretary of Anhui Anqing, and cultivated a series of Huangmei opera talents, such as Yan Fengying, Wang Shaofang, Shi Bailin, Wang Guanya, Wang Zhaoqian, lu Hongfei, and a number of Huangmei opera writers, composers, and actors. It has made great contributions to the spread and development of Huangmei opera in Anhui Province, and is known as the "founder of Huangmei opera in New China".
In the early days of the founding of the Republic, the party and the state vigorously supported the development of various cultural opera arts, and Anhui Anqing was not only connected with the Huanggang landscape of Hubei, the hometown of Huangmei opera, but also the old provincial capital of Anhui, Huangmei opera has been well developed in Anhui, but "trees have roots, water has a source", the roots of Huangmei opera are always in Huanggang Huangmei County, so it is still called "Huangmei opera" instead of Anqing opera!
The rapid development of new China's cultural art and film industry has made Huangmei opera and Yan Fengying, and the performance of the movie "Tianxian Match" has made Huangmei opera and Yan Fengying and Wang Shaofang famous throughout the country overnight, and it is the times that have achieved Huangmei opera.
Hubei people Mi Yingxian, Yu Sansheng and Tan Xinpei, who sang Chinese tunes, were the pillars of the Hui class! The two great families of Peking Opera, the Yu family and the Tan family, are all from Hubei, and the originator of Peking Opera, Yu Sansheng, from HuangzhouFu, Hubei (now Huanggang City, Hubei Province) Yu Sansheng, Yu Ziyun, and Yu Shuyan are all masters, which is the famous Peking Opera Sanyu in the history of Peking Opera, the Tan Family of Peking Opera for a hundred years, Tan Xinpei, the founder of the Tan School, the founder of the Tan School of Peking Opera, Tan Xinpei, the founder of the Earliest and Largest Tan School of Peking Opera, Tan Xinpei, has the saying that "Yu Tan is not divided", Tan Xinpei is the master of Yu Sansheng, the head of the Tongguang Thirteen Absolutes, the founder of Peking Opera Qingyi Yu Ziyun (Yu Sansheng's son) also learned from Tan Xinpei, and the two families learned from each other. Peking opera also has the saying of "no cavity and no learning Tan", and the Tan family has been passed down for more than two hundred years and is still passing on Peking Opera to this day. Tan Xinpei, Tan Xiaopei, Tan Fuying, Tan Yuanshou, Tan Xiaozeng, Tan Zhengyan Seven Generations "Tan Men Seven Generations" have become legends in the history of Peking Opera and legends in the history of Chinese drama.
In the late Qing Dynasty, tan Xinpei, a native of Wuchang Province, Hubei Province (now Wuhan, Hubei Province), starred in China's first film Peking Opera "Dingjun Mountain", which became famous in the world and became the "national essence". In 2011, the 6th Peking Opera Arts Festival in China was held in Hubei, and the opening ceremony was called "Feng Hui Chu Tian", and the old Peking Opera artists said: We have come to pilgrimage, we have returned to the hometown of Peking Opera. ”
At present, most Peking opera artists believe that after the Han opera artists Mi Yingxian (a native of Wuchang Province, Hubei Province, now Qiyang County, Xianning City, Hubei Province) and Yu Sansheng (a native of Huangzhou Prefecture, Hubei Province, now Luotian County, Huanggang City, Hubei Province) entered Beijing, the convergence of Hui and Han opera, and the unity of Hui opera and Han opera marked the formal formation of Peking Opera, and Yu Sansheng was the well-deserved originator of Peking Opera. Hubei Han opera artists Mi Yingxian, Yu Sansheng and Tan Xinpei have successively become the pillars (first corner) of Huibantai, and Tan Xinpei is known as the "King of Beijing Drama" and the big boss of Huiban. Friends in Hubei never say that Peking Opera is Hubei Opera.
There are historical materials that prove that Han opera artists entered the capital earlier than Hui opera artists, Han opera is the earliest source of Peking Opera, and the birthplace of Peking Opera should not only be Anhui, but also Hubei. Among the five major types of drama, only Peking Opera can be regarded as the "essence of the country", the Chinese Peking Opera Arts Festival has been held many times, and Anhui has never held a Chinese Peking Opera Arts Festival. As for Hui opera, which was sung as a rescue drama as early as 1948, it was not originally from Anqing, but originated in Huizhou (the main body is now Huangshan City), Hui opera is currently only inherited in some parts of huangshan city in a few districts and counties, and Han opera is currently one of the four major drama genres in Hubei Province!
About Huangmei opera country has always recognized Hubei!
As early as August 1995, the Ministry of Culture of the State Council awarded Huangmei County in Huanggang, Hubei Province, as the hometown of Huangmei Opera in China (the only national Huangmei Opera Township in China).
In 2005, Anhui Anqing declared Huangmei Opera as a national intangible cultural heritage. In 2006, Huangmei County, Huanggang City, Hubei Province, declared Huangmei Opera as a national intangible cultural heritage and was approved at one time. In the same year, Anhui Anqing declared Huangmei Opera as a national intangible cultural heritage for the second time before it was approved! In February 2019, Huangmei County, Huanggang, Hubei Province, was elected as the "Hometown of Chinese Folk Culture and Art" for the fifth time with Huangmei Opera. In September 2020, the Ministry of Education of the State Council awarded Huanggang Normal University the national heritage base of Traditional Chinese Culture Huangmei Opera (the only university in The country). In 2021, Huangmei Opera will become a national intangible cultural heritage of Hubei Province (the only province in the country)
Civil Service Examination: Huangmei Opera originated from Hubei is the only correct answer
About Huangmei Opera 2021 The latest national official recognition of Huangmei Opera is a drama in Hubei Province.
