Exhibition time: 7.14-10.10
Venue: He Xiangning Art Museum
During the Qianlong period, thanks to the sponsorship of Huishang, the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou" sprung up and created a large freehand painting style with stylistic significance with a simple, humorous and novel style. Literati painting is no longer confined to the system of "character is related to qi rhyme", regardless of the subject matter, pen and ink, or style, breaking through the aesthetic pattern of unity, advocating individuality, and highlighting freedom. The Flow of the Six Dynasties thus became an ideal, and the dissemination of anecdotes of the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou" became an indispensable stroke of its artistic "reputation". The exhibition is divided into four units: "Leisure and Excitement", "Stability and Exquisiteness", "Strange and Indulgent", and "Tranquility and Gentleness".
Unit 1 Idleness and Agitation: The Painting Style of the Relics Represented by Chasi Biao and Shi Tao
In the late seventeenth century, Yangzhou' economy gradually recovered from the early Qing Dynasty's war and developed into the wealth of Jiangnan with the help of water transportation and salt industry. In the past, the remnants and cloth people living in Yangzhou used "Wucheng" as the image, and the bustling prosperity of the remembrance was no longer a fictional mirage. Yangzhou has once again become a stage for cultural elites to compete. They wrote nostalgic poems for the remnants of the people, or continued to practice the concept of governing the country and the world in the Qing court, and resolutely participated in the reconstruction of Yangzhou culture with their own image. At the level of literary and artistic thought, it is a trend dominated by personality publicity and self-consciousness that began in the late Ming Dynasty and later became popular among literati and doctors. Among them, the remnant painters tended to follow a path of wise and effective choice, that is, from fanaticism out of moral enthusiasm to indifference due to rational scrutiny, from extreme indignation to the assumption of responsibility to the reconstruction of Han culture. At that time, there was no shortage of relict painters in Yangzhou, such as Tang Zhiqi, Tang Zhiyin, Zong Hao, Zhu Jue, Sang Jie and other painters from their own nationalities, as well as Songjiang Chengjie, Xiuning Cha shibiao, Suining Lüqian, Kunshan GongXian, the old king Sun Shitao and other famous artists living in exile. With their arrogant personality strength and idle and exciting artistic style, or expressing thoughts or pinning emotions, they directly display a moving style, satisfying the desire of hui merchants for the literati paintings of wild and fashionable.
【Works】Chasbiao · Wash the brick diagram
Unit 2: Stable and Exquisite: The professional painting style represented by Gu Fushu, Li Yin and Yuan Jiang
Just as Shi Tao was galloping the art market and increasingly meeting the needs of literati paintings of Huishang merchants and gentry, Yangzhou was active in a group of professional painters who were known for their stability and exquisite craftsmanship. They were either the same age as Shi Tao, or shi Tao's younger generation, born locally, with Gu Fushu, Yu Zhiding, Li Yin, Wang Yun, Xiao Chen, Yuan Jiang, Yan Yi, Yuan Yao and others being the most prominent. Yu Zhiding is all realistic, landscapes, flowers, birds, and characters are good, and the history of painting is especially famous for its characters, and its achievements are between Zeng Whale, Xie Bin and other Bozhong, because of the importance of the capital, so that "for a time all the famous Gongtong people have been painted all over the place" (Wu Weiye, Wang Yuanqi, Wang Shizhen, Song Jie, Nalan Zhide, etc.). Gu Fushu, Li Yin, Yuan Jiang, Yuan Yao, etc., continued the creation of "boundary paintings" since the Tang and Song dynasties, such as Guo Zhongshu, Liu Songnian, Qiu Ying, etc., depicting landscape figure paintings and character paintings of celebrities in the classical era, and winning the favor of Jin merchants and Hui merchants with the beautiful scenery of the landscape wonderland and the Taige Palace. They teach the Song tradition, or white painting, or heavy color and rich, on the one hand, the pursuit of humanistic characteristics, on the other hand, accustomed to the performance of exquisite skill awareness, with the pen rigorous workmanship, composition is quite imposing, creating a strong decorative interest, suitable for hall hanging, showing the aesthetic, interesting, fashionable forming of Yangzhou's commercial economy, but also showing different orientations of the art market.
【Works】Li Yin · Imitation of Gao Kegong landscape map
Unit 3 Strange and Indulgent: The Literati Painting Style Represented by the Eight Monsters of Yangzhou
"Yangzhou salt affairs, competition for luxury", luxury comparison is often the direct driving force for the prosperity of culture and art. During the Qianlong period, the domination of Yangzhou society by salt merchants and salt transport officials reached its peak, they were fond of elegance and were willing to sponsor literature and art, so the garden buildings were lined up, and the academic, literary, and artistic growth was extremely fast, constituting a series of dazzling scenes, injecting extraordinary vitality into the life of the city. The Huishang family of "Jia And Good Confucian" likes to collect calligraphy and paintings, and is still strange and has its own set of artistic tastes. As one of the "Jingshang" projects, calligraphy and painting were rapidly commercialized, and attracted artists across the country to live in Huaiyang, such as Shanghang Huakun, Jiaoxian Gao Fenghan, Xinghua Li Peng, Huai'an Bian Shoumin, Shexian Wang Shishen, Yinxian Chen Zhuo, Ninghua Huangshen, Hangzhou Jinnong, Ganquan Gaoxiang, Jinling Yangfa, Xinghua Zheng Xie, Xiuning Li Feng, Nantong Li Fangyi, Nanchang Min Zhen, Ganquan Luoping, etc., who were either teachers and friends, or for fellow villagers, exchanged ideas and promoted each other, inadvertently forming a huge group of painting creation, posterity known as "eight monsters." "Introduction. They advocate innovation, easy pen and ink, strange style, fully present the colorful face of individualism. Salt merchants, merchant gentry, exile officials and literati gathered together to participate in poetry, calligraphy and painting activities in the same garden, creating an elegant cultural atmosphere. The cultural interaction of different social roles has greatly enriched the extension and connotation of Yangzhou culture since the beginning of the Qing Dynasty.
【Works】Bian Shoumin · Reed goose diagram
Unit 4 Tranquility and Gentleness: The professional painting style represented by "Han Shang Wu Zhu" and "Yangzhou Ten Small"
The profits of Yangzhou come from water transportation and salt industry, and its relatively single economic structure indicates that the rise and fall of Yangzhou must be closely related to the salt industry economy since the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the late eighteenth century, the lianghuai salt monopoly encountered challenges, and in the sixtieth year of Qianlong (1795), the monopoly system was abolished, and Yangzhou's commerce gradually withered. "The building collapsed, the flowers and trees withered", the three hundred years of prosperity began to fade, of which sighs and sorrows are different from Li Gefei's "Luoyang Famous Garden", Meng Yuanlao's "Tokyo Dream" and Zhang Dai's "West Lake Dream Search". Yangzhou literati look back on the past and are keen to write history, such as Wang Zhong's "Guangling Tongdian", Jiao Xun's "Yangzhou Tujing", "Beihu Xiaozhi", Li Dou's "Yangzhou Painting Record", wang Feng's "Yangzhou Painting Garden Record", depicting and recounting Yangzhou's thousand-year history and the once glorious deeds of Kangqian, immersed in the prosperous memories of the past. After Jiaqing, literary and art sponsorship activities shrank sharply, and the trend of collecting calligraphy and paintings was no longer there. With the opening of shanghai, potential painters have chosen to go east. The once star-studded art city had to turn around and become a withering aftersound dominated by local painters. Active in a group of native painters at that time, such as "Hanshang Wuzhu" and "Yangzhou Ten Small", they were both related to art and society, advocating imitation of the ancient, combining work and writing, and infatuated with the aesthetic taste of the quiet and gentle small citizens, but they no longer had the continuous influence in the sense of style in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.
【Works】Gao Fenghan · Long-term rich figure
From the collection of fine works, the Nanjing Museum has selected more than 20 works by yangzhou artists or active in Yangzhou, including Tang Zhiqi, Cheng Yi, Zha Shibiao, Shi Tao, Yu Zhiding, Yu Yuan, Wang Yun, Yuan Jiang, Gao Fenghan, Wang Shishen, Li Kun, Jin Nong, Huang Shen, Gao Xiang, Fang Shishu, Zheng Xie, Li Fangyi, Yuan Yao, Luo Ping, Wang Su, Wu Xizai, Min Zhen, Bian Shoumin, etc., totaling about 80 pieces, in an effort to present the three-hundred-year history of the rise and fall of Yangzhou painting in the Qing Dynasty. Our photographer @Otto also took some photos for us, let's take a look at the paintings of the "eight monsters".
Exhibition catalogue
38. "Flower and Bird Diagram Famous Flowers Drunk Together (First Screen)" Hua Song
39. "Flower and Bird Diagram Akagi Flower And Rain Diagram (Second Screen)" Hua Song
40. "Flower and Bird Diagram Spring Water Bath Clear Diagram (Third Screen)" Hua Song
41. "Floral Atlas, Its Twelve Yellow Plum Figures", Chen
42. "Floral Atlas, Its Eleventh Peony Diagram", Chen
43. "Floral Atlas and Its Ten Apricot Blossoms" Chen
44. "Flower Atlas, Nine Qingcheng Gardenias", Chen
45. "Floral Atlas and Its August Season Map"
46. "Floral Atlas, Seven Daffodils", Chen
47. "Floral Atlas, Six Magnolia Diagrams", Chen
48. "Floral Atlas, Five Plum Blossom Diagrams", chen
49. "Floral Atlas, Four Orchid Diagrams", Chen
50. "Floral Atlas, Three Peach Blossoms"
51. "Floral Atlas, Part II Loquat Diagram", Chen
52. "Floral Atlas, Part I Osmanthus Flower Diagram", Chen
53. "Basho Xuanshi Diagram" Li Li
54. "Empty Incense Map" Wang Shishen
55. "Lake Stone Narcissus Diagram" Wang Shishen
56. "Stone Map of Lanzhu Slope" Wang Shishen
57. "Five Pine Diagrams of the Stream" by Li Li
58. "Cold and Fragrant Picture" Li Li
59. "Exploring The Pearl" Huang Shen
60. "Life Star Chart" Jiang Zhang
61. Ammonite Diagram by Li Fangbin
62. "The Old Man Strikes the Chime Diagram" Huang Shen
63. "Lake Pavilion Autumn Xingtu" Huang Shen
64. "The Diagram of the Carp Through the Willow" Li Fangyi
65. "Bamboo Stone Diagram" Li Fangbin
66. "Floral Landscape Figures, Twelve" Huang Shen
67. "Floral Landscape Figures, Eleven" Huang Shen
68. "Floral Landscape Figures, Ten" Huang Shen
69. "Flower Landscape Figure Qijiu" Huang Shen
70. "Flower Landscape Figure Eight" Huang Shen
71. "Flower Landscape Figure Seven" Huang Shen
72. "Figures of Flowers and Landscapes, Six Maps of Travels in Guanshan Mountains" Huang Shen
73. "Figures of Flowers and Landscapes, Five Figures of Wind and Rain in Kowloon" Huang Shen
74. "Figures of Flowers and Landscapes, Four Figures of The Prime Minister" Huang Shen
75. "Flower Landscape Figure Figure, Three Pomegranate Figures" Huang Shen
76. "Figure of Flowers and Landscapes, Second Figure of Fishing alone in the Spring River" Huang Shen
77. "Figure of Flowers and Landscapes, One Of the Old Man Leaning on the Stone" Huang Shen
78. "Changlin Mi Sentence Diagram" Fang Shishu
79. "Mountain Village Return to Fishing Map" Fang Shishu
80. "Liu Hai Play Toad" Min Zhen
81. "Mountain Spring Map" Min Zhen
82. "Narcissus Diagram" Fang Qiyi
83. "Basho Buddha Statue" Luo Ping
84. "Bamboo Stone Diagram" Luo Ping
85. "Ancient Wood Frost" Luo Ping
86. "Lady Figure" Min Zhen
87. "Three Friends Pine Stone Diagram One Lanzhu Fangxin Diagram" Zheng Xie
88. "Three Friends Pine Stone Diagram, Second Gangu Chrysanthemum Spring Diagram" Zheng Xie
89. "Three Friends Pine Stone Diagram and Its Three Pillars stone ganxiao diagram" Zheng Xie
90. "Three Friends Pine Stone Diagram, Four Nanshan Songshou Diagram" Zheng Xie
91. "Zhong Kui Tu" Cai Jia
Exhibit details
【Works】Hua Song · Flower and Bird Diagram Famous Flowers Drunk Figure (First Screen)
【Works】Hua Song · Flower and Bird Diagram Akagi Flower Rain Diagram (Second Screen)
【Works】Hua Song · Flower and Bird Diagram Spring Water Bath Clear Diagram (Third Screen)
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas its twelve yellow plum figures
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas its eleven peony figures
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas its ten apricot blossoms
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas Its Nine Qingcheng Gardenia Diagram
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas Its August Season Chart
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas of its seven Narcissus
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas its six Magnolia diagrams
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas of its five plum blossoms
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas The four orchids
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas Part III Peach Blossom Diagram
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas Part II Loquat Diagram
【Works】Chen Zhuo · Floral Atlas One Osmanthus flower diagram
【Works】Li Peng · Basho Stone Diagram
【Works】Wang Shishen · Empty incense chart
【Works】Wang Shishen · Lake stone daffodil diagram
【Works】Wang Shishen · Stone diagram of Lanzhu Slope
【Works】Li Peng · Five pines of the stream
【Works】Li Peng · Cold and fragrant picture
【Works】Huang Shen · Bead map
【Works】Jiang Zhang · Birthday chart
【Works】Li Fangyi · Ammonite diagram
【Works】Huang Shen · The old man strikes the chime diagram
【Works】Huang Shen · Lake Pavilion Autumn Xing map
【Works】Li Fangyi · Bream through the willow figure
【Works】Li Fangyi · Bamboo stone diagram
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral landscape figures in its twelve
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral landscape figure in its eleventh
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral landscape figure ten
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral landscape figure nine
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral landscape figure figure its eight
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral landscape figure seven
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral Landscape Figures The six Guanshan travel map
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral Landscape Figures Its five Kowloon Wind and Rain Diagrams
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral landscape figure The fourth peony see zai xiang figure
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral landscape figure figure The third pomegranate figure
【Works】Huang Shen · Flower landscape figure Figure The second spring river solo fishing map
【Works】Huang Shen · Floral landscape figure One of them is a picture of the old man leaning on the stone
【Works】Fang Shishu · Long forest foraging sentence diagram
【Works】Fang Shishu · Mountain village return to fishing map
【Works】Min Zhen · Bangs play toad diagram
【Works】Min Zhen · Mountain Spring Map
【Works】Fang Qiyi · Daffodil diagram
【Works】Luo Ping · Basho Buddha statue
【Works】Luo Ping · Bamboo stone diagram
【Works】Luo Ping · Ancient wood frost map
【Works】Min Zhen · Lady Figure
【Works】Zheng Xie · Sanyou Turquoise Diagram One Lanzhu Fangxin Diagram
【Works】Zheng Xie · Sanyou Turquoise Diagram The second Chamomile Spring Diagram
【Works】Zheng Xie · Sanyou Pine Stone Diagram Its three-pillar stone ganxiao diagram
【Works】Zheng Xie · Sanyou Pine Stone Diagram The fourth Nanshan Matsuju diagram
【Works】Cai Jia · Zhong Kui diagram