Travelogue
Text/Liu Bo
In the northwest direction of Fuping County, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province, there is a Wenzong Road, which stretches for tens of kilometers, and along the road to the north, about 15 kilometers away, there is a village called Wenzong Village. The reason for this name is probably because the tomb of Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty, Zhangling, is located here.
As the saying goes, the talented son of the south will be the general of the north, and the loess of Shaanxi will be buried in the emperor. In the yellow land of the Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi, a total of more than 70 emperors have been buried, of which eighteen of the 21 emperors of the Tang Dynasty (Wuzhou) were buried in Shaanxi, known in history as the "Eighteen Tombs of Guanzhong". With Chang'an as the center of the circle, starting from Pucheng in the east and passing through Fuping, Sanyuan, Jingyang to Xianyang and Liquan to Qianxian in the west, the direction of the imperial tombs is distributed in a semicircular shape. Since the beginning of Emperor Taizong, in order to show grandeur and majesty, the imperial tomb is a mausoleum, a mountain is a mausoleum, in the mountain to dig a tomb, there are corner towers in all directions, open stone doors, of which the south gate Suzaku Gate outside the Shinto extends three miles, on both sides there are ten pairs of stone Weng Zhong, as well as stone statues such as stone horses Suzaku, and at the bottom of the mountain to build a temple pavilion for sacrifice and tomb keeping.
It was early spring, and the rape flowers in the south were in full bloom, and the flowers and plants in the north had just eased through the cold winter, secretly sticking out their heads to see the world. But what they saw was a yellowish scene, and the land still needed them to embellish it. It is also this scene of some decay that also sets off the tragic life of this emperor who has been sad all his life.
Emperor Wenzong's name was Li Ang, and when he ascended the throne, the Tang Dynasty was already at dusk, and the prosperity of Zhenguan and the prosperity of Kaiyuan were already yesterday's yellow flowers, even though this heavenly son who was good at poetry, wisdom, and elegance tried his best to abstain from extravagance and thriftiness and love for the people, he could not reconcile the Niu and Li party struggles of the previous dynasty and was even more powerless to eradicate the eunuch clique of the Hou court's dictatorship. Only those who can drink and get drunk, poetry and self-dispatch, the descendants of Emperor Taizong, actually fell into a situation inferior to the king of Zhou Zhao and the emperor of Han Xian, and cried out! Whoops! "Autumn grass grows on the road, and the forest is full of flowers." According to the high limit, there is no re-service to know. Who knows about the loneliness and desolation in the heart of the Tang Dynasty Tianzi who unifies Yuyu and controls the world? Finally, at the age of thirty-three, he died in sorrow and helplessness.
Standing on the mountainside, looking down at the present, the temple pavilion has long disappeared, the royal tomb keeper is gone, the Shinto stone statue is gone, this king who has been sad for a lifetime, still can't help but be sad, he sits lonely and helplessly as posterity blows up the mountain gate for materials, and transports the stone away one by one; lonely and helplessly watches the naughty children light up the yellow weeds; lonely and helplessly watches people build terraces and plant crops; lonely and helplessly watches the strangers look at him like admiring an old antique.
Compared with his father Muzong and his elder brother Jingzong, Emperor Wenzong was a world apart. After the Anshi Rebellion, the feudal towns and eunuchs gradually became the two major chronic diseases that confused the Tang Dynasty, and by the time of the reign of Emperor Wenzong's grandfather, Emperor Xianzong, the Tang Dynasty could have suppressed the deterioration of this chronic disease. However, Emperor Xianzong, who founded Yuan and Zhongxing, was in the dark, and the eunuch dictatorship that had been curbed was revived, and not to mention the death of the eunuch himself, it was a scourge to generations of descendants. The reigning Muzong and Jingzong were not qualified emperors, "too many banquets, too much travel", and after Muzong ascended the throne, he did not have time to change the era number and feasted heavily, letting the eunuchs gain power. Muzong was neither Mu nor respectful, one reigned for four years, one reigned for two years, one died thirty years old, and the other died at the age of eighteen. Shi Zai "Mu and Jing lost their morality, and because of their reign, the world was not in turmoil...". However, after Emperor Wenzong ascended the throne, he really had the intention of ruling, but he was unable to return to heaven.
The Tianlu Mountain where the Zhangling Tomb is located is very tall and large, and as a mausoleum, it is enough to highlight the grandeur of the imperial industry and the royal grandeur, standing on the mountain and looking out, if the air is good, you can see the scenery within a few miles. In fact, how can people now imagine how magnificent the tombs of the Tang Dynasty emperors at the peak of China's feudal social development more than a thousand years ago should be, and we can only peek at the old paper piles and the remaining ruins of today. All you can see is the wheat field village, but the sad scene of Wenzong's burial and the inter-meeting of the thousand years of wind and clouds vaguely appear in your mind.
Unlike the Taizong Zhao Mausoleum and the Gaozong Qianling Tomb, which have become scenic spots, the Zhangling Tomb has always been quietly located here, without a large number of tourists coming to pay homage to it, without large-scale renovation. He changes with the evolution of history, but he always avoids the atmosphere and composure of the emperor, leaving no intention and not being insulted. How many passers-by who were walking on Wenzong Road and passing by Wenzong Village had no idea that in front of them was the place where a certain emperor once rested. Zhang Ling just silently watched the people in the village rise and rested at dusk.
The accompanying colleagues were the Wenzong villagers who had lived under the Zhangling Tomb since childhood, standing on the mountainside, looking at the destroyed mountain pass, and could not help but feel the scene, recalling the rumbling noise of their youth and the scene of people mining mountain stones, pointing to the distance and telling us, somewhere in front of us, there were stone statues of stone people decades ago, and Shinto could still be pedestrianized. But now, I can't see anything. In 2011, the county government banned the mining of monuments in several mountain passes that were destroyed by the bombing, and the mutilated Zhangling Tombs were rarely visited. The colleague stood by the newly built protective facility, looked into the distance, sighed, and said: It is good to protect...
About author:Liu Bo, Qicun Town Government, Fuping County, Weinan City