RedHat EL5 安裝Oracle 10g RAC之--系統環境配置（1）

redhat el5 安裝oracle 10g rac之--系統環境配置（1）

系統環境：

作業系統：redhat el5

cluster： oracle crs 10.2.0.1.0

oracle：  oracle 10.2.0.1.0

如圖所示：rac 系統架構

一、作業系統環境

1、網絡配置（在所有節點）

[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts

# do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1                localhost

192.168.8.21  node1            ；節點1主機名

192.168.8.23  node1-vip

10.10.10.21   node1-priv

192.168.8.22  node2            ；節點2主機名

192.168.8.24  node2-vip

10.10.10.22   node2-priv

[root@node1 ~]#

2、共享磁盤配置（在所有節點）

對于oracle 10g rac，ocr和vote disk、database需建立在共享儲存設備上；ocr和vote disk必須以raw的方式管理，而存放database的磁盤必須以asm的方式管理。

[root@node1 ~]# fdisk -l

disk /dev/sdc: 21.4 gb, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

device boot      start         end      blocks   id  system

/dev/sdc1               1          25      200781   83  linux

/dev/sdc2              26          50      200812+  83  linux

/dev/sdc3              51        2610    20563200    5  extended

/dev/sdc5              51         549     4008186   83  linux

/dev/sdc6             550        1048     4008186   83  linux

/dev/sdc7            1049        1422     3004123+  83  linux

/dev/sdc8            1423        1796     3004123+  83  linux

/dev/sdc9            1797        2046     2008093+  83  linux

/dev/sdc10           2047        2610     4530298+  83  linux

建立raw裝置：

[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

# enter raw device bindings here.

# an example would be:

#   action=="add", kernel=="sda", run+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %n"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or

#   action=="add", env{major}=="8", env{minor}=="1", run+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %m %m"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

action=="add", kernel=="sdc1", run+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %n"

action=="add", kernel=="sdc2", run+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %n"

action=="add", kernel=="sdc5", run+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %n"

action=="add", kernel=="sdc6", run+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %n"

action=="add", kernel=="sdc7", run+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %n"

action=="add", kernel=="sdc8", run+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %n"

設定raw裝置權限：

[root@node1 ~]# cat  /etc/udev/rules.d/65-raw-permissions.rules

kernel=="raw1", owner="oracle", group="oinstall", mode="660"

kernel=="raw2", owner="oracle", group="oinstall", mode="660"

kernel=="raw3", owner="oracle", group="oinstall", mode="660"

kernel=="raw4", owner="oracle", group="oinstall", mode="660"

kernel=="raw5", owner="oracle", group="oinstall", mode="660"

kernel=="raw6", owner="oracle", group="oinstall", mode="660"

啟動raw裝置：

[root@node1 soft]# start_udev

starting udev: [  ok  ]

[root@node1 soft]# raw -aq

/dev/raw/raw1:  bound to major 8, minor 33

/dev/raw/raw2:  bound to major 8, minor 34

/dev/raw/raw3:  bound to major 8, minor 37

/dev/raw/raw4:  bound to major 8, minor 38

/dev/raw/raw5:  bound to major 8, minor 39

/dev/raw/raw6:  bound to major 8, minor 40

檢視raw裝置：

[root@node1 soft]# ls -l /dev/raw

total 0

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 may  5 17:12 raw1

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 2 may  5 17:12 raw2

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 may  5 17:12 raw3

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 may  5 17:12 raw4

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 5 may  5 17:12 raw5

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 6 may  5 17:12 raw6

建立oracle使用者群組（所有節點）：

[root@node1 ~]# id oracle

uid=200(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=200(oinstall),201(dba)

注意：所有節點user id和group id一緻！

[root@node1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@node1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

       . ~/.bashrc

fi

# user specific environment and startup programs

export editor=vi

export oracle_sid=prod1

export oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle

export oracle_home=$oracle_base/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ora_crs_home=/u01/crs_1

export ld_library_path=$oracle_home/lib

export path=$oracle_home/bin:$ora_crs_home/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/x11r6/bin

umask 022

3、配置系統核心參數（在所有節點）

[root@node1 soft]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

核心參數修改生效：

[root@node1 ~]# sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmall = 268435456

使用者資源通路限制：

[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle              soft    nproc   2047

oracle              hard    nproc   16384

oracle              soft    nofile  1024

oracle              hard    nofile  65536

oracle              soft    stack   10240

[root@node1 ~]#cat /etc/profile

if [ $user = "oracle" ]||[ $user = "grid" ]; then

   if [ $shell = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

               ulimit -p 16384

               ulimit -n 65536

       else

               ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

       fi

配置認證子產品：

[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

配置節點間心跳：

[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/rc.local

options hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180

4、配置時間同步（ntp)

node1 作為ntp server ，node2 作為ntp client

配置如下：

node1：

[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig --list |grep time

       daytime-dgram:  off

       daytime-stream: off

       time-dgram:     off

       time-stream:    off

[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig time-dgram on

[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig time-stream on

[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig ntpd on

[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig xinetd on

[root@node1 ~]# service ntpd start

starting ntpd: [  ok  ]

node2：

[root@node2 asm]# crontab -l

0-59/1  * * * * /usr/bin/rdate -s 192.168.8.21 >/dev/null 2>&1

0-59/1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.8.21 >/dev/null 2>&1

[root@node2 asm]#

5、配置yum 安裝所需的軟體包（所有節點）

以redhat 安裝CD光牒作為yum倉庫：

[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# cat yum.repo

[base]

name=red hat enterprise linux

baseurl=file:///media/server

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release

安裝軟體包：

[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libxp*

installed:

 libxp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5               libxp-devel.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5              

[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libaio*

[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y sysstat*

 sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-3.el5

[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y unix*

 unixodbc.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1                

 unixodbc-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1            

 unixodbc-kde.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1            

[root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y compat*

 compat-dapl.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5          compat-dapl-devel.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5        

 compat-dapl-static.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5   compat-dapl-utils.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5        

 compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1              compat-openldap.i386 0:2.3.43_2.2.29-12.el5  

 compat-readline43.i386 0:4.3-3           compat-slang.i386 0:1.4.9-27.2.2            

dependency installed:

 libibverbs.i386 0:1.1.3-2.el5 libnes.i386 0:0.9.0-2.el5 librdmacm.i386 0:1.0.10-1.el5

 openib.noarch 0:1.4.1-5.el5  

--未完，待續

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