我在linux(基于centos 或者 debian 的發行版)中該如何檢視目前網絡端口吞吐量的統計資訊？在linux作業系統中如何檢視目前核心snmp計數器以及網絡端口的統計資訊？
你可以使用以下任何一個指令：
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鍵入以下指令:
<code># nstat</code>
輸出樣例:
<code>#kernel</code>
<code>ipinreceives 133243 0.0</code>
<code>ipindelivers 133243 0.0</code>
<code>ipoutrequests 92904 0.0</code>
<code>icmpouterrors 97 0.0</code>
<code>icmpouttimeexcds 97 0.0</code>
<code>icmpmsgouttype3 97 0.0</code>
<code>tcpactiveopens 538 0.0</code>
<code>tcpestabresets 56 0.0</code>
<code>tcpinsegs 129837 0.0</code>
<code>tcpoutsegs 89720 0.0</code>
<code>tcpretranssegs 42 0.0</code>
<code>tcpoutrsts 704 0.0</code>
<code>udpindatagrams 3255 0.0</code>
<code>udpnoports 97 0.0</code>
<code>udpoutdatagrams 3270 0.0</code>
<code>ip6outnoroutes 206 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttw 141 0.0</code>
<code>tcpextdelayedacks 508 0.0</code>
<code>tcpextdelayedacklocked 1 0.0</code>
<code>tcpextdelayedacklost 42 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcphphits 117659 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcppureacks 2158 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcphpacks 605 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcpsackrecovery 1 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcplossundo 16 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcpsackfailures 4 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcpfastretrans 1 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcpslowstartretrans 3 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcptimeouts 33 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcpdsackoldsent 40 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcpdsackrecv 5 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcpabortondata 120 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcpabortonclose 55 0.0</code>
<code>tcpexttcpsackshiftfallback 9 0.0</code>
<code>ipextinoctets 180131682 0.0</code>
<code>ipextoutoctets 7289106 0.0</code>
要檢視統計彙總, 輸入:
<code># ss -s</code>
<code>total: 786 (kernel 804)</code>
<code>tcp: 65 (estab 40, closed 7, orphaned 0, synrecv 0, timewait 6/0), ports 56</code>
<code>transport total ip ipv6</code>
<code>* 804 - -</code>
<code>raw 1 1 0</code>
<code>udp 12 9 3</code>
<code>tcp 58 52 6</code>
<code>inet 71 62 9</code>
<code>frag 0 0 0</code>
檢視所有網絡端口以及彙總資訊表，輸入：
<code># netstat -i</code>
<code>kernel interface table</code>
<code>iface mtu met rx-ok rx-err rx-drp rx-ovr tx-ok tx-err tx-drp tx-ovr flg</code>
<code>eth0 1500 0 941022 0 0 0 688165 0 0 0 bmru</code>
<code>lo 16436 0 9304 0 0 0 9304 0 0 0 lru</code>
<code>ppp0 1496 0 3784 0 0 0 4177 0 0 0 mopru</code>
檢視每個協定的彙總統計資訊，輸入：
<code># netstat -s</code>
<code>ip:</code>
<code>1092065 total packets received</code>
<code>0 forwarded</code>
<code>0 incoming packets discarded</code>
<code>1091681 incoming packets delivered</code>
<code>798913 requests sent out</code>
<code>895 dropped because of missing route</code>
<code>759 reassemblies required</code>
<code>375 packets reassembled ok</code>
<code>icmp:</code>
<code>17 icmp messages received</code>
<code>0 input icmp message failed.</code>
<code>icmp input histogram:</code>
<code>timeout in transit: 8</code>
<code>echo replies: 9</code>
<code>1747 icmp messages sent</code>
<code>0 icmp messages failed</code>
<code>icmp output histogram:</code>
<code>destination unreachable: 1730</code>
<code>echo request: 17</code>
<code>icmpmsg:</code>
<code>intype0: 9</code>
<code>intype11: 8</code>
<code>outtype3: 1730</code>
<code>outtype8: 17</code>
<code>tcp:</code>
<code>4822 active connections openings</code>
<code>1129 passive connection openings</code>
<code>457 failed connection attempts</code>
<code>165 connection resets received</code>
<code>7 connections established</code>
<code>1062519 segments received</code>
<code>771394 segments send out</code>
<code>7158 segments retransmited</code>
<code>6 bad segments received.</code>
<code>2578 resets sent</code>
<code>udp:</code>
<code>20846 packets received</code>
<code>1730 packets to unknown port received.</code>
<code>0 packet receive errors</code>
<code>19242 packets sent</code>
<code>udplite:</code>
<code>tcpext:</code>
<code>71 invalid syn cookies received</code>
<code>8 resets received for embryonic syn_recv sockets</code>
<code>142 packets pruned from receive queue because of socket buffer overrun</code>
<code>2109 tcp sockets finished time wait in fast timer</code>
<code>84 packets rejects in established connections because of timestamp</code>
<code>19454 delayed acks sent</code>
<code>6 delayed acks further delayed because of locked socket</code>
<code>quick ack mode was activated 7306 times</code>
<code>1 packets directly queued to recvmsg prequeue.</code>
<code>1 bytes directly received in process context from prequeue</code>
<code>823921 packet headers predicted</code>
<code>24412 acknowledgments not containing data payload received</code>
<code>10150 predicted acknowledgments</code>
<code>242 times recovered from packet loss by selective acknowledgements</code>
<code>33 congestion windows recovered without slow start by dsack</code>
<code>335 congestion windows recovered without slow start after partial ack</code>
<code>336 tcp data loss events</code>
<code>tcplostretransmit: 35</code>
<code>1 timeouts after reno fast retransmit</code>
<code>156 timeouts after sack recovery</code>
<code>116 timeouts in loss state</code>
<code>461 fast retransmits</code>
<code>5 forward retransmits</code>
<code>608 retransmits in slow start</code>
<code>2073 other tcp timeouts</code>
<code>62 sack retransmits failed</code>
<code>43074 packets collapsed in receive queue due to low socket buffer</code>
<code>8499 dsacks sent for old packets</code>
<code>101 dsacks sent for out of order packets</code>
<code>308 dsacks received</code>
<code>9 dsacks for out of order packets received</code>
<code>427 connections reset due to unexpected data</code>
<code>122 connections reset due to early user close</code>
<code>28 connections aborted due to timeout</code>
<code>tcpdsackignoredold: 3</code>
<code>tcpdsackignorednoundo: 60</code>
<code>tcpspuriousrtos: 4</code>
<code>tcpsackshifted: 282</code>
<code>tcpsackmerged: 740</code>
<code>tcpsackshiftfallback: 1017</code>
<code>ipext:</code>
<code>inmcastpkts: 47</code>
<code>outmcastpkts: 51</code>
<code>inbcastpkts: 1</code>
<code>inoctets: 1341508973</code>
<code>outoctets: 72525352</code>
<code>inmcastoctets: 8649</code>
<code>outmcastoctets: 7519</code>
<code>inbcastoctets: 328</code>
<code># ifconfig</code>
或者
<code># /sbin/ifconfig</code>
<code># ifconfig eth0</code>
<code>eth0 link encap:ethernet hwaddr b8:ac:6f:65:31:e5</code>
<code>inet addr:192.168.1.5 bcast:192.168.1.255 mask:255.255.255.0</code>
<code>inet6 addr: fe80::baac:6fff:fe65:31e5/64 scope:link</code>
<code>up broadcast running multicast mtu:1500 metric:1</code>
<code>rx packets:966334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0</code>
<code>tx packets:703297 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0</code>
<code>collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000</code>
<code>rx bytes:1186255648 (1.1 gib) tx bytes:73968238 (70.5 mib)</code>
<code>interrupt:17</code>
<code>lo link encap:local loopback</code>
<code>inet addr:127.0.0.1 mask:255.0.0.0</code>
<code>inet6 addr: ::1/128 scope:host</code>
<code>up loopback running mtu:16436 metric:1</code>
<code>rx packets:9666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0</code>
<code>tx packets:9666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0</code>
<code>collisions:0 txqueuelen:0</code>
<code>rx bytes:1399578 (1.3 mib) tx bytes:1399578 (1.3 mib)</code>
<code>ppp0 link encap:point-to-point protocol</code>
<code>inet addr:10.1.11.70 p-t-p:10.0.31.18 mask:255.255.255.255</code>
<code>up pointopoint running noarp multicast mtu:1496 metric:1</code>
<code>rx packets:3784 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0</code>
<code>tx packets:4177 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0</code>
<code>collisions:0 txqueuelen:3</code>
<code>rx bytes:2400265 (2.2 mib) tx bytes:275983 (269.5 kib)</code>
顯示網絡端口統計資訊，輸入：
<code># ip -s link</code>
<code>1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state unknown</code>
<code>link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00</code>
<code>rx: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast</code>
<code>1444187 9960 0 0 0 0</code>
<code>tx: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns</code>
<code>2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state up qlen 1000</code>
<code>link/ether b8:ac:6f:65:31:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff</code>
<code>1221956483 991501 0 0 0 24</code>
<code>75623937 720272 0 0 0 0</code>
<code>3: wlan0: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state down qlen 1000</code>
<code>link/ether 00:21:6a:ca:9b:10 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff</code>
<code>0 0 0 0 0 0</code>
<code>4: pan0: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state down</code>
<code>link/ether 4a:c7:5f:0e:8e:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff</code>
<code>8: ppp0: mtu 1496 qdisc pfifo_fast state unknown qlen 3</code>
<code>link/ppp</code>
<code>2419881 3848 0 0 0 0</code>
<code>284151 4287 0 0 0 0</code>
<code>sar -n dev</code>
<code>linux 2.6.32-220.2.1.el6.x86_64 (www.cyberciti.biz) tuesday 13 march 2012 _x86_64_ (2 cpu)</code>
<code>12:00:01 cdt iface rxpck/s txpck/s rxkb/s txkb/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s</code>
<code>12:10:01 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:10:01 cdt eth0 127.13 121.32 95.45 18.34 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:10:01 cdt eth1 98.48 110.62 16.72 96.33 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:20:01 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:20:01 cdt eth0 139.95 133.41 106.30 19.95 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:20:01 cdt eth1 110.65 121.85 18.14 107.13 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:30:01 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:30:01 cdt eth0 147.85 132.49 115.78 20.45 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:30:01 cdt eth1 111.88 127.39 18.61 117.65 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:40:01 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:40:01 cdt eth0 136.75 124.64 105.24 19.48 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:40:01 cdt eth1 101.65 115.32 17.58 104.50 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:50:01 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:50:01 cdt eth0 131.45 125.69 96.49 19.58 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>12:50:01 cdt eth1 101.41 111.31 17.54 96.78 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:00:01 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:00:01 cdt eth0 140.30 133.27 102.17 20.75 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:00:01 cdt eth1 106.90 119.51 18.53 103.09 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:10:01 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:10:01 cdt eth0 152.03 127.74 125.56 19.85 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:10:01 cdt eth1 115.60 134.57 18.73 126.96 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:20:01 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:20:01 cdt eth0 138.55 130.55 103.03 20.20 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>....</code>
<code>..</code>
<code>.</code>
<code>01:00:01 cdt eth1 156.82 169.48 28.83 138.49 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:10:01 cdt eth0 215.19 194.82 163.11 30.99 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:10:01 cdt eth1 162.49 183.79 28.36 163.70 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:20:01 cdt eth0 200.20 192.23 140.64 30.93 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:20:01 cdt eth1 153.60 166.96 27.32 140.26 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:30:01 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:30:01 cdt eth0 111.98 103.58 79.12 16.52 0.00 0.00 0.48</code>
<code>01:30:01 cdt eth1 87.50 95.58 14.74 79.35 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>average: iface rxpck/s txpck/s rxkb/s txkb/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s</code>
<code>average: lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>average: eth0 211.21 196.20 156.18 31.20 0.00 0.00 0.01</code>
<code>average: eth1 159.10 174.52 28.00 149.95 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
或者輸入以下指令:
<code># sar -n dev 1 3</code>
<code>01:44:03 cdt iface rxpck/s txpck/s rxkb/s txkb/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s</code>
<code>01:44:04 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:44:04 cdt eth0 161.70 154.26 105.20 26.63 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:44:04 cdt eth1 145.74 142.55 25.11 144.94 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:44:04 cdt iface rxpck/s txpck/s rxkb/s txkb/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s</code>
<code>01:44:05 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:44:05 cdt eth0 162.14 156.31 107.46 42.18 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:44:05 cdt eth1 135.92 138.83 39.38 104.92 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:44:05 cdt iface rxpck/s txpck/s rxkb/s txkb/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s</code>
<code>01:44:06 cdt lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:44:06 cdt eth0 303.92 293.14 272.91 37.40 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>01:44:06 cdt eth1 252.94 290.20 34.87 263.50 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>average: eth0 210.37 202.34 163.19 35.66 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<code>average: eth1 178.93 191.64 33.36 171.60 0.00 0.00 0.00</code>
<b>原文釋出時間為：2015-06-08</b>
<b>本文來自雲栖社群合作夥伴“linux中國”</b>
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