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今天小編為大家帶來《基于區塊鍊的農業供應鍊金融三方政策選擇的演化博弈及對策研究》一文。
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Dear, this is the LearingYard Academy!
Today, the editor brings the "
Research on Evolutionary Game and Countermeasures of
Tripartite strategy Selection of Agricultural Supply Chain
Finance Based on Blockchain".
Welcome to visit！
1 内容摘要（Content summary）
今天小編将從“思維導圖、精讀内容、知識補充”三個闆塊，解讀分享《基于區塊鍊的農業供應鍊金融三方政策選擇的演化博弈及對策研究》一文的機理分析部分。
Today, I will share the mechanism analysis part of the article “Evolutionary Game and Countermeasure Research on Blockchain-Based Agricultural Supply Chain Finance Tripartite Strategy Selection” from the three sections of “Thinking Guide, Intensive Reading, and Knowledge Supplementation”.
2 思維導圖（Mind mapping）
3 精讀内容（Intensive reading content）
3.1 傳統農業供應鍊金融運作模式概述
3.1 Overview of Traditional Agricultural Supply Chain Finance Operation Models
（1）“核心農業企業+農戶+金融機構”模式：此模式依托核心農業企業作為橋梁，連接配接農戶與金融機構，利用農産品預期銷售收入作為貸款抵押，核心企業同時負責資金監管、擔保和農産品銷售，旨在分散貸款風險，拓寬農戶銷售路徑，實作融資與市場拓展的雙重目标。
(1) The “core agricultural enterprise + farmers + financial institutions” model: this model relies on the core agricultural enterprise as a bridge to connect farmers and financial institutions, using the expected income from the sale of agricultural products as collateral for the loan, with the core enterprise being responsible for the supervision of funds, guarantees and the sale of agricultural products at the same time, with the aim of dispersing the risk of the loan and broadening the sales path of the farmers, so as to realize the dual goals of financing and market expansion. It aims to diversify loan risks, broaden farmers' sales paths, and realize the dual goals of financing and market expansion.
（2）“核心農業企業+農業園區+農戶+金融機構”模式：在此基礎上增加農業園區作為監管服務平台，通過正式協定強化生産銷售監管、技術傳遞及産品流向控制，進一步提升貸款安全性，深化合作以降低供應鍊金融的整體風險。
(2) “Core Agricultural Enterprise + Agricultural Park + Farmers + Financial Institutions” model: on this basis, the Agricultural Park is added as a supervisory service platform, and the production and sales supervision, technology transfer and product flow control are strengthened through the formal agreement to further enhance the security of the loan, and to deepen the cooperation in order to reduce the overall risk of supply chain finance.
（3）“核心農業企業+農業生産合作社+農戶+金融機構”模式：引入農業生産合作社為農戶集合體，農戶以土地入股形式合作，四方協定確定合作社作為貸款主體，核心企業承擔連帶保證責任，促進規模生産與銷售，優化風險管理與利潤配置設定結構。
(3) “Core agribusiness + agricultural production cooperatives + farmers + financial institutions” model: the introduction of agricultural production cooperatives as a collection of farmers, with farmers cooperating in the form of land shares, a four-party agreement to ensure that the cooperative is the main body of the loan, and the core enterprise assumes joint and several guarantee responsibility, promoting large-scale production and sales, optimizing risk management and profit distribution structure. Optimizing risk management and profit distribution structure.
（4）總結：
(4) Summary:
3.2 參與主體角色與特征
3.2 Roles and Characteristics of Participating Subjects
核心農業企業：扮演關鍵角色，具有強大實力和高信譽度，運用先進技術，擁有廣泛市場管道，能有效擔任金融交易中的擔保角色。
Core agribusiness: plays a key role, is strong and highly credible, utilizes advanced technology, has extensive market access, and can effectively act as a guarantor in financial transactions.
金融機構：農業供應鍊金融的資金供給方，面臨農戶資訊收內建本高昂的挑戰。
Financial institutions: the suppliers of capital for agricultural supply chain finance face the challenge of high costs of collecting information from farmers.
農業合作組織：由農戶組成，以土地入股，受限于知識水準和自然條件，抗風險能力弱，難以獨立獲得融資。
Agricultural cooperative organizations: they are composed of farmers with land as shares, and are limited by their knowledge and natural conditions, with a weak capacity to resist risks and difficulty in obtaining financing on their own.
3.3 農業供應鍊金融固有風險
3.3 Risks inherent in agricultural supply chain finance
農産品風險：源自生産分散、經驗限制及市場波動，影響收益穩定性。
Agricultural risk: arises from fragmented production, experience limitations and market volatility, affecting the stability of returns.
法律風險：合同設計缺陷和執行問題可能導緻糾紛，影響合作信任。
Legal risk: Contract design flaws and implementation problems may lead to disputes and affect trust in cooperation.
信用風險：參與方違約行為可能引發損失和還款困難。
Credit risk: Participants' defaults may trigger losses and repayment difficulties.
業務營運風險：技術、産品處理、定價和結算等環節的操作失誤可損害信任基礎。
Business operations risk: Operational failures in technology, product processing, pricing and settlement can undermine the foundation of trust.
3.4區塊鍊與農業供應鍊金融的耦合性及政策影響
3.4 Coupling of Blockchain and Agricultural Supply Chain Finance and Strategy Implications
（1）耦合性分析：
（1）Coupling analysis:
主體層面：區塊鍊技術促進各參與主體間的直接互動，減少中間環節，提高合作效率。
Subject level: blockchain technology facilitates direct interaction among participating subjects, reduces intermediate links and improves the efficiency of cooperation.
資訊層面：區塊鍊的不可篡改性增強資料透明度，降低資訊不對稱，提升決策品質。
Information level: blockchain's non-tamperability enhances data transparency, reduces information asymmetry and improves decision-making quality.
降低風險層面：智能合約自動執行，確定合同條款遵守，減少違約風險，同時區塊鍊追溯功能有助于農産品風險管理和信用評估。
Reducing the risk level: smart contracts are automatically executed to ensure compliance with the terms of the contract and reduce the risk of breach of contract, while the blockchain traceability function helps in risk management and credit assessment of agricultural products.
（2）政策選擇分析
（2）Strategy Selection Analysis
鑒于區塊鍊與農業供應鍊金融的高度耦合性，建構基于區塊鍊的新型模式能顯著改善資訊不對稱，鼓勵信用行為。核心企業因增強的信用環境更願提供擔保，金融機構在透明、低風險環境下更敢放貸，而農業生産合作社則在透明高效的環境中積極還款，形成良性循環，最終推動整個農業供應鍊金融的健康發展。
Given the high degree of coupling between blockchain and agricultural supply chain finance, building a new model based on blockchain can significantly improve information asymmetry and encourage credit behavior. Core enterprises are more willing to provide guarantees due to the enhanced credit environment, financial institutions are more daring to lend in a transparent and low-risk environment, and agricultural production cooperatives are actively repaying their loans in a transparent and efficient environment, forming a virtuous cycle that ultimately promotes the healthy development of the entire agricultural supply chain finance.
4 知識補充（Knowledge supplement）
什麼是耦合性？（What is coupling? ）
耦合性是指在軟體工程領域中，不同子產品或元件互相依賴和關聯的程度。這一概念幫助評估系統内部結構的複雜性和子產品間的獨立性。具體來講，它衡量了一個子產品内部的變動會如何影響其他子產品的功能。系統設計追求的是低耦合，即子產品間保持較小的依賴關系，這樣每個子產品可以獨立開發、測試和更新，而不會對整個系統造成大的幹擾，有利于提高軟體的可維護性、可測試性和未來的可擴充性。相反，高耦合的系統中子產品緊密相連，任何單一子產品的改動都可能波及衆多其他子產品，增加了維護難度和出錯風險。是以，通過設計清晰的接口、遵循良好的程式設計實踐和設計原則，是實作子產品間低耦合、建構健康軟體架構的關鍵。
Coupling is the degree to which different modules or components are dependent and related to each other in the field of software engineering. This concept helps assess the complexity of the internal structure of a system and the independence between modules. Specifically, it measures how changes within one module can affect the functionality of other modules. System design pursues low coupling, i.e., modules maintain small dependencies between them so that each module can be developed, tested, and updated independently without causing major disruptions to the overall system, which is conducive to improving the maintainability, testability, and future scalability of the software. On the contrary, modules in a highly coupled system are closely connected, and changes in any single module may affect many other modules, increasing the difficulty of maintenance and the risk of errors. Therefore, by designing clear interfaces and following good programming practices and design principles, it is crucial to realize low coupling between modules and build a healthy software architecture.
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參考資料：ChatGPT
參考文獻：
徐乙. 基于區塊鍊的農業供應鍊金融三方政策選擇的演化博弈及對策研究[D]. 江蘇科技大學, 2022.
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