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讀麥·訪談·《花花公子》采訪麥克盧漢·079

作者:讀麥

PLAYBOY: You said a few minutes ago that all of contemporary man’s traditional values, attitudes and institutions are going to be destroyed and replaced in and by the new electric age. That’s a pretty sweeping generalization. Apart from the complex psychosocial metamorphoses you’ve mentioned, would you explain in more detail some of the specific changes you foresee?

花花公子:你幾分鐘前說過,當代人所有的傳統價值觀、态度和制度習俗,在新的電子時代也因為新的電子時代而逐漸被破壞、被取代,這是一種非常總括性的概括。除了你已經提到過的複雜的社會心理的顯著變化,你能更詳細地解釋一些你所預見的具體變化嗎?

McLUHAN: The transformations are taking place everywhere around us. As the old value systems crumble, so do all the institutional clothing and garbage they fashioned. The cities, corporate extensions of our physical organs, are withering and being translated along with all other such extensions into information systems, as television and the jet—by compressing time and space—make all the world one village and destroy the old citycountry dichotomy. New York, Chicago, Los Angeles—all will disappear like the dinosaur. The automobile, too, will soon be as obsolete as the cities it is currently strangling, replaced by new antigravitational technology. The marketing systems and the stock market as we know them today will soon be dead as the dodo, and automation will end the traditional concept of the job, replacing it with a role, and giving men the breath of leisure. The electric media will create a world of dropouts from the old fragmented society, with its neatly compartmentalized analytic functions, and cause people to drop in to the new integrated global-village community.

麥克盧漢:我們周圍到處都在發生這樣的變化。各種舊價值體系崩潰,它們所塑造的所有老一套的外衣和垃圾也都會消失。随着電視和噴射機——通過壓縮時間和空間——使全世界變成一個村落并消除了過去的城鄉對立,作為我們身體器官的共同延伸的城市,伴随所有其他的諸般延伸,逐漸消失并被轉變成資訊系統。紐約、芝加哥、洛杉矶——每一個城市都會像恐龍一樣消失。汽車很快也會像它正在堵塞着的城市一樣被淘汰,被新的反重力技術所取代。我們今天所熟習的營銷體系和股票市場很快就會像渡渡鳥一樣絕種,同時,自動化将終結傳統觀念的職業,代之以角色并給人帶來不以工作為生的活力。電子媒介将創造一個屬于退出者——他們從舊的碎片化社會及其受到整齊劃分的分析功能中退出——的世界,同時促使人參與進到新的渾然一體的地球村社群。

按:地球村是電子媒介和飛機壓縮了時間、空間而造成的,全球轉變成星球級的資訊系統,城鄉對立消失,大城市消失,城市從以硬體為主轉變成以軟體為主,人的聚落凸顯出資訊的功能。書面文化裡的舊物事蛻變為資訊系統、資訊事件。這裡的資訊系統、軟體都是動态的。

汽車将被新的克服重力的技術所取代,這是人造衛星引發的暢想,也是向出行者作出的應許。前所未有的資訊流和物流,大大減少了宅男宅女們出行的必要性,天使化社交成為主要的人際模式,面對面社交成為生活的重大節目。

退出者包括退學者、逃避現實的人。随着電子時代的深入,退出者的褒義越來越多、貶義越來越少。退出者彰顯了慢資訊條件下不曾有過的一種模式:目标随時切換。

書面-機械的營銷體系、股票市場即将過時。渡渡鳥,dodo,孤鴿,引申為落後于時代的人,過時之物。

電子時代以角色取代職業,人充滿活力,不以工作為生而以行動為樂。