Go 語言中數組可以存儲同一類型的資料,但在結構體中我們可以為不同項定義不同的資料類型。
結構體是由一系列具有相同類型或不同類型的資料構成的資料集合。
結構體表示一項記錄,比如儲存圖書館的書籍記錄,每本書有以下屬性:
Title :标題
Author : 作者
Subject:學科
ID:書籍ID
結構體的基本格式
type struct_variable_type struct {
member definition;
member definition;
...
member definition;
}
通路結構體成員
如果要通路結構體成員,需要使用點号 . 操作符,格式為:
結構體.成員名"
執行個體
package main
import "fmt"
type Books struct {
title string
author string
subject string
book_id int
}
func main() {
var Book1 Books /* 聲明 Book1 為 Books 類型 */
var Book2 Books /* 聲明 Book2 為 Books 類型 */
/* book 1 描述 */
Book1.title = "Go 語言"
Book1.author = "www.runoob.com"
Book1.subject = "Go 語言教程"
Book1.book_id = 6495407
/* book 2 描述 */
Book2.title = "Python 教程"
Book2.author = "www.runoob.com"
Book2.subject = "Python 語言教程"
Book2.book_id = 6495700
/* 列印 Book1 資訊 */
fmt.Printf( "Book 1 title : %s\n", Book1.title)
fmt.Printf( "Book 1 author : %s\n", Book1.author)
fmt.Printf( "Book 1 subject : %s\n", Book1.subject)
fmt.Printf( "Book 1 book_id : %d\n", Book1.book_id)
/* 列印 Book2 資訊 */
fmt.Printf( "Book 2 title : %s\n", Book2.title)
fmt.Printf( "Book 2 author : %s\n", Book2.author)
fmt.Printf( "Book 2 subject : %s\n", Book2.subject)
fmt.Printf( "Book 2 book_id : %d\n", Book2.book_id)
}
結構體作為函數參數
package main
import "fmt"
type Books struct {
title string
author string
subject string
book_id int
}
func main() {
var Book1 Books /* 聲明 Book1 為 Books 類型 */
var Book2 Books /* 聲明 Book2 為 Books 類型 */
/* book 1 描述 */
Book1.title = "Go 語言"
Book1.author = "www.runoob.com"
Book1.subject = "Go 語言教程"
Book1.book_id = 6495407
/* book 2 描述 */
Book2.title = "Python 教程"
Book2.author = "www.runoob.com"
Book2.subject = "Python 語言教程"
Book2.book_id = 6495700
/* 列印 Book1 資訊 */
printBook(Book1)
/* 列印 Book2 資訊 */
printBook(Book2)
}
func printBook( book Books ) {
fmt.Printf( "Book title : %s\n", book.title);
fmt.Printf( "Book author : %s\n", book.author);
fmt.Printf( "Book subject : %s\n", book.subject);
fmt.Printf( "Book book_id : %d\n", book.book_id);
}