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There are two kinds of balance in photography: formal and informal. Understanding both—and knowing how to them—is an important part of composition. Let’s dig in.
攝影有兩種平衡：正式和非正式。 既了解和知道如何給他們，是一個重要部分組成 。 讓我們深入。
Balance has been a part of composition since long before photography came along. It’s an integral part of most renaissance paintings. It’s also a slightly slippery concept. It relies on an idea called “visual weight” that is, in and of itself, a metaphor. The idea is that different objects in a scene all have different visual weight. People, brightly colored things, high-contrast objects, and unusual subjects, for example, all have high visual weight. Other things like large areas of space, sky, water, or ground, have low visual weight. The only way to get a handle on it is to see it in action and play around.
自攝影術問世以來，平衡一直是構圖的一部分。 這是大多數文藝複興時期繪畫的組成部分。 這也是一個有點滑的概念。 它依靠一個稱為“視覺重量”的想法，該想法本身就是一個隐喻。 想法是場景中的不同對象都具有不同的視覺權重。 例如，人，色彩鮮豔的物體，高對比度的物體和不尋常的物體都具有很高的視覺重量。 諸如大空間，天空，水或地面等其他區域的視覺重量也很低。 掌握它的唯一方法是在實際操作中觀察并玩轉。
正式或對稱平衡 (Formal or Symmetrical Balance)
Formal balance is symmetry. It’s where the frame is split in half, either vertically or horizontally, and both sides are given equal visual weight. Have a look at this portrait.
形式上的平衡是對稱的。 在這裡，架構被垂直或水準地分成兩半，并且兩側具有相同的視覺權重。 看這張畫像。
It’s essentially perfectly symmetrical along the vertical axis.
沿垂直軸基本上是完全對稱的。
Both sides of the image have equal visual weight. There is nothing that pulls our eyes to one side of the image or the other.
圖像的兩面均具有相同的視覺權重。 沒有什麼可以吸引我們将視線移到圖像的一側或另一側。
Here’s another portrait where, again, the model is central, so it’s pretty much symmetrical.
這是另一個肖像，模型再次位于中心，是以幾乎是對稱的。
And one more.
還有一個。
As you can see, formal balance can work well with portraits. It gives a sense of serenity, seriousness, and solidity. I deliberately used formal balance in the following shot of a Soviet statue in Transnistria because I wanted it to feel like it had stood for years—since it had.
如您所見，正式平衡可以很好地搭配人像。 它給人一種甯靜，認真和團結的感覺。 我在接下來的特涅斯特裡亞州蘇聯雕像的拍攝中故意使用形式上的平衡，因為我希望它看起來像它已經站立了很多年了。
Formal balance is pretty easy to grasp: put the subject in the center. So let’s move on to the trickier concept of informal balance.
形式上的平衡很容易掌握：将主題放在中心。 是以，讓我們繼續讨論非正式平衡這一棘手的概念。
非正式或不對稱的平衡 (Informal or Asymmetrical Balance)
Informal or symmetrical balance is where you balance the image by juxtaposing objects with similar visual weights rather than just balancing everything symmetrically. Let’s look at some examples.
非正式或對稱平衡是通過并置具有相似視覺權重的對象來平衡圖像，而不僅僅是對稱地平衡所有事物。 讓我們看一些例子。
In this photo, I have enough visual weight to balance the mountains and clouds nicely. You still get a sense of the scale, but the image doesn’t feel empty. People are visually very heavy so they can often balance a lot.
在這張照片中，我有足夠的視覺重量來很好地平衡山脈和雲層。 您仍然可以感覺到比例，但是圖像不會感到空白。 人們在視覺上非常沉重，是以經常可以保持平衡。
Here’s another similar idea. Will, the skier, is even smaller in the frame but is still balancing the huge mountain behind him.
這是另一個類似的想法。 滑雪者威爾的身材更小，但仍在平衡身後的那座大山。
Let’s look at this in reverse. Here’s an unbalanced shot. The castle is cool and interesting, but there’s not a lot going on in the photo otherwise.
讓我們反向看一下。 這是不平衡的鏡頭。 這座城堡既酷又有趣，但是在照片中沒有太多其他事情了。
A few moments later, a boat passed up the river. Now we’re onto something. The small moving boat is enough to balance the gigantic, ancient castle.
片刻後，一條船駛過河。 現在，我們開始做某事。 移動的小船足以平衡巨大的古老城堡。
You can also balance a single object that has large visual weight with lots of objects that have very little visual weight. Here, the stars in the sky balance the large Joshua trees. The smaller trees also balance the big tree.
您還可以使視覺重量很大的單個對象與視覺重量很小的許多對象保持平衡。 在這裡，天空中的星星平衡了約書亞樹。 較小的樹也平衡了大樹。
Perhaps the best example of asymmetrical balance comes not from photography, but art. Michelangelo’s The Creation of Adam is wonderfully balanced: Adam and the earth have the same visual weight as God and the choir of angels.
不對稱平衡的最好例子也許不是攝影，而是藝術。 米開朗基羅的《亞當的創造》完美地平衡了：亞當和大地的視覺分量與上帝和天使的合唱團相同。
動态影像不平衡 (Unbalanced or Dynamic Images)
Remember, balance is just one tool in your compositional toolbox. There’s also other stuff like leading lines, limited color palettes, and much more. This means that not all your images need to be balanced. Unbalanced images tend to have tension, dynamism, and a sense of activity.
請記住，平衡隻是組成工具箱中的一種工具。 還有其他東西，例如引線 ， 有限的調色闆 等等 。 這意味着并非所有圖像都需要平衡。 不平衡的圖像容易産生張力，動感和活躍感。
Just look at this photo. Will is jumping into a black abyss. This gives a sense of speed and drama to what he’s doing.
看看這張照片。 威爾正跳入一個黑色的深淵。 這給了他正在做什麼的速度感和戲劇性。
Or, take this shot of the Santa Monica Pier. Do the sky and sea balance the pier? Maybe, but I’d say probably not. Instead, we get this dynamic sunset shot of the pier thrusting out into the ocean.
或者，拍攝聖莫尼卡碼頭的照片。 天海平衡碼頭嗎？ 也許吧，但我可能不會。 取而代之的是，我們得到了駛入大海的碼頭的動态日落照片。
What it comes down to, for me, is what you’re trying to convey. If you want solidity and stability, go with a formally-balanced image. If you’re looking for something more dramatic that still has that balanced look, try some asymmetrically-balanced compositions. Or, if you want something tense and dynamic, go with an unbalanced image.
對我而言，這就是您要傳達的内容。 如果您需要堅固性和穩定性，則可以使用形式均衡的圖像。 如果您正在尋找更具戲劇性但又保持平衡的外觀，請嘗試一些不對稱平衡的構圖。 或者，如果您想要緊張和動态的東西，那就選擇不平衡的圖像。
Play around: whatever composition you go with might not work out, but you might end up with something wonderful! And at the very least, you’ll learn something along the way. There are very few rights or wrongs here.
随便玩：無論采用哪種構圖都可能無法奏效，但最終可能會得到一些很棒的東西！ 至少，您将在此過程中學到一些東西。 這裡很少有是非是非。
翻譯自: https://www.howtogeek.com/400934/how-to-use-a-balanced-composition-for-stronger-photos/
使用hector構圖