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Spring MVC源碼解析:基于Servlet手寫一個Spirng MVC

Spring MVC源碼解析:基于Servlet手寫一個Spirng MVC

Spring MVC執行流程

Spring MVC源碼解析:基于Servlet手寫一個Spirng MVC

Spirng MVC的執行流程是一個非常重要的知識點,它可以讓我們很清楚的了解Spring MVC是如何工作的,後面我們會通過源碼的方式整個流程以及涉及到的元件。再開始分析之前,我打算基于Servlet手寫一個Spirng MVC,這樣你就能明白大概的執行流程,不至于在看源碼的時候太暈。

定義注解

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Controller {
    String value() default "";
}      
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface RequestMapping {
    String value() default "";
}      

定義中央控制器

基本上所有的邏輯都在這個類中,主要流程如下

  1. 建立DispatcherServlet的時候,tomcat會調用init()方法,在裡面初始化url和對應的處理方法的映射關系
  2. 當有請求來的時候,從uriInvokeInfoMap中拿對應的方法,如果有對應的方法,反射調用方法,拿到頁面名字,拼接頁面位址,轉發到相應的頁面,否則傳回404
@WebServlet(urlPatterns="/", loadOnStartup = 1)
public class DispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet {

    // 儲存所有的handler
    private List<Object> beanList = new ArrayList<>();
    // 儲存 uri 和 handler 的映射關系
    private Map<String, HandlerMethod> uriHandlerMethodMap = new HashMap<>();

    private static final String SLASH = "/";

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String uri = req.getRequestURI();
        String contextPath = req.getContextPath();
        // 去掉項目路徑
        uri = uri.replace(contextPath, "");
        System.out.println(uri);
        if (uri == null) {
            return;
        }
        HandlerMethod handlerMethod = uriHandlerMethodMap.get(uri);
        if (handlerMethod == null) {
            resp.getWriter().write("404");
            return;
        }
        String pageName = (String)methodInvoke(handlerMethod.getBean(), handlerMethod.getMethod());
        viewResolver(pageName, req, resp);
    }

    // 視圖解析器
    public void viewResolver(String pageName, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String prefix = "/";
        String suffix = ".jsp";
        req.getRequestDispatcher(prefix + pageName + suffix).forward(req, resp);
    }

    // 反射執行方法
    private Object methodInvoke(Object object, Method method) {
        try {
            return method.invoke(object);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        // 擷取指定包下的Class對象
        List<Class<?>> classList = ClassUtil.getAllClassByPackageName("com.javashitang.controller");
        // 找到所有标注了@Controller的類
        findAllConrollerClass(classList);
        // 初始化 uri 和 handler 的映射關系
        handlerMapping();
    }


    public void findAllConrollerClass(List<Class<?>> list) {
        list.forEach(bean -> {
            // 将被@Controller注解修飾的類放到beanList
            if (bean.isAnnotationPresent(Controller.class)) {
                try {
                    beanList.add(bean.newInstance());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    // 根據url找到相應的處理類
    public void handlerMapping() {
        for (Object bean : beanList) {
            Class<? extends Object> classInfo = bean.getClass();
            // 擷取類上的@RequestMapping資訊
            RequestMapping beanRequestMapping = classInfo.getDeclaredAnnotation(RequestMapping.class);
            String baseUrl = beanRequestMapping != null ? beanRequestMapping.value() : "";
            Method[] methods = classInfo.getDeclaredMethods();
            for (Method method : methods) {
                System.out.println(method.getName());
                // 擷取方法上的@RequestMapping資訊
                RequestMapping methodRequestMapping = method.getDeclaredAnnotation(RequestMapping.class);
                if (methodRequestMapping != null) {
                    String requestUrl = SLASH + baseUrl + SLASH + methodRequestMapping.value();
                    // 為了處理@Controller和@RequestMapping value 中加了 / 字首的情況
                    requestUrl = requestUrl.replaceAll("/+", "/");
                    HandlerMethod handlerMethod = new HandlerMethod(bean, method);
                    uriHandlerMethodMap.put(requestUrl, handlerMethod);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}      

将方法及其對應的類做了一下封裝

public class HandlerMethod {

    private Object bean;
    private Method method;

    public HandlerMethod(Object bean, Method method) {
        this.bean = bean;
        this.method = method;
    }
}      

開始測試

@Controller
@RequestMapping("index")
public class IndexController {

    @RequestMapping("user")
    public String user() {
        return "user";
    }
}      

通路如下連接配接,頁面正常顯示

http://localhost:8080/show/index/user      
Spring MVC源碼解析:基于Servlet手寫一個Spirng MVC

參考部落格