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SpringCloudAlibaba學習-01-nacos學習(1)

nacos是什麼?

Nacos是一個更易于建構雲原生應用的動态服務發現、配置管理和服務管理平台。

使用Nacos元件可以作為微服務架構的注冊中心和配置中心，

可以簡單了解為可以代替Netflix解決方案中的Eureka元件和Spring Cloud Config元件。

主要功能:

  1. 注冊中心

    動态服務發現對以服務為中心的（例如微服務和雲原生）應用架構方式非常關鍵。

    Nacos支援DNS-Based和RPC-Based（Dubbo、gRPC）模式的服務發現。Nacos也提供實時健康檢查， 以防止将請求發往不健康的主機或服務執行個體。借助Nacos，您可以更容易地為您的服務實作斷路器。通過 Nacos Server 和 spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery 實作服務的注冊與發現

  2. 動态配置服務

    動态配置服務讓您能夠以中心化、外部化和動态化的方式管理所有環境的配置。動态配置消除了配置變更時重新部署應用和服務的需要。

    配置中心化管理讓實作無狀态服務更簡單，也讓按需彈性擴充服務更容易。

    通過 Nacos Server 和 spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config 實作配置的動态變更。

實作注冊中心功能代碼如下:

參考: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/101479065

架構是這樣的 至少需要nacos-server provider和consumer

SpringCloudAlibaba學習-01-nacos學習(1)
nacos單體架構:
使用nacos-docker安裝nacos-server
docker-compose.yml
           
version: "3.7" 
services:
    nacos_server:
        image: nacos/nacos-server 
        container_name: nacos-server
        ports: 
            - 8848:8848
        volumes:
            - ./standalone-logs/:/home/nacos/logs
            - ./init.d/custom.properties:/home/nacos/init.d/custom.properties
        environment:
            - PREFER_HOST_MODE=hostname
            - MODE=standalone

啟動後輸入通路 http://localhost:8848/nacos 賬号/密碼nacos/nacos

SpringCloudAlibaba學習-01-nacos學習(1)

建立: nacos-provider

pom檔案如下: 注意springboot的版本和spring-boot-dependencies的版本

<properties>
        <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring.cloud.version>
        <spring.boot.version>2.3.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
        <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.2.6.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
    </properties>
           
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.demo.springcloud_02_nacos_cluster</groupId>
    <artifactId>nacos-cluster-provider_1</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>nacos-cluster-private_1</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>


    <properties>
        <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring.cloud.version>
        <spring.boot.version>2.3.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
        <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.2.6.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.0</version>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--nacos注冊中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring-boot-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-cloud -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-cloud-alibaba -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

           
main 函數添加
@EnableDiscoveryClient  代碼如下
           
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosProviderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosProviderApplication.class, args);
    }
}

提供服務的代碼如下

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class EchoController {
    @GetMapping("/echo/{string}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String string) {
        return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + string;
    }
}

配置檔案如下

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #注冊中心位址
server:
  port: 8081

建立消費者nacos-consumer:

pom檔案如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.1</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.demo.springcloud_01_nacos_standalone</groupId>
    <artifactId>nacos-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>nacos-consumer</name>
    <description>nacos消費者</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.0</version>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--注冊中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring-boot-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.6.1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-cloud -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2021.0.0</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-cloud-alibaba -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

main函數代碼 添加 @EnableDiscoveryClient

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosConsumerApplication {
    @LoadBalanced
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

消費代碼:

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {

    private final RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    public ConsumerController(RestTemplate restTemplate) {this.restTemplate = restTemplate;}

    @GetMapping("/echo/{str}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String str) {
        System.out.println("入參: "+ str);
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://nacos-provider/echo/" + str, String.class);
    }
}

配置檔案yml

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #注冊中心位址

server:
  port: 8082

啟動nacos-provider 和 nacos-consumer

SpringCloudAlibaba學習-01-nacos學習(1)

通路: http://localhost:8082/echo/demo

SpringCloudAlibaba學習-01-nacos學習(1)

現在隻能說是一個最簡單demo,後面還有很多東西,比如叢集,鑒權,配置中心等

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