2048小遊戲
代碼
話不多說，代碼如下：
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<ctime>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class Game_2048
{
public:
Game_2048();
~Game_2048();
void introduction();
bool judgeOver(); //判斷遊戲是否結束
void reSize();
void printBoard(); //列印函數
void getRand(); //随機在棋盤上生成2，4；
void slide(); //滑動
private:
int m=4, n=4;
char op; //使用者操作
vector< vector<int> > board; //棋盤
vector<int> row;
bool judgeInsert(int x,int y);
bool judgeSlide(); //判斷是否能滑動，（未寫完）
void copyBoard(vector< vector<int> > &newBoard,vector< vector<int> > &board);
void inputOp();
char getOp(); //傳回操作符
bool judgeLeftSlide(bool mark=true);
void leftSlide(); //左滑動
bool judgeRightSlide(bool mark = true);
void rightSlide();
bool judgeUpSlide(bool mark = true);
void upSlide();
bool judgeDownSlide(bool mark = true);
void downSlide();
void reStart();
void enlarge(); //将值擴大二倍
};
int main()
{
Game_2048 NB;
NB.introduction();
NB.getRand();
NB.printBoard();
while (!NB.judgeOver())
{
NB.slide();
NB.getRand();
NB.printBoard();
}
cout << "遊戲結束！！！\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
void Game_2048::introduction()
{
cout << "這是一個2048遊戲,規則如下：\n";
cout << "上劃：W；\n下滑：S；\n左劃：A；\n右劃：D；\n退出：Q；\n重新開始：R；\n請輸入下次操作，\n";
}
void Game_2048::slide()
{
inputOp();
switch (getOp())
{
case 'a':
case 'A':
if (judgeLeftSlide())
do
leftSlide();
while (judgeLeftSlide(false));
else
{
cout << "無法左滑動，請重試！！！\n";
slide();
}
break;
case 'd':
case 'D':
if (judgeRightSlide())
do
rightSlide();
while (judgeRightSlide(false));
else
{
cout << "無法右滑動，請重試！！！\n";
slide();
}
break;
case 'w':
case 'W':
if(judgeUpSlide())
do
upSlide();
while (judgeUpSlide(false));
else
{
cout << "無法上滑動，請重試！！！\n";
slide();
}
break;
case 's':
case 'S':
if(judgeDownSlide())
do
downSlide();
while (judgeDownSlide(false));
else
{
cout << "無法下滑動，請重試！！！\n";
slide();
}
break;
case 'p':
case 'P':
enlarge();
break;
case 'q':
case 'Q':
exit(0);
break;
case 'r':
case 'R':
reStart();
break;
default:
cout << "輸入錯誤，作為懲罰，随機生成一個數！\n";
break;
}
}
void Game_2048::reStart()
{
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
void Game_2048::enlarge()
{
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
{
board[i][j] *= 2;
}
}
char Game_2048::getOp()
{
return op;
}
void Game_2048::upSlide()
{
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
for (int i = m - 1; i > 0; i--) { //n-1!!
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i - 1][j] == 0) //移動
{
board[i - 1][j] = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
for (int i = m - 1; i > 0; i--) {
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i-1][j] == board[i][j]) //覆寫
{
board[i-1][j] += board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
}
bool Game_2048::judgeUpSlide(bool mark)
{
if (mark)
{
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = n - 1; j > 0; j--)
{
if (board[i][j] == 0)
return true;
}
}
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
for (int i = m - 1; i > 0; i--) { //n-1!!
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i - 1][j] == 0) //移動
return true;
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i - 1][j] == board[i][j]) //覆寫
return true;
}
return false;
}
bool Game_2048::judgeDownSlide(bool mark)
{
if (mark) {
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = n - 1; j > 0; j--)
{
if (board[i][j] == 0)
return true;
}
}
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
for (int i = 0; i < m - 1; i++) { //n-1!!
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i + 1][j] == 0) //移動
return true;
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i + 1][j] == board[i][j]) //覆寫
return true;
}
return false;
}
void Game_2048::downSlide()
{
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
for (int i = 0; i < m - 1; i++) {
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i + 1][j] == 0) //移動
{
board[i + 1][j] = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
for (int i = 0; i < m - 1; i++) {
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i + 1][j] == board[i][j]) //覆寫
{
board[i + 1][j] += board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
}
void Game_2048::rightSlide()
{
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n - 1; j++) { //n-1!!
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j + 1] == 0) //移動
{
board[i][j + 1] = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n - 1; j++) {
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j + 1] == board[i][j]) //覆寫
{
board[i][j + 1] += board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
}
bool Game_2048::judgeRightSlide(bool mark )
{
if (mark) {
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = n - 1; j > 0; j--)
{
if (board[i][j] == 0)
return true;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n - 1; j++) { //n-1!!
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j + 1] == board[i][j]) //覆寫
return true;
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j + 1] == 0)
return true;
}
return false;
}
void Game_2048::leftSlide()
{
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 1; j < n; j++) { //n-1!!
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j - 1] == 0) //移動
{
board[i][j - 1] = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 1; j < n; j++) {
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j - 1] == board[i][j]) //覆寫
{
board[i][j - 1] += board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
}
bool Game_2048::judgeLeftSlide(bool mark)
{
if (mark) {
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = n - 1; j > 0; j--)
{
if (board[i][j] == 0)
return true;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = n - 1; j > 0; j--) { //n-1!!
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j - 1] == 0) //移動
return true;
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j - 1] == board[i][j]) //覆寫
return true;
}
return false;
}
bool Game_2048::judgeOver()
{
if (op == 'q' || op == 'Q')
return true;
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
if (board[i][j] == 2048)
{
printBoard();
cout << "有數字達到了2048，恭喜！！！\n";
return true;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
if (board[i][j] == 0)
return false;
}
if (judgeSlide())
return false;
else
{
cout << "無法再滑動\n";
return true;
}
}
bool Game_2048::judgeSlide()
{
vector< vector<int> > copyBoard; //棋盤
vector<int> copyRow;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
copyRow.push_back(0);
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
copyBoard.push_back(copyRow);
}
copyBoard = board;
upSlide();
downSlide();
leftSlide();
rightSlide();
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
{
if (board[i][j] == 0) {
board = copyBoard;
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
void Game_2048::copyBoard(vector< vector<int> >& newBoard, vector< vector<int> >& board)
{
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
newBoard[i][j] = board[i][j];
}
bool Game_2048::judgeInsert(int x,int y)
{
if (board[x][y] == 0)
return true;
else
return false;
}
void Game_2048::getRand()
{
srand(time(0));
int x, y,val;
do
{
x = rand() % m;
y = rand() % n;
} while (!judgeInsert(x,y));
val = (rand() % 2 + 1)*2;
board[x][y] = val;
}
void Game_2048::inputOp()
{
cin >> op;
}
void Game_2048::reSize()
{
cout << "請輸入棋盤大小m*n\n";
cin >> m >> n;
Game_2048();
}
Game_2048::~Game_2048()
{
}
Game_2048::Game_2048()
{
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){
row.push_back(0);
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++){
board.push_back(row);
}
}
void Game_2048::printBoard()
{
cout << "\n--------------\n";
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
cout << board[i][j];
if (j < n-1)
{
cout << "—";
}
if (j == n-1 && i < m-1)
{
cout << endl;
int count = 0;
while (count++ < n-1)
{
cout << "| ";
}
cout << "|" << endl;
}
}
}
cout << "\n--------------\n" ;
}
ps：樓主現在還是個C++小白，這個小遊戲寫了差不多有450行，感覺有點多，後續會嘗試删減一點。
設計思路
編譯器
目前部落客隻會c++的控制台程式，編譯器是vs2019；
2048類的聲明
遊戲很簡單，主要操作隻有上下左右滑動，數字也僅是儲存在一個4 × 4的一個二維向量中。遊戲類中公共部分主要有滑動，列印，判斷遊戲是否運作結束，擷取操作符的函數，而私有部分主要是上下左右的滑動函數以及判斷函數，另外聲明了一個預設4 × 4的向量（可以通過resize函數修改）。
列印函數的實作
void Game_2048::printBoard()
{
cout << "\n--------------\n";
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
cout << board[i][j];
if (j < n-1)
{
cout << "—";
}
if (j == n-1 && i < m-1)
{
cout << endl;
int count = 0;
while (count++ < n-1)
{
cout << "| ";
}
cout << "|" << endl;
}
}
}
cout << "\n--------------\n" ;
}
這部分挺簡單，實際上就是對一個二位向量的一個周遊（兩個for循環），稍微有點複雜的部分是“|”“-”的輸出，多想想就歐克了。
公共部分滑動函數slide的實作
代碼就不粘了，其實就是一個簡單的switch結構，根據使用者的輸入調用不同的函數。滑動case 有個do while結構，原因是私有部分的四 個滑動函數對棋盤上的數隻能滑 動一下（局限性），例如4-0-0-0，向右 滑動隻能滑成0-4-0-0，故使用do-while多次調用右劃函數。
judgeOver函數的實作
思路就是簡單的周遊，出現了2048，遊戲結束，還有0，遊戲未結束。但還有一種情況就是棋盤滿了，但是還能夠進行滑動，這種情況下就建立一個copy的棋盤（ps：當然不能在原棋盤上嘗試滑動），對這個copy的棋盤進行上下左右的滑動，如果出現了空位，則遊戲未結束。
私有滑動函數的實作
void Game_2048::rightSlide()
{
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n - 1; j++) { //n-1!!
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j + 1] == 0) //移動
{
board[i][j + 1] = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < n - 1; j++) {
if (board[i][j] != 0 && board[i][j + 1] == board[i][j]) //覆寫
{
board[i][j + 1] += board[i][j];
board[i][j] = 0;
}
}
}
還是很簡單，就是兩個周遊，一個移動，一個合并。
總結
部落客是一個程式設計小白，這個2048遊戲是部落客某一天晚上突發奇想，想編一個小遊戲，來試試自己的能力。設計思路一個晚上（ps：失眠的晚上）已經想的差不多了，第二天一早的三節課已經初步編編出來了，改bug差不都一個晚上（主要是那個do-while循環）。畢竟小白，效率很低。450行的代碼沒什麼亮點，也沒有算法。
但學習是一個漸進的過程，與諸君共勉！！！
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