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http://blog.csdn.net/javazejian/article/details/52247324
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關聯文章:
領略千變萬化的Android Drawable (一)
領略千變萬化的Android Drawable (二)
Android Drawable 相信大家都不陌生,本篇我們就來全面深入了解它,Drawable是一種可以在Canvas上進行繪制的抽象的圖像,它的子類也相當多,是以在開發中很容易導緻我們對不同Drawable的了解産生混亂,是以我們很有必要來全面了解一下Drawable的子類及其使用方式滴,哈~。
一、Drawable的簡述
Drawable在我們開發中常被用來作為View的背景圖像,一般情況下我們都是通過XML來定義Drawable的,當然我們也可以通過代碼建立Drawable,隻不過會比較複雜而已。Drawable最大的好處就是可以友善我們做出一些特殊的UI效果,這點比我們自定義View實作的效果來得更容易些。是以深入了解Drawable的用法還是很有必要的,接下來我們來看看Drawable的一些特性:
- 1、Drawable本身表示的隻是一種圖像的概念,是以Drawable不僅僅是圖檔,也可以是顔色構造出來的圖像效果(後面會說明)。
- 2、Drawable本身是一個抽象類,是以具體的實作都是由子類完成的,比如ShapeDrawable,BitmapDrawable等。
- 3、Drawable的内部寬高可以分别通過getIntrinsicWidth()和getIntrinsicHeight()擷取,但并不是所有的Drawable都有内部寬高的屬性,比如一個顔色形成的Drawable并沒有寬高的概念。在大多數情況下,Drawable并沒有大小的概念,因為當Drawable作為View的背景圖時,Drawable會被拉伸至View的同等大小。
二、千變萬化的Drawable
1、BitmapDrawable
BitmapDrawable 是對bitmap的一種包裝,可以設定它包裝的bitmap在BitmapDrawable區域内的繪制方式,如平鋪填充、拉伸填充或者保持圖檔原始大小,也可以在BitmapDrawable區域内部使用gravity指定的對齊方式。其文法如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">bitmap
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:src</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@[package:]drawable/drawable_resource"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:antialias</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:dither</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:filter</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:gravity</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["top"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">bottom</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">left</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">right</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">center_vertical</span>" |
"<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">fill_vertical</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">center_horizontal</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">fill_horizontal</span>" |
"<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">center</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">fill</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">clip_vertical</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">clip_horizontal</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:tileMode</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["disabled"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">clamp</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">repeat</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">mirror</span>"]
/></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>
我們分析一下這些屬性的含義:
android:src
類型:Drawable resource。必需。 引用一個drawable resource.
android:antialias
類型:Boolean。是否開啟抗鋸齒。開啟後圖檔會變得更平滑些,是以一般建議開啟,設定為true即可。
android:dither
類型:Boolean。是否允許抖動,如果位圖與螢幕的像素配置不同時,開啟這個選項可以讓高品質的圖檔在低品質的螢幕上保持較好的顯示效果(例如:一個位圖的像素設定是 ARGB 8888,但螢幕的設定是RGB 565,開啟這個選項可以是圖檔不過于失真)一般建議開啟,為true即可。
android:filter
類型:Boolean。是否允許對位圖進行濾波。當圖檔被壓縮或者拉伸時,使用濾波可以獲得平滑的外觀效果。一般建議開啟,為true即可
android:gravity
當圖檔小于容器尺寸時,設定此選項可以對圖檔經典定位,這個屬性比較多,不同選項可以使用‘|’來組合使用。
可選項 | 含義 |
---|---|
top | 将圖檔放在容器頂部,不改變圖檔大小 |
bottom | 将圖檔放在容器底部,不改變圖檔大小 |
left | 将圖檔放在容器左側,不改變圖檔大小 |
right | 将圖檔放在容器右側,不改變圖檔大小 |
center_vertical | 圖檔豎直居中,不改變圖檔大小 |
fill_vertical | 圖檔豎直方向填充容器 |
center_horizontal | 圖檔水準居中,不改變圖檔大小 |
fill_horizontal | 圖檔水準方向填充容器 |
center | 使圖檔在水準方向和豎直方向同時居中,不改變圖檔大小 |
fill | 圖檔填充容器,預設值 |
clip_vertical | 豎直方向剪切,很少使用 |
clip_horizontal | 水準方向剪切,很少使用 |
android:mipMap
紋理映射處理技術,不太懂,不過一般也不用,預設為false
android:tileMode
平鋪模式。共有以下幾個值
disabled :預設值,表示不使用平鋪
clamp :複制邊緣色彩
repeat :X、Y 軸進行重複圖檔顯示,也就是我們說要說的平鋪
mirror :在水準和垂直方向上使用交替鏡像的方式重複圖檔的繪制
三者差別如下圖:
BitmapDrawable的xml使用方式比較簡單,我們這裡就不貼案例了哈。接下來我們來看看在代碼中如何使用BitmapDrawable。
實際上我們從BitmapDrawable的源碼可以看出,目前Google建議我們建立BitmapDrawable的構造方法有3種
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">BitmapDrawable</span>(Resources res, Bitmap bitmap)
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">BitmapDrawable</span>(Resources res, String filepath)
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">BitmapDrawable</span>(Resources res, java.io.InputStream <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">is</span>)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
參數比較簡單,res就是我們通過getResource()擷取到的資源管理對象,bitmap就是我們需要用BitmapDrawable包裝的圖檔對象,filepath,需要包裝的圖檔所在路徑,is則是一個圖像流,需要轉換成 BitmapDrawable。但是在大多數情況下我們還是建議使用xml實作比較好,代碼實作我們不打算深究,我們這裡直接給出一個代碼應用案例:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">Bitmap mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.image1);
BitmapDrawable mBitmapDrawable = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> BitmapDrawable(getResources(),mBitmap);
mBitmapDrawable.setTileModeXY(TileMode.MIRROR, TileMode.MIRROR);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//平鋪方式</span>
mBitmapDrawable.setAntiAlias(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//抗鋸齒</span>
mBitmapDrawable.setDither(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//防抖動</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//設定到imageView上即可</span>
imageView.setImageDrawable(mBitmapDrawable);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
2、NinePatchDrawable
NinePatchDrawable表示的是我們熟悉的.9格式的圖檔,.9圖檔可以在保證圖檔不失真的情況下任意進行縮放,在實際的使用中我們也是通過Xml來實作即可:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">nine-patch</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:src</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"drawable/resource"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:dither</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"[true|false]"</span>/></span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
屬性和BitmapDrawable中屬性的含義相同,這裡不過多描述。一般情況下不建議代碼建立.9圖,因為Android雖然可以使用Java代碼建立NinePatchDrawable,但是極少情況會那麼做,這是因為由于Android SDK會在編譯工程時對點九圖檔進行編譯,形成特殊格式的圖檔。使用代碼建立NinePatchDrawable時隻能針對編譯過的點九圖檔資源,對于沒有編譯過的點九圖檔資源都當做BitmapDrawable對待。還有點需要特别注意的是,點九圖隻能适用于拉伸的情況,對于壓縮的情況并不适用,如果需要适配很多分辨率的螢幕時需要把點九圖做的小一點。
3、ShapeDrawable
ShapeDrawable對于Xml的shape标簽,在實際開發中我們經常将其作為背景圖檔使用,因為ShapeDrawable可以幫助我們通過顔色來構造圖檔,也可以構造漸變效果的圖檔,總之,ShapeDrawable足矣滿足我們大部分特殊需求下面我們說說其使用方法:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shape</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["rectangle"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">oval</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">line</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ring</span>"] ></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">corners
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:radius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:topLeftRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:topRightRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottomLeftRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottomRightRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">gradient
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:angle</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:centerX</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:centerY</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:centerColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:endColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"color"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:gradientRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:startColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"color"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["linear"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">radial</span>" | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">sweep</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:usesLevel</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"] /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">padding
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:left</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:top</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:right</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">size
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"color"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">stroke
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"color"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:dashWidth</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:dashGap</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li></ul>
從代碼中我們可以看出Shape的子元素包括、<gradient>、<padding>、<size>、<solid>、<stroke>,我們一個個分析。
android:shape
這個屬性表示圖像的形狀,可以是rectangle(矩形)、oval(橢圓)、line(橫線)、ring(圓環)。預設為rectangle。
這裡對于ring值還有幾個相關的屬性:
屬性 | 含義 |
---|---|
android:innerRadius | 圓環的半徑與android:innerRadiusRatio同時存在時,以android:innerRadius 為準 |
android:innerRadiusRatio | 内半徑占整個Drawable寬度的比例,預設值為9.如果為n,那麼半徑=寬度/n |
android:thickness | 圓環的厚度,即外半徑減去内半徑的大小與android:thicknessRatio同時存在時以android:thickness為準 |
android:thicknessRatio | 厚度占整個Drawable寬度比例,預設值為3,如果為n,那麼厚度=寬度/n |
android:useLevel | 一般都應該使用false,否則可能無法達到預期顯示效果,除非它被當做LevelListDrawable來使用。 |
<corners>
指定邊角的半徑,數值越大角越圓,數值越小越趨近于直角,參數為:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">corners
android:radius="integer"
android:topLeftRadius="integer"
android:topRightRadius="integer"
android:bottomLeftRadius="integer"
android:bottomRightRadius="integer"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
Android:radius直接指定4個角的半徑,另外4個屬性可以單獨設定4個角的角度.
<gradient>
設定顔色漸變與<solid>為互斥标簽,因為solid表示純色填充,而gradient表示漸變填充。
屬性 | 含義 |
---|---|
android:angle | 漸變的角度,預設為0,其值務必為45°的倍數,0表示從左到右,90表示從下到上。 |
android:centerX | 漸變中心點的橫坐标 |
android:centerY | 漸變的中心點的縱坐标,漸變中心點會影響漸變的具體效果。 |
android:startColor | 漸變的開始顔色 |
android:centerColor | 漸變的中間顔色 |
android:endColor | 漸變的結束顔色 |
android:gradientRadius | 漸變的半徑,當android:type=”radial”有效 |
android:useLevel | 一般為false |
android:type | 漸變類别,linear(線性)為預設值,radial(徑内漸變),sweep(掃描漸變) |
angle=0和angle=90的差別(都為線性漸變):
linear(線性)為預設值,radial(徑内漸變),sweep(掃描漸變)差別如下:
到這裡我們利用前面的介紹的知識點來實作一個環形進度圈的案例,我們将shape屬性設定為ring(圓環),然後再設定其内半徑以及環的厚度,并設定漸變色調,shape_drawable.xml代碼如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:innerRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"20dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shape</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"ring"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:thickness</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"8dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:useLevel</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"false"</span> ></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">gradient</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:angle</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:startColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@color/normal"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:centerColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#5027844F"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:endColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#fff"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:useLevel</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"false"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"sweep"</span>
/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li></ul>
效果如下:
接着,我們将該自定義環形圈設定給一個旋轉動畫,并利用該旋轉動畫自定義成一個環形進度圈的style,最後将該自定義的style指派給Progress元件。代碼如下:
自定義旋轉動畫progress_rotate.xml:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">rotate</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/shape_drawable"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:pivotX</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"50%"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:pivotY</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"50%"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:fromDegrees</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:toDegrees</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"360"</span>
></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">rotate</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
自定義Progress的style:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">style</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"CustomProgressStyle"</span> ></span><span class="css" style="box-sizing: border-box;">
<<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">item</span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">name</span>="<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">android</span><span class="hljs-pseudo" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">:indeterminateDrawable"</span>><span class="hljs-at_rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;">@<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">drawable/progress_rotate</item></span>
<item name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android:minWidth"</span>><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">72</span>dp</item>
<item name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android:maxWidth"</span>><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">72</span>dp</item>
<item name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android:minHeight"</span>><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">72</span>dp</item>
<item name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android:maxHeight"</span>><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">72</span>dp</item>
</span></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">style</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
應用到Progress元件
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">ProgressBar
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"100dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"100dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_centerInParent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">style</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@style/CustomProgressStyle"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:indeterminateDuration</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"700"</span>
/></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
效果如下:
<solid>
表示純色填充,通過android:color設定顔色即可。
<stroke>
描述邊框,屬性如下:
屬性 | 含義 |
---|---|
android:width | 描述邊框的寬度,數值越大,越邊框越厚 |
android:color | 邊框的顔色 |
android:dashWidth | 組成虛線的線段寬度 |
android:dashGap | 組成虛線的線段之間的間隔,間隔越大,虛線看起的間隙就越大 |
有點要明白的是android:dashWidth和android:dashGap有任意一個為0,則虛線無法預期顯示。
<padding>
表示内容或子标簽邊距,4個屬性top、bottom、left、right,需要注意的是這個标簽的作用是為内容設定與目前應用此shape的View的邊距,而不是設定目前View與父元素的邊距。
<size>
設定背景大小,width和height倆屬性。一般來說這個值不是shape的最終顯示大小,因為shape作為背景時會根據View的大小而填充其背景,是以Shape的大小很多時候是View的大小決定的。
到這裡,shapeDrawable的基本屬性我們都介紹完了,下面我們來實作一個比較常見的效果,我們在微信朋友圈點贊或者釋出評論時總會出現一個紅色帶數字的小圓圈提示,嗯,我們就來模仿一下這個效果的實作,首先我們必須把shape屬性設定為oval,并設定其純填充顔色為紅色,給一個臨時大小寬高大小相同(之是以稱為臨時大小,是因為其最終大小由使用的View決定的),這樣一個圓形背景圖就出現啦。代碼如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shape</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"oval"</span>
></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#D90E0E"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">size</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10dp"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
接着應用到我們的TextView屬性中
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"30dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"30dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_centerInParent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:gravity</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"center"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#fff"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"99"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/shape_circle_number"</span>
/></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
最終效果如下:
實際上在開發中我們經常會利用shapeDrawable來自定義出所需要的各種背景圖像或者顯示圖檔,同時也有益于減少對美工圖檔的依賴,另外一個好處通過自定義shapeDrawable圖檔會比美工圖檔的size小很多,這樣我們就能減少不必要的size,以減輕apk的size,可謂兩全其美,是以能用shapeDrawable定義圖像時,應該盡量使用它。
4、LayerDrawable
一個LayerDrawable是一個可以管理一組drawable對象的drawable。在LayerDrawable的drawable資源按照清單的順序繪制,清單的最後一個drawable繪制在最上層。LayerDrawable對于xml的标簽是<layer-list>其文法如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">layer-list
xmlns:android="http:</span>//<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">schemas.android.com</span>/<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">apk</span>/<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">res</span>/<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android</span>" ></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@[package:]drawable/drawable_resource"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@[+][package:]id/resource_name"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:top</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"dimension"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:right</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"dimension"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"dimension"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:left</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"dimension"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">layer-list</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>
一個layer-list可以包含多個item,而每個item則表示一個Drawable。下面我們來說明一下item的一些屬性
android:id
資源ID,一個為這個item定義的唯一的資源ID。 使用:”@+id/name”.這樣的方式。可以檢索或修改這個drawable通過下面的方式:View.findViewById() or Activity.findViewById().
android:top
Integer,Drawable相對于View的頂部的偏移量,機關像素
android:right
Integer,Drawable相對于View的右邊的偏移量,機關像素
android:bottom
Integer,Drawable相對于View的底部的偏移量,機關像素
android:left
Integer,Drawable相對于View的左邊的偏移量,機關像素
android:drawable
Drawable資源,可以引用已有的drawable資源,也可在item中自定義Drawable。預設情況下,layer-list中的Drawable都會被縮放至View的大小,是以在必要的情況下,我們可以使用android:gravity屬性來控制圖檔的展示效果,防止圖檔變形或者被過度拉伸。
下面我們來利用layer-list的疊層效果實作一個文本輸入框的底部橫線背景。
xml 代碼如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">layer-list</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shape</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"rectangle"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@color/colorAccent"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"6dp"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shape</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"rectangle"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#ffffff"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"2dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:left</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"2dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:right</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"2dp"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shape</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"rectangle"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#ffffff"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">layer-list</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul>
應用到EditText上的代碼:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">EditText</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"200dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_centerInParent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/layer_drawable"</span>
/></span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
上面代碼比較簡單,我們就不過的分析,接着我們再利用<layer-list>标簽來實作一個帶陰影的圓角矩形,layer_list_drawable_2.xml代碼如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">layer-list</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 灰色陰影 内容距離左邊2dp,距離頂部4dp--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:left</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"2dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:top</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"4dp"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@android:color/darker_gray"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">corners</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:radius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10dp"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 白色前景 内容距離底部4dp 右邊2dp--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"4dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:right</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"2dp"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#FFFFFF"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">corners</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:radius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10dp"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">layer-list</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li></ul>
效果如下:
當然我們也可以在代碼中實作這裡僅給出示例,不深究,還是建議采用xml的方式定義
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">Bitmap bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.image1);
Drawable[] drawables=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Drawable[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>];
drawables[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> BitmapDrawable(bitmap);
drawables[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>]=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> BitmapDrawable(bitmap);
drawables[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>]=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> BitmapDrawable(bitmap);
LayerDrawable layer=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> LayerDrawable(drawables);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//設定圖層邊界距離</span>
layer.setLayerInset(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);
layer.setLayerInset(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">40</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">40</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);
layer.setLayerInset(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">60</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">60</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);
ImageView imageView=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imgView);
imageView.setImageDrawable(layer);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>
這樣我們的帶陰影的圓角矩形就出來啦,可以将其作為其他View的背景使用,美工也就不用提供類似的圖了,到這裡我們應該已經體會帶巧用各種Drawable的威力了。
5、StateListDrawable
StateListDrawable對于xml的<selector>标簽,這個标簽可以說是我們最常用的标簽了,在開發中,有時候我們需要一個View在點選前顯示某種狀态,而在點選後又切換到另外一種狀态,這時我們就需要利用<selector>标簽來實作啦。如下案例,我們在點選輸入郵件位址前文本框底線是灰色,而在點選後文本框底線就變成藍色了,這也是<selector>标簽的應用之一。
StateListDrawable本身也是表示Drawable的集合,每個Drawable就對于View的一種狀态,如上面的灰色底線和藍色底線對應着View的兩種V不同時期的狀态,是以我們經常使用StateListDrawable來設定View的背景,以便在不同狀态下顯示不同的效果,進而獲得更優的使用者體驗。其主要文法如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">selector</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:constantSize</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:dither</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:variablePadding</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"] ></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@[package:]drawable/drawable_resource"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_pressed</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_focused</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_hovered</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_selected</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_checkable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_checked</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_enabled</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_activated</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"]
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_window_focused</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">["true"</span> | "<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">false</span>"] /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">selector</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li></ul>
item的屬性介紹如下:
屬性 | 含義 |
---|---|
android:drawable | 該狀态下要顯示的圖像,可以是Drawable也可以是圖檔 |
android:state_pressed | 表示是否處于被按下狀态 |
android:state_focused | 表示是否已得到焦點狀态 |
android:state_hovered | 表示光标是否停留在View的自身大小範圍内的狀态 |
android:state_selected | 表示是否處于被選中狀态 |
android:state_checkable | 表示是否處于可勾選狀态 |
android:state_checked | 表示是否處于已勾選狀态,一般用于CheckBox |
android:state_enabled | 表示是否處于可用狀态 |
android:state_active | 表示是否處于激活狀态 |
android:state_window_focused | 表示是否視窗已得到焦點狀态 |
selector标簽的屬性含義如下:
android:constantSize
StateListDrawable的固有大小是否随着其狀态改變而改變,因為在狀态改變後,StateListDrawable會切換到别的Drawable,而不同的Drawable其大小可能不一樣。true表示大小不變,這時其固有大小是内容所有Drawable的固有大小的最大值。false則會随着狀态改變而改變,預設值為false
android:variablePadding
表示 StateListDrawable的padding是否随狀态的改變而改變,預設值為false,一般建議設定為false就行。
android:dither
是否開啟抖動效果,開啟後可使高品質的圖檔在低品質的螢幕上仍然有較好的顯示效果,一般建議開啟,設定為true。
接下來我們來看一個例子,按鈕點選前後狀态改變。代碼如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">selector</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--擷取焦點狀态--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_focused</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@color/color_state"</span>
/></span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--按下狀态--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_pressed</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@color/color_state"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--預設狀态下--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@color/normal"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">selector</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li></ul>
接着應用到button上:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">Button
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:padding</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"8dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_centerInParent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"Selector_State"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#fff"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/selector_drawable"</span>
/></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
效果如下:
上面是通過顔色定義不同狀态下的顯示 效果,當然我們也可以利用shapeDrawable定義各種背景圖像然後應用到StateListDrawable中,下面我們定義兩個不同狀态下的圓角矩形,并應用到button上
shape_drawable_for_btn_normal.xml代碼如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shape</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"rectangle"</span>
></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@color/normal"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">corners</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:radius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"8dp"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
shape_drawable_for_btn_press.xml代碼如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shape</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"rectangle"</span>
></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@color/color_state"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">corners</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:radius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"8dp"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
selector_for_btn.xml代碼如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">selector</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--擷取焦點狀态--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_focused</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/shape_drawable_for_btn_press"</span>
/></span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--按下狀态--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:state_pressed</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/shape_drawable_for_btn_press"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--預設狀态下--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/shape_drawable_for_btn_normal"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">selector</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>
應用到button上
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">Button
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:padding</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"8dp"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_centerInParent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"Selector_State"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#fff"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/selector_for_btn"</span>
/></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
最終效果如下:
最後給出一個通過代碼實作的案例給大家參考(建議盡量使用xml定義,代碼定義比較複雜):
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** 設定Selector。 */</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> StateListDrawable <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">newSelector</span>(Context context, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> idNormal, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> idPressed, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> idFocused,
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> idUnable) {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//相當于<selector>标簽</span>
StateListDrawable bg = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> StateListDrawable();
Drawable normal = context.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.shape_drawable_for_btn_normal);
Drawable pressed = context.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.shape_drawable_for_btn_press);
Drawable focused =context.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.shape_drawable_for_btn_press);
Drawable unable = context.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.shape_drawable_for_btn_unable);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//設定每種狀态下的Drawable顯示</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// View.PRESSED_ENABLED_STATE_SET</span>
bg.addState(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>[] { android.R.attr.state_pressed, android.R.attr.state_enabled }, pressed);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// View.ENABLED_FOCUSED_STATE_SET</span>
bg.addState(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>[] { android.R.attr.state_enabled, android.R.attr.state_focused }, focused);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// View.ENABLED_STATE_SET</span>
bg.addState(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>[] { android.R.attr.state_enabled }, normal);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// View.FOCUSED_STATE_SET</span>
bg.addState(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>[] { android.R.attr.state_focused }, focused);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// View.WINDOW_FOCUSED_STATE_SET</span>
bg.addState(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>[] { android.R.attr.state_window_focused }, unable);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// View.EMPTY_STATE_SET</span>
bg.addState(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>[] {}, normal);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> bg;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>
6、LevelListDrawable
LevelListDrawable對應于<level-list>标簽,也表示一個Drawable的集合,但集合中的每個Drawable都一個等級。根據不同等級,LevelListDrawable會切換到相應的Drawable。文法如下:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">level-list
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> ></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item
</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/drawable_resource"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:maxLevel</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:minLevel</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"integer"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">level-list</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>
屬性說明如下:
屬性 | 含義 |
---|---|
android:drawable | 該等級下需要展示的圖檔 |
android:maxLevel | 該項所允許的最大level |
android:minLevel | 該項所允許的最小level |
實際上我們也很容易知道<level-list>标簽中的每個Item各表示一個Drawable,并有與之對應的等級,而等級則是由android:maxLevel和android:minLevel所決定的,其等級範圍是0-10000,最小為0,預設值,最大則為10000,還是一樣的做法,先來看一個案例:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">level-list</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/image4"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:maxLevel</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0"</span>
/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/image1"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:maxLevel</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"1"</span>
/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/image2"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:maxLevel</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"2"</span>
/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">item</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:drawable</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/image3"</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:maxLevel</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"3"</span>
/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">level-list</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul>
我們定義了4個item,等級分别為0,1,2,3,它們都有與之對應的Drawable,然後我們在java代碼中實作一個效果,每過2秒更好一個不同等級的圖檔,代碼如下:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.zejian.drawble;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Bundle;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Handler;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Message;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.widget.ImageView;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">MainActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AppCompatActivity</span> {</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> ImageView imageView;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> Handler handler = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Handler(){
<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">handleMessage</span>(Message msg) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(msg.what==<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>){
imageView.getDrawable().setLevel(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>);
}<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(msg.what==<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>){
imageView.getDrawable().setLevel(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>);
}<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(msg.what==<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>){
imageView.getDrawable().setLevel(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>);
}
}
};
<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
imageView=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.image);
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.level_list_drawable);
imageView.setImageLevel(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>;i<<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>;i++){
handler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(i,i*<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2000</span>);
}
}
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li></ul>
實作效果如下:
實際上我們還可以設定等級範圍,當等級在某個範圍内時去顯示對應範圍内的圖檔,這也是可以的。這個比較簡單,這裡就不示範了哈。
好~,時間不早了,哈~,先休息,剩下的下篇繼續,歡迎繼續關注~~
領略千變萬化的Android Drawable (一)
領略千變萬化的Android Drawable (二)
主要參考資料:
《android開發藝術探索》
《google android官網》