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Notification通知的使用執行個體

什麼是通知:
當某個程式希望向使用者發送一些提示資訊時,而該應用又不在前台運作,這時借助通知就可以輕松實作,當觸發通知時,狀态欄會顯示一個小圖示,下拉狀态欄就可以看到通知的詳細資訊了。
執行個體講解:
效果展現:
Notification通知的使用執行個體
代碼實作:(需要說明的是這個通知在Android8.0無法運作,我以後有時間會補充,我是在5.0中運作的)
1.修改activity_main.xml中的代碼,添加按鈕:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.notificationtest.MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/send_notification_btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="send notification" />

</LinearLayout>
           
2.修改MainActivity中的代碼,實作發送通知:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Button notifyBtn;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        notifyBtn = findViewById(R.id.send_notification_btn);
        //對發送通知的按鈕進行監聽
        notifyBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //建立NotificationManager對象
                NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
                //通過NotificationCompat.Builder()方法擷取Notification對象
                Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(MainActivity.this)
                        .setContentTitle("hello world")
                        .setContentText("i miss you ,you know?")
                        .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
                        //設定小圖示,就是點選通知按鈕後,狀态欄上的小白點
                        .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                        //下拉狀态欄後,看到的圖示
                        .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_launcher))
                        .build();
                //最後釋出通知
                /**
                 * Post a notification to be shown in the status bar. If a notification with
                 * the same id has already been posted by your application and has not yet been canceled, it
                 * will be replaced by the updated information.
                 *
                 * @param id An identifier for this notification unique within your
                 *        application.    設定ID,試你的通知唯一
                 * @param notification A {@link Notification} object describing what to show the user. Must not
                 *        be null.    第二個參數就是Notification對象
                 */
                manager.notify(,notification);
            }
        });
    }
}
           
over
但是,當我們點選這條通知時,并沒用任何反應,這和現實中不一樣,下面我們就來實作點選通知調轉到相應的頁面。

1.建立點選通知跳轉的頁面,然後需修改布局,讓你能看出實作調轉了:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.notificationtest.NotificationActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="this is notification"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:textSize="25sp"/>

</LinearLayout>
           
2.修改MainActivity中不分代碼:
........
     notifyBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //建立intent對象,表名intent的意圖
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,NotificationActivity.class);
                //建立PendingIntent對象,param1:目前環境,param2:通常0就行,param3:pendingIntent意圖,param4:pendingIntent意圖,一般填入0就行
                PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this,,intent,);
                //建立NotificationManager對象
                NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
                //通過NotificationCompat.Builder()方法擷取Notification對象
                Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(MainActivity.this)
                        ............
                        .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
                        //點選通知後自動取消
                        .setAutoCancel(true)
                        //實作跳轉
                        .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
                        .........
                        .build();
                //最後釋出通知
               ...........
            }
        });
    }
}
           

效果展現:

Notification通知的使用執行個體