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102. 二叉樹的層次周遊

給定一個二叉樹,傳回其按層次周遊的節點值。 (即逐層地,從左到右通路所有節點)。

例如:

給定二叉樹: [3,9,20,null,null,15,7],

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7
傳回其層次周遊結果:

[
  [3],
  [9,20],
  [15,7]
]
           

層序周遊指按層次的順序從根結點向下逐層進行周遊,且對同一層的節點為從左到右周遊。

基本思路:從根結點開始廣度優先搜尋

  • 将根結點root加入隊列
  • 取出隊首結點,通路它
  • 如果該結點有左孩子,将左孩子入隊。
  • 如果該結點有右孩子,将右孩子入隊
  • 傳回第二步,直到隊列為空
/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int>> levelOrder(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<vector<int>> res;
        if(root == NULL) {
            return res;
        }
        queue<TreeNode*> q;
        TreeNode* p;
        q.push(root);
        while(!q.empty()) {
            vector<int> temp;
            int width = q.size();
            for(int i = 0; i < width; i++) {
                p = q.front();
                temp.push_back(p->val);
                q.pop();
                if(p->left) {
                    q.push(p->left);
                }
                if(p->right) {
                    q.push(p->right);
                }
            }
            res.push_back(temp);
        }
        return res;
    }
};
           
/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int>> levelOrder(TreeNode* root) {
        queue<TreeNode*> q;
        vector<vector<int>> res;
        q.push(root);
        if(root==NULL){
            return res;
        }
        while(!q.empty()){
            queue<TreeNode*> qt;
            vector<int> v;
        while(!q.empty()){
            TreeNode* now = q.front();
            q.pop();
            v.push_back(now->val);
            if(now->left!=NULL){
                qt.push(now->left);
            }
            if(now->right!=NULL){
                qt.push(now->right);
            }
        }
              res.push_back(v);
            q = qt;
        }
        return res;
    }
};