Tomcat下部署兩個項目啟動失敗

今天在現場部署項目的時候遇到了一個問題。

我準備将兩個項目部署到同一個伺服器Tomcat下，啟動失敗，背景異常如下：

[Cloudup.ERROR] (CommonsLogger.java:38) Dispatcher initialization failed  2013-07-23 10:29:27,552 
Unable to load configuration. - [unknown location]
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:69)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:390)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:436)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:69)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:275)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:397)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:108)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3709)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4363)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:525)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:926)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:889)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:492)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1149)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:311)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
Caused by: Caught exception while loading file struts-default.xml - [unknown location]
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadConfigurationFiles(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:950)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadDocuments(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:155)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.init(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:122)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:179)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:66)
	... 31 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: org.apache.xerces.parsers.XIncludeAwareParserConfiguration cannot be cast to org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLParserConfiguration
	at org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser.<init>(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser.<init>(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.xerces.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.<init>(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.xerces.jaxp.DocumentBuilderFactoryImpl.newDocumentBuilder(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.SAX2DOM.createDocument(SAX2DOM.java:324)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.SAX2DOM.<init>(SAX2DOM.java:84)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.output.TransletOutputHandlerFactory.getSerializationHandler(TransletOutputHandlerFactory.java:187)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerImpl.getOutputHandler(TransformerImpl.java:392)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerHandlerImpl.setResult(TransformerHandlerImpl.java:137)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.DomHelper$DOMBuilder.setup(DomHelper.java:205)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.DomHelper$DOMBuilder.<init>(DomHelper.java:190)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.DomHelper$DOMBuilder.<init>(DomHelper.java:181)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.DomHelper$DOMBuilder.<init>(DomHelper.java:167)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.DomHelper.parse(DomHelper.java:107)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadConfigurationFiles(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:941)
	... 35 more
           

看異常資訊應該是伺服器内部錯誤，而且應該是jar包沖突之類的錯誤。之前也在同一個伺服器下部署過多個項目，沒遇到過該問題，這次不知道是怎麼了。後來查閱資料，從别人那兒得知是xercesImpl.jar這個包導緻的，将中其中一個應用中的xercesImpl.jar包删掉就可以了。我試了一下，确實正常啟動了。。。。

後來又看到有人說如果單純删掉xercesImpl.jar包，會導緻使用AJAX的程式報錯，需要将xercesImpl.jar包放到Tomcat的lib下，然後删除兩個應用中的xercesImpl.jar包。

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/xerces/xni/parser/XMLConfigurationException
org.ajax4jsf.webapp.ConfigurableXMLFilter$NekoParserConfig.createParser(ConfigurableXMLFilter.java:162)
org.ajax4jsf.webapp.ParserConfig.getParser(ParserConfig.java:49) 
org.ajax4jsf.webapp.ConfigurableXMLFilter.getParser(ConfigurableXMLFilter.java:130)
           

看作者的異常應該是用到了JSF和AJAX才導緻的，如果不用的話，我想應該隻删除掉其中一個應用中的xercesImpl.jar包就可以了。

至少我是這樣做的。

雖然解決了問題，但不知道具體原因，查詢無果！！！

Struts1生命終結

剛去Apache官方網站想下載下傳最新的Struts2以彌補前段時間爆出的Struts2安全漏洞，看到官方釋出消息說Struts1生命終結了，不再受支援了，内容如下：

一路走好！！！