添加新硬碟并分區格式化的詳細步驟

1.先用Fdisk －l 來檢視目前狀态下磁盤情況 或 lsblk

[root@linux1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/hda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/hda2 14 652 5132767 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/hdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4161 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes

Disk /dev/hdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

上面紅色辨別行可以看出，我添加了一塊新硬碟/dev/hdb，大小為2G，未分區格式化狀态

2.用Fdisk /dev/hdb來進行分區操作

[root@linux1 ~]# fdisk /dev/hdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4161.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n //輸入N表示建立一個分區

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p //p 表示建立一個原始分區

Partition number (1-4): 1 //1 表示此分區編号為1.

First cylinder (1-4161, default 1): 1 //1表示使用預設起始柱面号.如果要分多個區的話，先盤算好要多大，再輸入數字

Last cylinder or size or sizeM or sizeK (1-4161, default 4161): // 輸入: 回車 表示使用預設結束柱面号.即此分區使用整個硬碟空間

Using default value 4161

Command (m for help): w //儲存分區

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

3.再次檢視目前分區狀态：

[root@linux1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/hda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/hda2 14 652 5132767 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/hdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4161 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/hdb1 1 4161 2097112 83 Linux

可以看出，已經出來了一個/dev/hdb1的新分區。下一步将其格式化，再使用

4.用mkfs.ext4格式化新分區

[root@linux1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/hdb1

mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

262144 inodes, 524278 blocks

26213 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912

16 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

16384 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

5.挂載使用。

[root@linux1 ~]# mkdir /mnt/hdb1 //建立一個挂載點。

[root@linux1 ~]# mount -t ext4 /dev/hdb1 /mnt/hdb1 //挂載。

[root@linux1 ~]# df -h

檔案系統 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂載點

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

4.3G 3.6G 487M 89% /

/dev/hda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot

tmpfs 125M 0 125M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/hdb1 2.0G 3.0M 1.9G 1% /mnt/hdb1

6 .開機自動挂載

三.設定新硬碟開機自動挂載

#vim /etc/fstab 添加下面一行:

/dev/hdb1 /mnt/hdb1 ext4 defaults 1 2（如果還有一個分區就是1 3，以此類推)

這樣,每次開機後,系統會自動将/dev/hdb1挂載到/mnt/hdb1

這裡最好使用UUID進行挂載

#ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/ 檢視該分區的UUID

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 May 17 08:42 28cc8f0f-bd42-4ab9-b62a-c24a42cfddcb -> ../../hdb1

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Apr 18 05:42 5c330a93-fdfe-486f-b7a7-52b820fb6213 -> ../../sdb1

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Apr 18 05:41 d5700297-be02-4034-9e76-07aec5581082 -> ../../sda1

複制第一行，然後新增并粘貼剛複制的，修改UUID和最後兩個參數改為0

UUID=28cc8f0f-bd42-4ab9-b62a-c24a42cfddcb /mnt/hdb1 ext4 defaults 0 0