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RabbitMQ生産者消者費代碼案例 (Demo超詳細)

hello你好,我是辰兮,很高興你能來閱讀,本篇繼續分享消息隊列的實踐案例,分享給初學者,大家一起進步!

文章目錄

      • 一、文章序言
      • 二、代碼詳解

一、文章序言

整理幾篇消息隊列文章的初衷就是初學時網上很多案例很零碎,代碼也是,為了更好的便于初學者學習就将一個完整的案例整理下來,代碼完全真實可用,請自行實踐!

消息隊列

關于初次學習消息隊列我們一定要了解它的應用場景,為什麼使用?以及如何去使用?整理本篇文章為了分享給初學者給他提供一個詳細案例,如下代碼可以直接實踐!

RabbitMQ生産者消者費代碼案例 (Demo超詳細)

消息隊列最核心的三個點:解耦、異步、削峰。

參考文章:消息隊列作用(解耦、異步、削峰)圖詳解

消息隊列也設計到生産者,消費者原理可以簡單的了解一下

參考文章:生産者消費者問題-代碼詳解(Java多線程)

二、代碼詳解

生産者的相關代碼

/**
 * 編寫消息的生産者
 */
@Component
public class MsgProducer implements RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    //由于rabbitTemplate的scope屬性設定為ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE,是以不能自動注入
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    /**
     * 構造方法注入rabbitTemplate
     */
    @Autowired
    public MsgProducer(RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate) {
        this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
        rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(this); //rabbitTemplate如果為單例的話,那回調就是最後設定的内容
    }
     /**
     * 發送消息方法一個交換機配一個路由配一個隊列
     * @param content
     */
    public void sendMsg(String content) {
        CorrelationData correlationId = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        //把消息放入ROUTINGKEY_A對應的隊列當中去,對應的是隊列A
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_A, RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_A, content, correlationId);
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_B, RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_B, content, correlationId);
    }

    /**
     * 廣播模式
     * @param content
     */
    public void sendAll(String content) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("fanoutExchange","", content);
    }

    /**
     * 回調
     */
    @Override
    public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
        //logger.info(" 回調id:" + correlationData);
        if (ack) {
            logger.info("消息成功消費");
        } else {
            logger.info("消息消費失敗:" + cause);
        }
    }
}

           

關于Controller層的相關代碼

@RestController
public class SendController {

    @Autowired
    private MsgProducer msgProducer;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/send",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public void send(int length){
        for (int i=1;i<=length;i++){
            msgProducer.sendMsg("這是我發送的第"+i+"個資訊");
        }
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/sendAll",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public void sendAll(int length){
        for (int i=1;i<=length;i++){
            msgProducer.sendAll("這是我發送的第"+i+"個資訊");
        }
    }
}
           

消費者的相關代碼

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = RabbitConfig.QUEUE_A)
public class MsgReceiver_one {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String content) {
        logger.info("消費者one接收處理隊列A當中的消息: " + content);
    }
}

           

這兩個分别監聽隊列A和隊列B

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = RabbitConfig.QUEUE_B)
public class MsgReceiver_two {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String content) {
        logger.info("消費者two接收處理隊列A當中的消息: " + content);
    }
}

           

測試:在浏覽器輸入通路第一個路徑輸入相關參數

這裡第一個路徑是生産者分别發送給隊列A和B

RabbitMQ生産者消者費代碼案例 (Demo超詳細)

看到控制台列印相關資訊

RabbitMQ生産者消者費代碼案例 (Demo超詳細)

測試:在浏覽器輸入通路第二個路徑和輸入相關參數

這裡第二個路徑是以廣播的形式釋出都可以消費

RabbitMQ生産者消者費代碼案例 (Demo超詳細)

看到控制台列印相關資訊

RabbitMQ生産者消者費代碼案例 (Demo超詳細)

http://localhost:15672/#/queues

RabbitMQ生産者消者費代碼案例 (Demo超詳細)

項目配置檔案的相關資訊

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {

    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.host}")
    private String host;

    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.port}")
    private int port;

    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.username}")
    private String username;

    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.password}")
    private String password;

    public static final String FANOUT_EXCHANGE="fanoutExchange";

    //交換機
    public static final String EXCHANGE_A = "my-mq-exchange_A";
    public static final String EXCHANGE_B = "my-mq-exchange_B";
    public static final String EXCHANGE_C = "my-mq-exchange_C";
    //隊列
    public static final String QUEUE_A = "QUEUE_A";
    public static final String QUEUE_B = "QUEUE_B";
    public static final String QUEUE_C = "QUEUE_C";
    //路由關鍵字 key
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_A = "spring-boot-routingKey_A";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_B = "spring-boot-routingKey_B";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_C = "spring-boot-routingKey_C";

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory(host,port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
        //connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/test");
        connectionFactory.setPublisherConfirms(true);
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean
    @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
    //必須是prototype類型
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
        RabbitTemplate template = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory());
        return template;
    }

    /**
     * 針對消費者配置
     * 1. 設定交換機類型
     * 2. 将隊列綁定到交換機
     FanoutExchange: 将消息分發到所有的綁定隊列,無routingkey的概念
     HeadersExchange :通過添加屬性key-value比對
     DirectExchange:按照routingkey分發到指定隊列
     TopicExchange:多關鍵字比對
     */
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange defaultExchangeA() {
        return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_A);
    }

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange defaultExchangeB() {
        return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_B);
    }

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directExchangeC(){
        return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_C);
    }

    /**
     * 擷取隊列A
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue queueA() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_A, true); //隊列持久
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue queueB() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_B, true); //隊列持久
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue queueC() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_C, true); //隊列持久
    }

    /**
     * 隊列綁定交換機
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingA() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA()).to(defaultExchangeA()).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_A);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding bindingB(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueB()).to(defaultExchangeB()).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_B);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding bindingC(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueC()).to(directExchangeC()).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_C);
    }

    //配置fanout_exchange
    //fanout隻能支援統一廣播
    @Bean
    FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
        return new FanoutExchange(RabbitConfig.FANOUT_EXCHANGE);
    }

    //把所有的隊列都綁定到這個交換機上去
    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeA(FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA()).to(fanoutExchange);
    }
    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeB(FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueB()).to(fanoutExchange);
    }
    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeC(FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueC()).to(fanoutExchange);
    }
}
           

小結:

1.首先建立一個配置類 然後 建立隊列

2.建立生産者 生産者要用消息隊列的對象,然後傳遞你想傳遞的消息

3.建立控制層 填好路徑 ,建立生産者對象,然後發送資訊

4.消費者,填寫好消費隊列的名稱,監聽準備開始消費

The best investment is to invest in yourself.

RabbitMQ生産者消者費代碼案例 (Demo超詳細)

2020.10.07 希望你們奔赴在自己的熱愛裡!

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