文章目錄

1.libvirt介紹
2.解除安裝系統自帶的libvirt
- 2.1.檢視目前安裝的libvirt相關包
- 2.2.全部解除安裝掉
3.使用tar包編譯安裝
- 3.1.解壓縮
- 3.2.生成Makefile檔案
- 3.3.錯誤處理
- - - 錯誤1：需要安裝依賴關系：
    - 錯誤2
    - 錯誤3
    - 錯誤4
4.使用src.rpm包安裝
- 4.1.首先安裝rpm包
- 4.2.進入rpmbuild目錄執行spec檔案
- 4.3.逐一修複依賴關系
- 4.4.錯誤處理
- - 錯誤1.無法啟動虛拟機

1.libvirt介紹

Libvirt是用于管理虛拟化平台的開源的API，背景程式和管理工具。它可以用于管理KVM、Xen、VMware ESX，QEMU和其他虛拟化技術。網上有很多文章做介紹，這裡就不詳細介紹了。libvirt本身安裝過程沒有什麼難度，主要在于原生的centos會自帶一個版本的libvirt，同時，如果自行編譯的版本在安裝之前，沒有把發行版自帶的libvirt解除安裝幹淨，就會出現各種各樣的錯誤。筆者工作較忙，時間比較倉促，排版可能不太好看，請見諒。

2.解除安裝系統自帶的libvirt

2.1.檢視目前安裝的libvirt相關包

[[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# rpm -qa |grep libvirt

2.2.全部解除安裝掉

由于目前筆者的環境已經是解除安裝幹淨的，是以，此處不做示範了

[[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# yum remove `rpm -qa |grep libvirt`

3.使用tar包編譯安裝

3.1.解壓縮

[[email protected] home]# tar xvf libvirt-2.0.0.tar.xz

3.2.生成Makefile檔案

注意：如果./configure不帶任何參數，各種檔案會被安裝到諸如/usr/local，/var/local下面，這樣和原生安裝路徑不一緻，通常不要

這樣安裝1

./configure --prefix=/usr --localstatedir=/var  --sysconfdir=/etc --enable-debug=yes $ make $ sudo make install

3.3.錯誤處理

錯誤1：需要安裝依賴關系：

configure: error: You must install the pciaccess module to build with udev
    [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# yum install libpciaccess-devel
    configure: error: You must install the libyajl library & headers to compile libvirt
    [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# yum install yajl-devel
    configure: error: You must install device-mapper-devel/libdevmapper >= 1.0.0 to compile libvirt
    [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# yum install device-mapper-devel
    configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
    
    yum -y install libxml2-devel
    configure: error: libnl-devel >= 1.1 is required for macvtap support
    configure: error: You must install the pciaccess module to build with udev
    [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# yum install libpciaccess-devel
    configure: error: You must install the libyajl library & headers to compile libvirt
    [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# yum install yajl-devel
    configure: error: You must install device-mapper-devel/libdevmapper >= 1.0.0 to compile libvirt
    [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# yum install device-mapper-devel
    configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
    yum -y install libxml2-devel

錯誤2

沒有解除安裝系統自帶的，直接安裝的新的，但是版本一樣

#檢視服務狀态
        [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# systemctl status libvirtd
        ● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
        
           Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
           Active: inactive (dead) since Sun 2019-04-21 16:48:37 CST; 25s ago
             Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
                   http://libvirt.org
          Process: 79857 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/libvirtd $LIBVIRTD_ARGS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
        Main PID: 79857 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
           CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
                   ├─2705 /sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper
                   └─2706 /sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper
        
        Apr 21 16:48:36 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Virtualization daemon.
        Apr 21 16:48:36 localhost.localdomain libvirtd[79857]: libvirt version: 2.0.0, package: 10.el7 (CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>, 2016-11-12-02:15:12, c...entos.org)
        Apr 21 16:48:36 localhost.localdomain libvirtd[79857]: hostname: localhost.localdomain
        Apr 21 16:48:36 localhost.localdomain libvirtd[79857]: operation failed: network 'default' already exists with uuid 0c2459eb-2797-4a07-93af-6fb5857a6831
        Apr 21 16:48:37 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq[2705]: read /etc/hosts - 2 addresses
        Apr 21 16:48:37 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq[2705]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.addnhosts - 0 addresses
        Apr 21 16:48:37 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq-dhcp[2705]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.hostsfile
        Apr 21 16:48:37 localhost.localdomain libvirtd[79857]: internal error: failed to initialize netcf
        Apr 21 16:48:37 localhost.localdomain libvirtd[79857]: Initialization of netcf state driver failed: internal error: failed to initialize netcf
        Apr 21 16:48:37 localhost.localdomain libvirtd[79857]: Driver state initialization failed
        Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

處理方式，殺死殘餘程序

[[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# ps -ef|grep libvirt
        nobody     2705      1  0 12:20 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper
        root       2706   2705  0 12:20 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper
        root      79999   3730  0 16:52 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto libvirt
        [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# kill -9 2705
        [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# ps -ef|grep libvirt
        root      80016   3730  0 16:53 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto libvirt

libvirt可以正常工作，但是依然有報錯

Apr 21 16:53:45 localhost.localdomain libvirtd[80026]: operation failed: network 'default' already exists with uuid 0c2459eb-2797-4a07-93af-6fb5857a6831

#檢視libvirt網絡配置

[[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# virsh net-list --all 
    Name        State      Autostart     Persistent  
    --------------------------------------------------- 
    default      active     no                  no

#檢視網絡的xml

[[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# virsh net-dumpxml default

    <network>
      <name>default</name>
      <uuid>0c2459eb-2797-4a07-93af-6fb5857a6831</uuid>
      <forward mode='nat'>
        <nat>
          <port start='1024' end='65535'/>
        </nat>
      </forward>
      <bridge name='virbr0' stp='on' delay='0'/>
      <mac address='52:54:00:38:f8:e0'/>
      <ip address='192.168.122.1' netmask='255.255.255.0'>
        <dhcp>
          <range start='192.168.122.2' end='192.168.122.254'/>
        </dhcp>
      </ip>
    </network>

#删除該net之後重新開機libvirt程序遇到新問題

Apr 21 19:18:52 localhost.localdomain libvirtd[82476]: Initialization of netcf state driver failed: internal error: failed to initialize netcf

#關閉selinux之後，正常

[[email protected] ~]# setenforce 0

#網絡也重新生成了2

[[email protected] ~]# virsh net-list
        Name                 State      Autostart     Persistent
        ----------------------------------------------------------
        default              active     yes           yes

錯誤3

virsh: error while loading shared libraries: libvirt-lxc.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

這是因為動态庫更新了，沒有重新整理，需要重新整理一下

bash-4.2# ldconfig
    bash-4.2# virsh --version
    2.0.0

錯誤4

[[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# virsh list
    error: failed to connect to the hypervisor
    error: no valid connection
    error: Failed to connect socket to '/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock': No such file or directory

這是因為程序沒有啟動

[[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# systemctl start libvirtd
    [[email protected] libvirt-2.0.0]# systemctl status libvirtd
    ● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
       Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-05-15 10:28:31 EDT; 5s ago
         Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
               http://libvirt.org
     Main PID: 81685 (libvirtd)
       CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
               ├─81685 /usr/sbin/libvirtd
               ├─81825 /sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshe...
               └─81826 /sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshe...
    
    May 15 10:28:31 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Virtualization daemon.
    May 15 10:28:33 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq[81825]: started, version 2.76 cachesize 150
    May 15 10:28:33 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq[81825]: compile time options: IPv6 GNU-getopt DBus no-i18n IDN DHCP DHCPv6 no-Lua TFTP no...notify
    May 15 10:28:33 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq-dhcp[81825]: DHCP, IP range 192.168.122.2 -- 192.168.122.254, lease time 1h
    May 15 10:28:33 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq-dhcp[81825]: DHCP, sockets bound exclusively to interface virbr0
    May 15 10:28:33 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq[81825]: reading /etc/resolv.conf
    May 15 10:28:33 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq[81825]: using nameserver 192.168.233.2#53
    May 15 10:28:33 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq[81825]: read /etc/hosts - 2 addresses
    May 15 10:28:33 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq[81825]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.addnhosts - 0 addresses
    May 15 10:28:33 localhost.localdomain dnsmasq-dhcp[81825]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.hostsfile
    Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

4.使用src.rpm包安裝

由于筆者實驗環境不小心被破壞，為了以後再出問題可以更快的恢複編譯環境，選擇使用在chroot的jail裡面搭建一個編譯環境，友善備份和還原，但是使用這種方式， make完了之後，無法在宿主環境中make install，缺少很多東西，但是又不想在jail之外的環境安裝過多的依賴包，否則就違背了初衷，是以，決定嘗試用src.rpm包來編譯安裝（此處都是基于chroot環境在操作，普通環境操作方式一樣，除了yum install的路徑不同）

4.1.首先安裝rpm包

bash-4.2# rpm -i libvirt-2.0.0-1.fc23.src.rpm
warning: libvirt-2.0.0-1.fc23.src.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID de95bc1f: NOKEY
warning: user veillard does not exist - using root
warning: group veillard does not exist - using root
warning: user veillard does not exist - using root
warning: group veillard does not exist - using root

4.2.進入rpmbuild目錄執行spec檔案

bash-4.2# cd /root/rpmbuild/
bash-4.2# ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Aug 11 06:52 SOURCES
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Aug 11 06:52 SPECS
bash-4.2# rpmbuild -bp S
SOURCES/ SPECS/   
bash-4.2# rpmbuild -bp SPECS/libvirt.spec
error: Failed build dependencies:
    xhtml1-dtds is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    libxslt is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    readline-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    ncurses-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    libtasn1-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    gnutls-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    libattr-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    libblkid-devel >= 2.17 is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    augeas is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    sanlock-devel >= 2.4 is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    libpcap-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    libnl3-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    avahi-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    dnsmasq >= 2.41 is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    radvd is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    ebtables is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    cyrus-sasl-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    polkit-devel >= 0.112 is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    /usr/bin/qemu-img is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    iscsi-initiator-utils is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    parted-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    librados2-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    librbd1-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    glusterfs-api-devel >= 3.4.1 is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    glusterfs-devel >= 3.4.1 is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    libcap-ng-devel >= 0.5.0 is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    fuse-devel >= 2.8.6 is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    netcf-devel >= 0.2.2 is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    libcurl-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    audit-libs-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    systemtap-sdt-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    nfs-utils is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    dbus-devel is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    scrub is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64
    numad is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64

4.3.逐一修複依賴關系

yum --installroot=/home/user3/jail install -y xhtml1-dtds
yum --installroot=/home/user3/jail install -y  libxslt
yum --installroot=/home/user3/jail install -y readline-devel
yum --installroot=/home/user3/jail install -y libtasn1-devel
yum --installroot=/home/user3/jail install -y gnutls-devel
yum --installroot=/home/user3/jail install -y  libattr-devel
yum --installroot=/home/user3/jail install -y  libblkid-devel
yum --installroot=/home/user3/jail install -y augeas sanlock-devel sanlock
yum --installroot=/home/user3/jail install -y  libpcap-devel
...

最後再次嘗試，

bash-4.2# rpmbuild -bp SPECS/libvirt.spec
error: Failed build dependencies:
    /usr/bin/qemu-img is needed by libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64

隻剩下這一個，安裝了該檔案也無法解決，原因未知，是以查閱資料3,得知，這個不重要，是以可以修改spec檔案，注釋掉這個。

# From QEMU RPMs
# BuildRequires: /usr/bin/qemu-img

根據

./configure --prefix=/usr --localstatedir=/var  --sysconfdir=/etc --enable-debug=yes

在spec檔案configure處增加–enable-debug

執行編譯

bash-4.2# rpmbuild -bb SPECS/libvirt.spec

如果成功，則會生成

bash-4.2# ll RPMS/x86_64/
total 21284
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     2716 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  4380632 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-client-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   588380 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     3868 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-config-network-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     6356 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    47564 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-driver-interface-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   669320 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   202876 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-driver-network-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    46672 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-driver-nodedev-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    71392 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-driver-nwfilter-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   478708 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-driver-qemu-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    36804 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-driver-secret-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   233904 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     1984 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-kvm-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     1956 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-daemon-lxc-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10537260 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-debuginfo-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   152084 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-devel-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3781352 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-docs-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    52048 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-lock-sanlock-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   334884 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-login-shell-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   123980 Aug 11 07:47 libvirt-nss-2.0.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

然後安裝所有的rpm包

[[email protected] home]# rpm -i /home/user3/jail/root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/*

可能會提示缺包，yum安裝一下就行了

[[email protected] home]# yum  install -y augeas sanlock-devel sanlock

啟動libvirtd程序

[[email protected] home]# systemctl start libvirtd
[[email protected] home]# virsh list
Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------

[[email protected] home]# virsh -v
2.0.0

安裝成功，檢視libvirtd的路徑

[[email protected] home]# ps -ef|grep libvirtd
root      16193      1  0 16:04 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/libvirtd
root      16407  21296  0 16:07 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto libvirtd

經過測試，可以正常啟動虛拟機

4.4.錯誤處理

錯誤1.無法啟動虛拟機

[[email protected] user3]# virsh start vm_vbras_64
error: Failed to start domain vm_vbras_64
error: Failed to connect socket to '/var/run/libvirt/virtlogd-sock': Connection refused

可能是因為重裝之前有相關程序沒殺掉，這個東西具體做什麼的還沒有研究

[[email protected] user3]# ll /var/run/libvirt/virtlogd-sock
srw-rw-rw-. 1 root root 0 Aug 11 11:57 /var/run/libvirt/virtlogd-sock
[[email protected] user3]# systemctl stop libvirtd
[[email protected] user3]# rm /var/run/libvirt/virtlogd-sock
rm: remove socket ‘/var/run/libvirt/virtlogd-sock’? y
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/sbin/virtlogd --daemon
[[email protected] user3]# systemctl start libvirtd

再重新執行即可正常啟動虛拟機

更新日期：20190811，長期更新維護…

Linux下編譯安裝qemu和libvirt ↩︎
Networking ↩︎
Re: [PATCH 20/27] libvirt.spec.in: remove most storage conditionals ↩︎

centos7 libvirt2.0安裝1.libvirt介紹2.解除安裝系統自帶的libvirt3.使用tar包編譯安裝4.使用src.rpm包安裝

文章目錄

1.libvirt介紹

2.解除安裝系統自帶的libvirt

2.1.檢視目前安裝的libvirt相關包

2.2.全部解除安裝掉

3.使用tar包編譯安裝

3.1.解壓縮

3.2.生成Makefile檔案

3.3.錯誤處理

錯誤1：需要安裝依賴關系：

錯誤2

錯誤3

錯誤4

4.使用src.rpm包安裝

4.1.首先安裝rpm包

4.2.進入rpmbuild目錄執行spec檔案

4.3.逐一修複依賴關系

4.4.錯誤處理

錯誤1.無法啟動虛拟機

繼續閱讀

在Google Earth Engine（GEE）中利用人口資料進行分析

使用Learner Lab - 如何啟動、管理和監控Amazon EC2執行個體以及調整其大小。使用Learner Lab - 如何啟動、管理和監控Amazon EC2執行個體以及調整其大小。

2010年CIO面臨的五大迫在眉睫的任務

RAID磁盤陣列詳細介紹

我的微網誌生涯正式開始了！！！

高新技術企業有哪些稅收優惠政策？

2023年【申報高企】常見十大問題解答！

高企申請不能掉入的坑

系統內建資質取消後，偷偷崛起的ICSCE資質(資訊化能力和信用評價資質）前言一、ICSCE是什麼二、資訊化能力和信用評價的級别及證書有效期三、ICSCE的價值和意義四、資訊化能力和信用評價的申報基本條件

再談存儲-IOPS 計算方法

虛拟主機會影響到SEO嗎

解讀2008年網絡技術熱詞之雲計算

《eWEEK》：09年5大科技發展趨勢雲計算居首

雲計算面試題及答案，雲計算主要就業崗位

雲計算面試題——mysql/存儲引擎/備份

雲計算面試題——檔案/權限/分區/軟體包管理