這個系列分為5篇
1. @Component,@Service等注解是如何被解析的
2. @Enable驅動原理
3. @EnableAutoConfiguration處理邏輯
4. spring,springBoot事件
5.僅需四步,寫一個springboot starter
引言
隻要你用Springboot,一定會用到各種spring-boot-starter。其實寫一個spring-boot-starter
,僅需4步。下面我們就寫一個starter,它将實作,在日志中列印方法執行時間。
第一步 建立maven項目
在使用spring-boot-starter,會發現,有的項目名稱是 XX-spring-boot-starter,有的是
spring-boot-starter-XX,這個項目的名稱有什麼講究呢?
從springboot官方文檔摘錄如下:
Do not start your module names with spring-boot, even if you use a different Maven groupId. We may offer official support for the thing you auto-configure in the future.
As a rule of thumb, you should name a combined module after the starter.
從這段話可以看出spring-boot-starter命名的潛規則。
命名潛規則
spring-boot-starter-XX是springboot官方的starter
XX-spring-boot-starter是第三方擴充的starter
列印方法執行時間的功能,需要用到aop,咱們的項目就叫做
aspectlog-spring-boot-starter吧。
項目的pom檔案如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectlog-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.0.2</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.15.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
複制
關于spring-boot-configuration-processor的說明,引自springBoot官方文檔:
Spring Boot uses an annotation processor to collect the conditions on auto-configurations in a metadata file ( META-INF/spring-autoconfigure-metadata.properties ). If that file is present, it is used to eagerly filter auto-configurations that do not match, which will improve startup time. It is recommended to add the following dependency in a module that contains auto-configurations:
<dependency>
<groupId> org.springframework.boot </groupId>
<artifactId> spring-boot-autoconfigure-processor </artifactId>
<optional> true </optional>
</dependency>
簡單說就是 寫starter時,在pom中配置 spring-boot-autoconfigure-processor,
在編譯時會自動收集配置類的條件,寫到一個 META-INF/spring-autoconfigure-metadata.properties中。
第二步寫自動配置邏輯
各種condition
類型 | 注解 | 說明 |
---|---|---|
Class Conditions類條件注解 | @ConditionalOnClass | 目前classpath下有指定類才加載 |
@ConditionalOnMissingClass | 目前classpath下無指定類才加載 | |
Bean ConditionsBean條件注解 | @ConditionalOnBean | 當期容器内有指定bean才加載 |
@ConditionalOnMissingBean | 當期容器内無指定bean才加載 | |
Property Conditions環境變量條件注解(含配置檔案) | @ConditionalOnProperty | prefix 字首name 名稱havingValue 用于比對配置項值matchIfMissing 沒找指定配置項時的預設值 |
ResourceConditions 資源條件注解 | @ConditionalOnResource | 有指定資源才加載 |
Web Application Conditionsweb條件注解 | @ConditionalOnWebApplication | 是web才加載 |
@ConditionalOnNotWebApplication | 不是web才加載 | |
SpEL Expression Conditions | @ConditionalOnExpression | 符合SpEL 表達式才加載 |
本次我們就選用@ConditionalOnProperty。即配置檔案中有aspectLog.enable=true,才加載我們的配置類。
下面開始寫自動配置類
2.1.定義AspectLog注解,該注解用于标注需要列印執行時間的方法。
package com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* class_name: ScheduleManage
* describe: 用于控制定時任務的開啟與關閉
* 對應切面
* creat_user: wenl
* creat_time: 2018/11/10 18:45
**/
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface AspectLog {
}
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2.2定義配置檔案對應類
package com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
@ConfigurationProperties("aspectLog")
public class AspectLogProperties {
private boolean enable;
public boolean isEnable() {
return enable;
}
public void setEnable(boolean enable) {
this.enable = enable;
}
}
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2.3定義自動配置類
package com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;
import org.springframework.core.PriorityOrdered;
@Aspect
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(exposeProxy = true, proxyTargetClass = true)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "aspectLog", name = "enable",
havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
public class AspectLogAutoConfiguration implements PriorityOrdered {
protected Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Around("@annotation(com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog.AspectLog) ")
public Object isOpen(ProceedingJoinPoint thisJoinPoint)
throws Throwable {
//執行方法名稱
String taskName = thisJoinPoint.getSignature()
.toString().substring(
thisJoinPoint.getSignature()
.toString().indexOf(" "),
thisJoinPoint.getSignature().toString().indexOf("("));
taskName = taskName.trim();
long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
Object result = thisJoinPoint.proceed();
logger.info("method:{} run :{} ms", taskName,
(System.currentTimeMillis() - time));
return result;
}
@Override
public int getOrder() {
//保證事務等切面先執行
return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
}
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配置類簡要說明:
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "aspectLog", name = "enable",havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
當配置檔案有aspectLog.enable=true時開啟,如果配置檔案沒有設定aspectLog.enable也開啟。
第三步META-INF/spring.factories
META-INF/spring.factories是spring的工廠機制,在這個檔案中定義的類,都會被自動加載。多個配置使用逗号分割,換行用\
如果有興趣可以檢視這2篇blog:
2.@Enable驅動原理(設定連接配接)
3.@EnableAutoConfiguration處理邏輯(設定連接配接)
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog.AspectLogAutoConfiguration
複制
第四步打包測試
這是我們最終的目錄結構

在IDEA中,進行mvn intall
打包完成後,在其他項目中的pom中引入進行測試
參考資料
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.15.RELEASE/reference/html/boot-features-developing-auto-configuration.html#boot-features-custom-starter