一、擷取圖像并展示
# 擷取 picture_dir 下檔案的所有圖檔，并以24幀率顯示
import os
from itertools import cycle
filenames = os.listdir("picture_dir")
img_iter = cycle([cv2.imread(os.sep.join(["picture_dir",x])) for x in filenames])
key = 0
while key!=27:
cv2.imshow('picture_windows',next(img_iter))
key = cv2.waitKey(42)
二、标注小工具（代碼有問題）
"""
标注資訊格式如下:
('file_name',(121,232),(656,675)) # 依次：檔案名，左上角坐标，右下角坐标
"""
import os
import cv2
from tkinter.filedialog import askdirectory # python GUI
from tkinter.messagebox import askyesno
WINDOW_NAME = 'simple Bounding Box Labeling Tool' # 預設視窗名
FPS = 24 # 畫面幀率
SUPPOTED_FORMATS = ['jpg','jpeg','png'] # 支援圖像格式
DEFAULT_COLOR = {"Object":(255,0,0)} # 物體框顔色
COLOR_GRAY = (192,192,192) # 資訊顯示背景和未定義物體框顯示
BAR_HEIGHT = 16
# 上下左右，ESC，Delete鍵的cv2.waitKey() 函數傳回值
KEY_UP = 65362
KEY_DOWN = 65364
KEY_LEFT = 65361
KEY_RIGHT = 65363
KEY_ESC = 27
KEY_DELETE = 65535
KEY_EMPTY = 0 # 用于預設循環
get_bbox_name = '{}.bbox'.format
# 定義物體框标注工具類
class SimpleBBoxLabeling:
def __init__(self,data_dir,fps=FPS,window_name=None):
self._data_dir= data_dir
self.fps = fps
self.window_name = window_name if window_name else WINDOW_NAME
self._pt0 = None # 正在畫的左上角坐标
self._pt1 = None # 滑鼠所在坐标
self._drawing = False # 目前畫框狀态
self._cur_label = None # 目前标注物體名稱
self._bboxes = [] # 目前圖像對應的所有已标注框
# 如果有使用者自定義的标注資訊則讀取，否則使用預設物體和顔色
label_path = '{}.labels'.format(self._data_dir)
self.label_colors = DEFAULT_COLOR if not os.path.exists(label_path) else self.load_labels(label_path)
# 擷取已标注的檔案清單和還未标注的檔案清單(統一字尾名為小寫)
imagefiles = [x for x in os.listdir(self._data_dir) if x[x.rfind(".")+1:].lower() in SUPPOTED_FORMATS]
labeled = [x for x in imagefiles if os.path.exists(get_bbox_name(x))]
to_be_labeled = [x for x in imagefiles if x not in labeled]
# 每次打開一個檔案夾，自動從未标注的第一張開始
self._filelist = labeled+to_be_labeled
self._index = len(labeled)
if self._index > len(self._filelist)-1:
self._index = len(self._filelist)-1
# 滑鼠回調函數
def __mouse_ops(self,event,x,y,flags,param):
if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN: # 按下左鍵，左上角坐标開始畫框，drawing狀态為True
self._drawing = True
self._pt0 = (x,y)
elif event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP: # 松開左鍵，标記右下角坐标并儲存，drawing狀态為False
self._drawing = False
self._pt1 = (x,y)
self._bboxes.append((self._cur_label,self._pt0,self._pt1)) #添加标注資訊tuple
elif event == cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE: # 實時更新右下角坐标
self._pt1 = (x,y)
elif event == cv2.EVENT_RBUTTONUP: # 右擊删除畫好的框
if self._bboxes:
self._bboxes.pop()
# 清除所有标注框和目前狀态
def _clean_bbox(self):
self._pt0 = None
self._pt1= None
self._drawing = False
self._bboxes = []
# 定義标注框和目前資訊函數:在圖像下方多出 BAR_HEIGHT區域用于顯示檔案名和标注資訊
def _draw_bbox(self,img):
h,w = img.shape[:2]
canvas = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img,0,BAR_HEIGHT,0,0,cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT,value=COLOR_GRAY)
# 正在标注物體的資訊，若左鍵按下，則顯示兩個點坐标，否則顯示目前待标注物體的名稱
label_msg = '{}:{},{}'.format(self._cur_label,self._pt0,self._pt1) if self._drawing else 'Current label:{}'.format(self._cur_label)
# 顯示目前檔案名，檔案個數資訊
msg = '{}/{},{} | {}'.format(self._index+1,len(self._filelist),self._filelist[self._index],label_msg)
cv2.putText(canvas,msg,(1,h+12),cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,0.5,(0,0,0),1)
# 畫出已經标好的框和對應名字
for label,(bpt0,bpt1) in self._bboxes:
label_color = self.label_colors[label] if label in self.label_colors else COLOR_GRAY
cv2.rectangle(canvas,bpt0,bpt1,label_color,thickness=2)
cv2.putText(canvas,label,(bpt0[0]+3,bpt1[1]+15),0.5,label_color,2)
# 畫正在标注的框和對應名字
if self._drawing:
label_color = self.label_colors[self._cur_label] if self._cur_label in self.label_colors else COLOR_GRAY
if self._pt1[0] >= self._pt0[0] and self._pt1[1] >= self._pt0[1]:
cv2.rectangle(canvas,self._pt0,self._pt1,label_color,thickness=2)
cv2.putText(canvas,self._cur_label,(self._pt0[0]+3,self._pt0[1]+15),0.5,cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,0.5,label_color,2)
return canvas
# 利用repr() 函數導出标注框資料檔案
@staticmethod
def export_bbox(filepath,bboxes):
if bboxes:
with open (filepath,'w') as file:
for bbox in bboxes:
line = repr(bbox)+"\n"
file.write(line)
elif os.path.exists(filepath):
os.remove(filepath)
# 利用eval（) 函數讀取标注框字元串資料
@staticmethod
def load_bbox(filepath):
bboxes = []
with open(filepath ,"r") as file:
line = file.readline().rstrip()
while line:
bboxes.append(eval(line))
line = file.readline().rstrip()
return bboxes
# 利用eval（) 函數讀取物體及顔色資訊到資料
@staticmethod
def load_labels(filepath):
label_colors = []
with open(filepath ,"r") as file:
line = file.readline().rstrip()
while line:
label,color = eval(line)
label_colors[label] = color
line = file.readline().rstrip()
return label_colors
# 讀取圖像檔案和對應标注框資訊（如果有的話）
@staticmethod
def load_sample(filepath):
img = cv2.imread(filepath)
bbox_filepath = get_bbox_name(filepath)
bboxes = []
if os.path.exists(bbox_filepath):
bboxes = SimpleBBoxLabeling.load_bbox(bbox_filepath)
return img,bboxes
# 導出目前标注框資訊并清空
def _export_n_clean_bbox(self):
bbox_filepath = os.sep.join([self._data_dir,get_bbox_name(self._filelist[self._index])])
self.export_bbox(bbox_filepath,self._bboxes)
self._clean_bbox()
# 删除目前樣本和對應的标注資訊
def __delete_current_sample(self):
filename = self._filelist[self._index]
filepath = os.sep.join([self._data_dir,filename])
if os.path.exists(filepath):
os.remove(filepath)
filepath = get_bbox_name(filepath)
if os.path.exists(filepath):
os.remove(filepath)
self._filelist.pop(self._index)
print("{} is deleted!".format(filename))
# OpenCV 循環視窗：主程式
def start(self):
last_filename = '' # 最近标注檔案名，判斷是否執行圖像讀取
label_index = 0 # 标注物體索引
labels = self.label_colors.keys() # 所有标注物體名稱的清單
n_labels = len(labels) # 待标注物體種類數
# 定義視窗和滑鼠回調
cv2.namedWindow(self.window_name)
cv2.setMouseCallback(self.window_name,self.__mouse_ops)
key = KEY_EMPTY # 預設0
delay = int(1000/FPS) # 每次循環的持續時間
while key!=KEY_ESC: # 沒按下ESC，則持續循環
# 上下方向鍵用于選擇目前标注物體
if key == KEY_UP:
if label_index == 0:
pass
else:
label_index -=1
elif key ==KEY_DOWN:
if label_index == n_labels-1:
pass
else:
label_index += 1
# 左右方向鍵用于選擇目前标注物體:
elif key == KEY_LEFT:
if self._index > 0: # 首張圖檔無需清空上一張
self._export_n_clean_bbox()
self._index -=1
if self._index < 0:
self._index = 0
elif key ==KEY_RIGHT: # 末張圖檔無需清空上一張
if self._index < len(self._filelist)-1:
self._export_n_clean_bbox()
self._index +=1
if self._index > len(self._filelist) - 1:
self._index = len(self._filelist) -1
# 删除目前圖檔和對應的标注資訊
elif key == KEY_DELETE:
if askyesno("Delete Sample","Are you Sure?"):
self.__delete_current_sample()
key = KEY_EMPTY
continue
# 如果鍵盤操作執行了換圖檔，則重新讀取，更新圖檔
filename = self._filelist[self._index]
if filename != last_filename:
filepath = os.sep.join([self._data_dir,filename])
img,self._bboxes = self.load_sample(filepath)
# 更新目前标注物體名稱
self._cur_label = labels[label_index]
# 把标注和相關資訊畫在圖檔上并顯示指定時間
canvas = self._draw_bbox(img)
cv2.imshow(self.window_name,canvas)
key = cv2.waitKey(delay)
# 目前檔案名就是下次循環的老檔案名
last_filename = filename
print("finished!")
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
# 如果推出程式，需要對目前檔案進行儲存
self.export_bbox(os.sep.join([self._data_dir,get_bbox_name(filename)]),self._bboxes)
print("labels updatad!")
if __name__ == "__main__":
dir_with_images = askdirectory(title="where are the images?")
labeling_task = SimpleBBoxLabeling(dir_with_images)
labeling_task.start()
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