Webview 調用相冊相機失敗問題（包含android7.0 适配）

相信大家在網上肯定有很多文章關于webview 調用相冊相機失敗問題也有很多坑是以我就不一一類舉了，小樓也是踩了很多坑，總結了很多才告知給各位，希望大家少踩坑，這裡包括對android 7.0 的适配關于Android6.0動态權限管理适配我就沒有去寫出來了這個很簡單. 可以參考鴻洋大神寫的android 6.0動态權限申請部落格，非常詳細。

webview 調用系統相冊相機相信大家知道要重寫webcromeclient 方法，至于為什麼可以自行度娘，相信會有更完善的解釋，webcromeclient 主要是幫助webview 處理各種通知和請求事件的方法。

好了不多說

大家肯定知道在android7.0 之後檔案存儲的位置不再是以往那種很容易就能拿到,google 加強了這方面的安全機制，是以可以借助一個fileProvider類，我們可以用這個進行一種特殊的内容傳遞提供取到系統的某些檔案。

fileprovider 為android 四大元件之一，相信懂得人可以自行跳過不懂的小白還是老樣子度娘教你.（本人初涉1年多了也才剛懂這個，抽象）

貼代碼

如果你要做7.0适配的話，要使用fileprovider 元件，這個必須在清單檔案進行注冊的，首先要在你的項目res檔案目錄下添加一個xml檔案夾，然後建立一個檔案file-paths,如圖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <!--填寫你要所要申請通路的目錄位址，name最好是你的目錄名，path是你要申請的目錄-->
    <external-path name="camera_photos" path="."  />
    <external-path name="cache" path="Android/data/com.example.app2/cache" />
    <external-path name="images" path="Pictures/" />
    <external-path name="dcim" path="DCIM/" />
</paths>

再在清單檔案中添加

<provider
    android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
    android:authorities="com.example.app2.fileprovider"
    android:exported="false"
    android:grantUriPermissions="true">
    <meta-data
        android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
        android:resource="@xml/file_paths"/>
</provider>

注意 android:authorites = ""; 這裡填你自己項目的包名.fileprovider

包名清單檔案裡就有，以前我還看到有小白手打包名的

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.app2">

package 後面就是你自己項目的包名

這樣fileprovider 就準備好了，可以在項目中快樂的使用了

下面貼主要代碼

private Uri imageUri;

//自定義 WebChromeClient 輔助WebView處理圖檔上傳操作【<input type=file> 檔案上傳标簽】
public class MyChromeWebClient extends WebChromeClient {
    // For Android 3.0-
    public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {
        Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg)");
        mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
        take();


    }

    // For Android 3.0+
    public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType) {
        Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose( ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType )");
        mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
        take();

    }

    //For Android 4.1
    public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture) {
        Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture)");
        mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;

        take();

    }

    // For Android 5.0+
    public boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> filePathCallback, FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onShowFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture)");
        mUploadCallbackAboveL = filePathCallback;

        take();

        return true;
    }
}

private void take() {
    File imageStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "MyApp");        // Create the storage directory if it does not exist
    if (!imageStorageDir.exists()) {
        imageStorageDir.mkdirs();
    }
    File file = new File(imageStorageDir + File.separator + "IMG_" + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg");
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
        imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(AndroidBuildActivity.this, "com.example.app2.fileprovider", file);
    } else {
        imageUri = Uri.fromFile(file);
    }
    final List<Intent> cameraIntents = new ArrayList();
    final Intent captureIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
    final PackageManager packageManager = getPackageManager();
    final List<ResolveInfo> listCam = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(captureIntent, 0);
    for (ResolveInfo res : listCam) {
        final String packageName = res.activityInfo.packageName;
        final Intent i = new Intent(captureIntent);
        i.setComponent(new ComponentName(res.activityInfo.packageName, res.activityInfo.name));
        i.setPackage(packageName);
        i.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
        cameraIntents.add(i);

    }
    Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
    i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
    i.setType("image/*");
    Intent chooserIntent = Intent.createChooser(i, "Image Chooser");
    chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, cameraIntents.toArray(new Parcelable[]{}));
    AndroidBuildActivity.this.startActivityForResult(chooserIntent, FILE_CHOOSER_RESULT_CODE);
}

@SuppressWarnings("null")
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
private void onActivityResultAboveL(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    if (requestCode != FILE_CHOOSER_RESULT_CODE
            || mUploadCallbackAboveL == null) {
        return;
    }
    Uri[] results = null;
    if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
        if (data == null) {

            results = new Uri[]{imageUri};
        } else {
            String dataString = data.getDataString();
            ClipData clipData = data.getClipData();
            if (clipData != null) {
                results = new Uri[clipData.getItemCount()];
                for (int i = 0; i < clipData.getItemCount(); i++) {
                    ClipData.Item item = clipData.getItemAt(i);
                    results[i] = item.getUri();
                }
            }
            if (dataString != null)
                results = new Uri[]{Uri.parse(dataString)};
        }
    } else {
        mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(results);
        mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;
        return;

    }
    if (results != null) {
        mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(results);
        mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;
    } else {
        results = new Uri[]{imageUri};
        mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(results);
        mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;
    }
    return;
}

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    if (requestCode == FILE_CHOOSER_RESULT_CODE) {
        if (null == mUploadMessage && null == mUploadCallbackAboveL) return;
        Uri result = data == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : data.getData();
        if (mUploadCallbackAboveL != null) {
            onActivityResultAboveL(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        } else if (mUploadMessage != null) {
            if (result != null) {
                String path = getPath(getApplicationContext(),
                        result);
                Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(path));
                mUploadMessage
                        .onReceiveValue(uri);
            } else {
                mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(imageUri);
            }
            mUploadMessage = null;

        }
    }
}

@SuppressLint("NewApi")
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {
    final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
    // DocumentProvider
    if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
        // ExternalStorageProvider
        if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
            final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            final String[] split = docId.split(":");
            final String type = split[0];
            if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
            }                // TODO handle non-primary volumes
        } else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
            final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
            return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
        }
    }
    // MediaStore (and general)
    else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
        return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
    }
    // File
    else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
        return uri.getPath();
    }
    return null;
}

public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
    Cursor cursor = null;
    final String column = "_data";
    final String[] projection = {column};
    try {
        cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
        if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
            return cursor.getString(column_index);
        }
    } finally {
        if (cursor != null) cursor.close();
    }
    return null;
}

public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
 * @param uri The Uri to check.
 * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
 */
public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

這套代碼就可以完美解決webview 調用相機相冊失敗問題

File imageStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "MyApp");        // Create the storage directory if it does not exist
    if (!imageStorageDir.exists()) {
        imageStorageDir.mkdirs();
    }
    File file = new File(imageStorageDir + File.separator + "IMG_" + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg");
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
        imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(AndroidBuildActivity.this, "com.example.app2.fileprovider", file);
    } else {
        imageUri = Uri.fromFile(file);
    }

這裡就是适配android7.0 的判斷，android7.0 正好對應API=24

注意當不是7.0的話還是老樣子從之前的位置擷取檔案

imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(AndroidBuildActivity.this, "com.example.app2.fileprovider", file);

這句代碼就是使用fileprovier 擷取真實路徑位置，注意這邊的 “com.example.app2.fileprovider”要和你清單檔案裡面的一模一樣，要不然還是拿不到的。

在h5頁面要有這一行代碼

如果成功後圖檔将傳回到id= cameraInput這個位置

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