天天看點

Spring源碼分析:IOC容器初始化(二)前言finishBeanFactoryInitializationpreInstantiateSingletonsgetBeanfinishRefresh參考

原文釋出于: http://blog.ztgreat.cn/article/58

前言

在前面分析了Spring IOC的初始化過程的前半部分,今天分析一下初始化過程中一個非常重要的環節—初始化所有的 singleton beans

需要以下基礎内容:

Spring源碼分析:Spring IOC容器初始化(一)

Spring-BeanFactory源碼分析(一)

Spring-統一資源加載政策

Spring-BeanFactory源碼分析(二)

finishBeanFactoryInitialization

初始化 singleton beans 了,如果沒有設定懶加載,那麼 Spring 會在接下來初始化所有的 singleton beans。

bean的初始化過程如果要認真說的話那就很,很多地方就點到為止了,重點梳理重要的邏輯過程,其餘的可以自行專研。

放出源碼

AbstractApplicationContext

->

finishBeanFactoryInitialization

protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// 首先,初始化名字為 conversionService 的 Bean。這裡暫時不講
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
				beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
			beanFactory.setConversionService(
					beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
		}

		//不管
		if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
			beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
		}

        // 這是 AspectJ 相關的内容,先不管
		String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
		for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
			getBean(weaverAwareName);
		}
		// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

		// 當機 BeanDefinition,不再修改配置了
		beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

		// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
		// 開始初始化 單例bean
		beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
}
           

重點當然是

beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons()

,這個beanFactory是 DefaultListableBeanFactory 執行個體,現在我們又回到了DefaultListableBeanFactory 這個BeanFactory上了。

preInstantiateSingletons

放源碼

DefaultListableBeanFactory

->

preInstantiateSingletons

:

public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
		

		// this.beanDefinitionNames 儲存了所有的 beanNames
		List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

		// 觸發所有的非懶加載的 singleton beans 的初始化操作
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
		    // 合并父 Bean 中的配置,注意 <bean id="" class="" parent="" /> 中的 parent,用的不多
			RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
			// 非抽象、非懶加載的 singletons。如果配置了 'abstract = true',那是不需要初始化的
			if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
			    // 處理 FactoryBean
				if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
				    // FactoryBean 的話,在 beanName 前面加上 ‘&’ 符号。再調用 getBean
					Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
					if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
						final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
						boolean isEagerInit;
						// 判斷目前 FactoryBean 是否是 SmartFactoryBean 的實作,忽略算了
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
							isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
											((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
									getAccessControlContext());
						}
						else {
							isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
									((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
						}
						if (isEagerInit) {
							getBean(beanName);
						}
					}
				}
				else {
				    // 對于普通的 Bean,隻要調用 getBean(beanName) 這個方法就可以進行初始化了
					getBean(beanName);
				}
			}
		}

		// 到這裡說明所有的非懶加載的 singleton beans 已經完成了初始化
        // 如果我們定義的 bean 是實作了 SmartInitializingSingleton 接口的,那麼在這裡得到回調,忽略
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
			Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
			if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
				final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
				if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
					AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
						smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
						return null;
					}, getAccessControlContext());
				}
				else {
					smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
				}
			}
		}
}
           

很明顯,我們需要進入到 getBean(beanName) 方法了,這個方法我們也經常用來從 BeanFactory 中擷取一個 Bean,而初始化的過程也封裝到了這個方法裡,不過再之前呢,需要插播一下關于FactoryBean的資訊,在最開始分析BeanFactory的時候,也有簡單提到,這裡再提一下,如果讀者已經明白FactoryBean,那麼可以跳過這部分。

FactoryBean

public interface FactoryBean<T> {

	@Nullable
	T getObject() throws Exception;


	@Nullable
	Class<?> getObjectType();


	default boolean isSingleton() {
		return true;
	}

}
           

FactoryBean 其實很簡單,首先FactoryBean 是Bean,隻是這是一個非常特殊的Bean,這種特殊的bean會生産另一種bean, 對于普通的bean,通過BeanFactory 的 getBean方法可以擷取這個bean,而對于FactoryBean 來說,通過getBean 獲得的是 FactoryBean 生産的bean(實際會調用FactoryBean的

getObject

方法),而不是FactoryBean 本身,如果想要擷取FactoryBean 本身,那麼可以加

字首&

,那麼spring 就明白,原來你是需要FactoryBean 。這個可能會在後面AOP的部分,展開來講,這裡就先說這麼多了。

getBean

現在回到getBean 這上面來,代碼稍微有點長。

AbstractBeanFactory

->

getBean

:

@Override
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
	return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
           

doGetBean

protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, final Class<T> requiredType,
			final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
        // 擷取一個 标準的 beanName,處理兩種情況:
        //一個是前面說的 FactoryBean(前面帶 ‘&’),
        //如果指定的是别名,将别名轉換為規範的Bean名稱 
		final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
		Object bean;

		// 檢查下是不是已經存在了,如果已經建立了的單例bean,會放入Map 中
		Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
		// 但是如果 args 不為空的時候,那麼不管是否該bean已經存在都會重新建立
		if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
			
			// 下面這個方法:如果是普通 Bean 的話,直接傳回 sharedInstance,
      		// 如果是 FactoryBean 的話,傳回它建立的那個執行個體對象,調用FactoryBean的getObject 方法
            //這裡就不展開了
			bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
		}

		else {
			// 建立過了此 beanName 的 prototype 類型的 bean,那麼抛異常,
            // 往往是因為陷入了循環引用
			if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
				throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
			}

			// 檢查一下這個 BeanDefinition 在容器中是否存在
			BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
			if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
				// 如果目前容器不存在這個 BeanDefinition,看看父容器中有沒有
				String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
				if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
					return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
							nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
				}
				else if (args != null) {
					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
				}
				else {
					// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
					return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
				}
			}

			if (!typeCheckOnly) {
			    // typeCheckOnly 為 false,将目前 beanName 放入一個 alreadyCreated 的 Set 集合中,标記一下。
				markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
			}
			
			/*
             * 到這裡的話,要準備建立 Bean 了,
             * 對于 singleton 的 Bean 來說,容器中還沒建立過此 Bean;
             * 對于 prototype 的 Bean 來說,本來就是要建立一個新的 Bean。
             */

			try {
			    //根據指定Bean名稱擷取其父級的Bean定義,主要解決Bean繼承時子類  
                //合并父類公共屬性問題
				final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
				checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

				// 先初始化依賴的所有 Bean
				//檢查是不是有循環依賴,這裡的循環依賴和我們前面說的循環依賴又不一樣
				//這裡的依賴指的是 depends-on 中定義的依賴
				//depends-on用來表示一個Bean的執行個體化依靠另一個Bean先執行個體化。
				//如果在一個bean A上定義了depend-on B那麼就表示:A 執行個體化前先執行個體化 B。
				String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
				if (dependsOn != null) {
					for (String dep : dependsOn) {
						if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
									"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
						}
						// 注冊一下依賴關系
						registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
						try {
						    //遞歸調用getBean方法,擷取目前Bean的依賴Bean
							getBean(dep);
						}
						catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
									"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
						}
					}
				}

				 // 如果是 singleton scope 的,建立 singleton 的執行個體
				if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
					sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
						try {
							return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
						}
						catch (BeansException ex) {
							// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
							// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
							// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
							destroySingleton(beanName);
							throw ex;
						}
					});
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}
                // 如果是 prototype scope 的,建立 prototype 的執行個體
				else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
					// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
					Object prototypeInstance = null;
					try {
						beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
						prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
					}
					finally {
						afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
					}
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}

				else {
				
				    // 如果不是 singleton 和 prototype 的話,需要委托給相應的實作類來處理
					String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
					final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
					if (scope == null) {
						throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
					}
					try {
						Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
							//回調beforePrototypeCreation方法
							beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
							try {
								return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
							}
							finally {
							    //回調afterPrototypeCreation方法
								afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
							}
						});
						 //擷取給定Bean的執行個體對象
						bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
					}
					catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
						throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
								"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
								"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
								ex);
					}
				}
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
				throw ex;
			}
		}

		//對建立的Bean執行個體對象進行類型檢查
		if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
			try {
				T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
				if (convertedBean == null) {
					throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
				}
				return convertedBean;
			}
			catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
							ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
				}
				throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
			}
		}
		return (T) bean;
}
           

上面,我們可以看見在建立執行個體時做了判斷

  • 如果Bean定義的單态模式(Singleton),則容器在建立之前先從緩存中查找,以確定整個容器中隻存在一個執行個體對象
  • 如果Bean定義的是原型模式(Prototype),則容器每次都會建立一個新的執行個體對象。
  • 兩者都不是,則根據Bean定義資源中配置的生命周期範圍,選擇執行個體化Bean的合适方法,這種在Web應用程式中 比較常用,如:request、session、application等生命周期

通過上面的代碼基本上了解大概邏輯是不成問題的,接下來肯定就是分析

createBean

方法了。

這裡我們要接觸一個新的類了 AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory,通過類名我們知道,這個是處理

@Autowired 注解

的,在spring中經常混用了 xml 和 注解 兩種方式的配置方式。

createBean

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory

->

createBean

:

protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
		}
		RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;

		// 確定 BeanDefinition 中的 Class 被加載
		Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
		if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
			mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
			mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
		}

		// 準備方法覆寫,這裡又涉及到一個概念:MethodOverrides,
   		// 它來自于 bean 定義中的 <replaced-method />
   		//沒怎麼了解
		try {
			mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
					beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
		}

		try {
			// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
			//如果Bean配置了初始化前和初始化後的處理器,則試圖傳回一個代理對象
			Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
			if (bean != null) {
				return bean;
			}
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
		}

		try {
		    //建立 bean
			Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
			return beanInstance;
		}
		catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
		}
}
           

繼續看

doCreateBean

方法吧。

doCreateBean

protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		// Instantiate the bean.
		BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
		if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
		    //移除BeanWrapper緩存
			instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
		}
		if (instanceWrapper == null) {
		    //建立 BeanWrapper
			instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
		}
		//獲得bean 執行個體
		final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
		//擷取執行個體化對象的類型
		Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
		if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
			mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
		}

		// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
		//調用PostProcessor後置處理器
		synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
			if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
				try {
					applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
				}
				catch (Throwable ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
							"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
				}
				mbd.postProcessed = true;
			}
		}

		// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
		// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
		// 下面代碼是為了解決循環依賴的問題
		//循環依賴問題,下篇文章來描述和舉例,這裡就不說了
		//是以這裡如果不明白,那也沒關系,放一放
		boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
		//提前曝光bean		
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
		}

		// Initialize the bean instance.
		Object exposedObject = bean;
		try {
		    //執行個體化後,需要進行依賴注入
			populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
            // 這裡就是處理 bean 初始化完成後的各種回調,例如init-method 配置,BeanPostProcessor接口
			exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
				throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
			}
			else {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
			}
		}
  
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
		    //如果已經送出曝光了bean,那麼就從緩存中擷取bean
			Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
			if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
			    //根據名稱擷取的以注冊的Bean和正在執行個體化的Bean是同一個
				if (exposedObject == bean) {
					exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
				}
				else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
					String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
					Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
					for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
						if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
							actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
						}
					}
					if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
						throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
								"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
								StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
								"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
								"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
								"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
								"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Register bean as disposable.
		try {
			registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
		}

		return exposedObject;
}
           

到這裡,基本上簡單的分析了 doCreateBean 方法,整個bean就已經初始化完成了,這裡面有三個重點的方法(過程)

1、建立 Bean 執行個體(

createBeanInstance

) 方法,

2、依賴注入(

populateBean

) 方法,

3、一系列初始化或者回調(

initializeBean

)。

注意了,接下來的這三個方法要認真說那也是極其複雜的,很多地方我就點到為止了,感興趣的讀者可以自己往裡看,最好就是碰到不懂的,自己寫代碼去調試它。

createBeanInstance -建立 Bean 執行個體

protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
		// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
		Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);

        // 校驗 類的通路權限
		if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
		}

		Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
		if (instanceSupplier != null) {
			return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
		}

		if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null)  {
		    // 采用工廠方法執行個體化,配置 factory-method
			return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
		}

		// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
		// 如果不是第一次建立,比如第二次建立 prototype bean。
        // 這種情況下,我們可以從第一次建立知道,采用無參構造函數,還是構造函數依賴注入 來完成執行個體化
        // 這個可以通過代碼來測試,多次通過getbean(name)來擷取 prototype的bean
		boolean resolved = false;
		boolean autowireNecessary = false;
		if (args == null) {
			synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
				if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
					resolved = true;
					autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
				}
			}
		}
		if (resolved) {
			if (autowireNecessary) {
			    /配置了自動裝配屬性,使用容器的自動裝配執行個體化  
               //容器的自動裝配是根據參數類型比對Bean的構造方法
				return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
			}
			else {
			    //使用預設的無參構造方法執行個體化 
				return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
			}
		}

		// 判斷是否采用有參構造函數.
		Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
		if (ctors != null ||
				mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
				mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args))  {
			//使用容器的自動裝配特性,調用比對的構造方法執行個體化 
			return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
		}

		//使用預設的無參構造方法執行個體化
		return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
           

當然接下來看最簡單的無參構成函數建立執行個體咯

instantiateBean

protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
		try {
			Object beanInstance;
			final BeanFactory parent = this;
			if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
				beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () ->
						getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent),
						getAccessControlContext());
			}
			else {
			     //執行個體化
				beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
			}
			// 包裝一下
			BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
			//初始化BeanWrapper
			//會設定 conversionService,注冊customEditors
			initBeanWrapper(bw);
			return bw;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
		}
}
           

我們看到createBeanInstance方法和instantiateBean的傳回值是 BeanWrapper,那這個BeanWrapper到底是什麼?

BeanWrapper相當于一個代理器,Spring通過BeanWrapper完成Bean屬性的填充工作。

在Bean執行個體被InstantiationStrategy建立出來之後,容器将Bean執行個體通過BeanWrapper包裝起來。

BeanWrapper還有三個頂級類接口,分别是

PropertyAccessor

PropertyEditorRegistry

TypeConverter

。PropertyAccessor接口定義了各種通路Bean屬性的方法,如setPropertyValue(String,Object),setPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs)等,而PropertyEditorRegistry是屬性編輯器的系統資料庫。

TypeConverter 支援屬性值的類型轉換

是以BeanWrapper實作類BeanWrapperImpl具有了多重身份:

  • Bean包裹器;
  • 屬性通路器;
  • 屬性編輯器系統資料庫。
  • 屬性值的類型轉換

進入

beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);

看看

SimpleInstantiationStrategy

->

instantiate

:

public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
		
		// 如果不存在方法覆寫(replaced-method 配置),那就使用 java 反射進行執行個體化,否則使用 CGLIB,
		if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
			Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
			synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
				constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
				if (constructorToUse == null) {
					final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
					if (clazz.isInterface()) {
						throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
					}
					try {
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
							constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
									(PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
						}
						else {
							constructorToUse =	clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
						}
						bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
					}
					catch (Throwable ex) {
						throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
					}
				}
			}
			// 利用構造方法進行執行個體化
			return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
		}
		else {
			// Must generate CGLIB subclass.
			// 存在方法覆寫,利用 CGLIB 來完成執行個體化,需要依賴于 CGLIB 生成子類,這裡就不展開了。
			return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
		}
}
           

ok,到這裡bean的執行個體化就完成了,就不繼續跟進去了,完成執行個體化後,還有一個重要的任務就是依賴注入,這個也是一個麻煩事情。

populateBean - 依賴注入

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory

->

populateBean

protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
		if (bw == null) {
			if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
			}
			else {
				// Skip property population phase for null instance.
				return;
			}
		}

		// Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
		// state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
		// to support styles of field injection.
		boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;

		if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
			for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
			    //InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 在執行個體前和執行個體後進行回調處理
				if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
					InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
					//在設定屬性之前調用Bean的PostProcessor後置處理器 
					if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
						continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
			return;
		}
        // bean 執行個體的所有屬性
		PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);

		if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME ||
				mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
			MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);

			// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
			if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
			    // 通過名字找到所有屬性值,如果是 bean 依賴,先初始化依賴的 bean。記錄依賴關系
				autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
			}

			// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
			if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
			    // 通過類型裝配
				autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
			}

			pvs = newPvs;
		}
        //檢查容器是否持有用于處理單态模式Bean關閉時的後置處理器
		boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
		//Bean執行個體對象沒有依賴(此依賴是depends-on),即沒有繼承基類 
		boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != RootBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);

		if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {
			if (pvs == null) {
				pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
			}
			PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
			if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
				for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
				    //處理特殊的BeanPostProcessor
				    
					if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
						InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
						//使用BeanPostProcessor處理器處理屬性值  
						pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
						if (pvs == null) {
							return;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			if (needsDepCheck) {
			    //為要設定的屬性進行依賴檢查
				checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
			}
		}

		if (pvs != null) {
		    // 設定 bean 執行個體的屬性值
			applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
		}
}
           

繼續applyPropertyValues

applyPropertyValues

protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
		if (pvs.isEmpty()) {
			return;
		}

		if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
		    //設定安全上下文
			((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
		}

		MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
		List<PropertyValue> original;

		if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
			mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
			//屬性值已經轉換 
			if (mpvs.isConverted()) {
				// Shortcut: use the pre-converted values as-is.
				try {
				    //為執行個體化對象設定屬性值
					bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
					return;
				}
				catch (BeansException ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(
							mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
				}
			}
			//擷取屬性值對象的原始類型值
			original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
		}
		else {
			original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
		}
         //擷取使用者自定義的類型轉換 
		TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
		if (converter == null) {
			converter = bw;
		}
		//建立一個Bean定義屬性值解析器,将Bean定義中的屬性值解析為Bean執行個體對象 的實際值
		BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter);

		// Create a deep copy, resolving any references for values.
		List<PropertyValue> deepCopy = new ArrayList<>(original.size());
		boolean resolveNecessary = false;
		for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
		    //屬性值已經轉換
			if (pv.isConverted()) {
				deepCopy.add(pv);
			}
			else {//屬性值需要轉換
			    
				String propertyName = pv.getName();
				//原始的屬性值,即轉換之前的屬性值
				Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
				
				//轉換屬性值,例如将引用轉換為IoC容器中執行個體化對象引用
				//如果屬性值是其它bean,且沒有建立,那麼就會先去建立這個bean
				Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
				Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
				//屬性值是否可以轉換
				boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
						!PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
				if (convertible) {
				    //使用使用者自定義的類型轉換器轉換屬性值
					convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
				}
				
				//存儲轉換後的屬性值,避免每次屬性注入時的轉換工作
				if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
					if (convertible) {
						pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
					}
					deepCopy.add(pv);
				}
				else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
						!((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
						!(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
					pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
					deepCopy.add(pv);
				}
				else {
					resolveNecessary = true;
					deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
				}
			}
		}
		if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
		    //标記屬性值已經轉換過 
			mpvs.setConverted();
		}
		try {
		    //進行屬性依賴注入
			bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
		}
		catch (BeansException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
		}
}
           

從上面代碼可以看出屬性轉換分為了兩種情況

  • 屬性值類型不需要轉換時,不需要解析屬性值,直接準備進行依賴注入。
  • 屬性值需要進行類型轉換時,如對其他對象的引用等,首先需要解析屬性值,然後對解析後的屬性值進行依賴注入。

對屬性值的解析是在

BeanDefinitionValueResolver

類中的

resolveValueIfNecessary

方法中進行的,這裡就不再展開了,可以看到裡面對list,set,map類型的解析。

initializeBean

屬性注入完成後,就可以"初始化"bean了,這一步其實就是處理各種回調了。

protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
		if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
			AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
				invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
				return null;
			}, getAccessControlContext());
		}
		else {
		    // 如果 bean 實作了 BeanNameAware、BeanClassLoaderAware 或 BeanFactoryAware 接口,回調
			invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
		}

		Object wrappedBean = bean;
		if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
			wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
		}

		try {
		    // 處理 bean 中定義的 init-method,
            // 或者如果 bean 實作了 InitializingBean 接口,調用 afterPropertiesSet() 方法
			invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
					beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
		}
		if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
		    // BeanPostProcessor 的 postProcessAfterInitialization 回調
			wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
		}

		return wrappedBean;
}
           

這裡有個需要注意的地方,BeanPostProcessor 的兩個回調都發生在這邊,隻不過中間處理了 init-method。

到這裡Bean的初始化過程總算完成了,同時IOC的初始化過程也就差不多完成了,最後還有一步 finishRefresh。

finishRefresh

這個簡單多了,初始化一下lifecycle processor,釋出容器完成初始化事件。

protected void finishRefresh() {
  // Clear context-level resource caches (such as ASM metadata from scanning).
  clearResourceCaches();

  // Initialize lifecycle processor for this context.
  initLifecycleProcessor();

  // Propagate refresh to lifecycle processor first.
  getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();

  // Publish the final event.
  publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));

  // Participate in LiveBeansView MBean, if active.
  LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);
}
           

至此,SpringIOC 初始化過程就完成了,整個過程還是非常複雜的,裡面涉及到很多東西,隻是梳理了一下整個邏輯過程,對于一些細節的地方,在需要用的時候再進行分析。

參考

Spring IOC 容器源碼分析

Spring 技術内幕