原文发布于: http://blog.ztgreat.cn/article/58
前言
在前面分析了Spring IOC的初始化过程的前半部分,今天分析一下初始化过程中一个非常重要的环节—初始化所有的 singleton beans
需要以下基础内容:
Spring源码分析:Spring IOC容器初始化(一)
Spring-BeanFactory源码分析(一)
Spring-统一资源加载策略
Spring-BeanFactory源码分析(二)
finishBeanFactoryInitialization
初始化 singleton beans 了,如果没有设置懒加载,那么 Spring 会在接下来初始化所有的 singleton beans。
bean的初始化过程如果要认真说的话那就很,很多地方就点到为止了,重点梳理重要的逻辑过程,其余的可以自行专研。
放出源码
AbstractApplicationContext
->
finishBeanFactoryInitialization
:
protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// 首先,初始化名字为 conversionService 的 Bean。这里暂时不讲
if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
beanFactory.setConversionService(
beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
}
//不管
if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
}
// 这是 AspectJ 相关的内容,先不管
String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
getBean(weaverAwareName);
}
// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);
// 冻结 BeanDefinition,不再修改配置了
beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
// 开始初始化 单例bean
beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
}
重点当然是
beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons()
,这个beanFactory是 DefaultListableBeanFactory 实例,现在我们又回到了DefaultListableBeanFactory 这个BeanFactory上了。
preInstantiateSingletons
放源码
DefaultListableBeanFactory
->
preInstantiateSingletons
:
public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
// this.beanDefinitionNames 保存了所有的 beanNames
List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);
// 触发所有的非懒加载的 singleton beans 的初始化操作
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
// 合并父 Bean 中的配置,注意 <bean id="" class="" parent="" /> 中的 parent,用的不多
RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
// 非抽象、非懒加载的 singletons。如果配置了 'abstract = true',那是不需要初始化的
if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
// 处理 FactoryBean
if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
// FactoryBean 的话,在 beanName 前面加上 ‘&’ 符号。再调用 getBean
Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
boolean isEagerInit;
// 判断当前 FactoryBean 是否是 SmartFactoryBean 的实现,忽略算了
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
}
if (isEagerInit) {
getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
else {
// 对于普通的 Bean,只要调用 getBean(beanName) 这个方法就可以进行初始化了
getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
// 到这里说明所有的非懒加载的 singleton beans 已经完成了初始化
// 如果我们定义的 bean 是实现了 SmartInitializingSingleton 接口的,那么在这里得到回调,忽略
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
}
}
}
}
很明显,我们需要进入到 getBean(beanName) 方法了,这个方法我们也经常用来从 BeanFactory 中获取一个 Bean,而初始化的过程也封装到了这个方法里,不过再之前呢,需要插播一下关于FactoryBean的信息,在最开始分析BeanFactory的时候,也有简单提到,这里再提一下,如果读者已经明白FactoryBean,那么可以跳过这部分。
FactoryBean
public interface FactoryBean<T> {
@Nullable
T getObject() throws Exception;
@Nullable
Class<?> getObjectType();
default boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
}
FactoryBean 其实很简单,首先FactoryBean 是Bean,只是这是一个非常特殊的Bean,这种特殊的bean会生产另一种bean, 对于普通的bean,通过BeanFactory 的 getBean方法可以获取这个bean,而对于FactoryBean 来说,通过getBean 获得的是 FactoryBean 生产的bean(实际会调用FactoryBean的
getObject
方法),而不是FactoryBean 本身,如果想要获取FactoryBean 本身,那么可以加
前缀&
,那么spring 就明白,原来你是需要FactoryBean 。这个可能会在后面AOP的部分,展开来讲,这里就先说这么多了。
getBean
现在回到getBean 这上面来,代码稍微有点长。
AbstractBeanFactory
->
getBean
:
@Override
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
doGetBean
protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, final Class<T> requiredType,
final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
// 获取一个 标准的 beanName,处理两种情况:
//一个是前面说的 FactoryBean(前面带 ‘&’),
//如果指定的是别名,将别名转换为规范的Bean名称
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object bean;
// 检查下是不是已经存在了,如果已经创建了的单例bean,会放入Map 中
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
// 但是如果 args 不为空的时候,那么不管是否该bean已经存在都会重新创建
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
// 下面这个方法:如果是普通 Bean 的话,直接返回 sharedInstance,
// 如果是 FactoryBean 的话,返回它创建的那个实例对象,调用FactoryBean的getObject 方法
//这里就不展开了
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
else {
// 创建过了此 beanName 的 prototype 类型的 bean,那么抛异常,
// 往往是因为陷入了循环引用
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
// 检查一下这个 BeanDefinition 在容器中是否存在
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// 如果当前容器不存在这个 BeanDefinition,看看父容器中有没有
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
}
else if (args != null) {
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
}
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
// typeCheckOnly 为 false,将当前 beanName 放入一个 alreadyCreated 的 Set 集合中,标记一下。
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
/*
* 到这里的话,要准备创建 Bean 了,
* 对于 singleton 的 Bean 来说,容器中还没创建过此 Bean;
* 对于 prototype 的 Bean 来说,本来就是要创建一个新的 Bean。
*/
try {
//根据指定Bean名称获取其父级的Bean定义,主要解决Bean继承时子类
//合并父类公共属性问题
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
// 先初始化依赖的所有 Bean
//检查是不是有循环依赖,这里的循环依赖和我们前面说的循环依赖又不一样
//这里的依赖指的是 depends-on 中定义的依赖
//depends-on用来表示一个Bean的实例化依靠另一个Bean先实例化。
//如果在一个bean A上定义了depend-on B那么就表示:A 实例化前先实例化 B。
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dep : dependsOn) {
if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
}
// 注册一下依赖关系
registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
try {
//递归调用getBean方法,获取当前Bean的依赖Bean
getBean(dep);
}
catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
}
}
}
// 如果是 singleton scope 的,创建 singleton 的实例
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// 如果是 prototype scope 的,创建 prototype 的实例
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
else {
// 如果不是 singleton 和 prototype 的话,需要委托给相应的实现类来处理
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
//回调beforePrototypeCreation方法
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
//回调afterPrototypeCreation方法
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
});
//获取给定Bean的实例对象
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
ex);
}
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
//对创建的Bean实例对象进行类型检查
if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
try {
T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
if (convertedBean == null) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
return convertedBean;
}
catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
}
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
}
return (T) bean;
}
上面,我们可以看见在创建实例时做了判断
- 如果Bean定义的单态模式(Singleton),则容器在创建之前先从缓存中查找,以确保整个容器中只存在一个实例对象
- 如果Bean定义的是原型模式(Prototype),则容器每次都会创建一个新的实例对象。
- 两者都不是,则根据Bean定义资源中配置的生命周期范围,选择实例化Bean的合适方法,这种在Web应用程序中 比较常用,如:request、session、application等生命周期
通过上面的代码基本上理解大概逻辑是不成问题的,接下来肯定就是分析
createBean
方法了。
这里我们要接触一个新的类了 AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory,通过类名我们知道,这个是处理
@Autowired 注解
的,在spring中经常混用了 xml 和 注解 两种方式的配置方式。
createBean
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory
->
createBean
:
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
// 确保 BeanDefinition 中的 Class 被加载
Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
}
// 准备方法覆写,这里又涉及到一个概念:MethodOverrides,
// 它来自于 bean 定义中的 <replaced-method />
//没怎么了解
try {
mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
}
try {
// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
//如果Bean配置了初始化前和初始化后的处理器,则试图返回一个代理对象
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
try {
//创建 bean
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
return beanInstance;
}
catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
}
}
继续看
doCreateBean
方法吧。
doCreateBean
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
// Instantiate the bean.
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
//移除BeanWrapper缓存
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
//创建 BeanWrapper
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
//获得bean 实例
final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
//获取实例化对象的类型
Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
}
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
//调用PostProcessor后置处理器
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
try {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
}
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
// 下面代码是为了解决循环依赖的问题
//循环依赖问题,下篇文章来描述和举例,这里就不说了
//所以这里如果不明白,那也没关系,放一放
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
//提前曝光bean
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
}
// Initialize the bean instance.
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
//实例化后,需要进行依赖注入
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
// 这里就是处理 bean 初始化完成后的各种回调,例如init-method 配置,BeanPostProcessor接口
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
//如果已经提交曝光了bean,那么就从缓存中获取bean
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
//根据名称获取的以注册的Bean和正在实例化的Bean是同一个
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}
到这里,基本上简单的分析了 doCreateBean 方法,整个bean就已经初始化完成了,这里面有三个重点的方法(过程)
1、创建 Bean 实例(
createBeanInstance
) 方法,
2、依赖注入(
populateBean
) 方法,
3、一系列初始化或者回调(
initializeBean
)。
注意了,接下来的这三个方法要认真说那也是极其复杂的,很多地方我就点到为止了,感兴趣的读者可以自己往里看,最好就是碰到不懂的,自己写代码去调试它。
createBeanInstance -创建 Bean 实例
protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
// 校验 类的访问权限
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
if (instanceSupplier != null) {
return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
}
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
// 采用工厂方法实例化,配置 factory-method
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
// 如果不是第一次创建,比如第二次创建 prototype bean。
// 这种情况下,我们可以从第一次创建知道,采用无参构造函数,还是构造函数依赖注入 来完成实例化
// 这个可以通过代码来测试,多次通过getbean(name)来获取 prototype的bean
boolean resolved = false;
boolean autowireNecessary = false;
if (args == null) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
resolved = true;
autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
}
}
}
if (resolved) {
if (autowireNecessary) {
/配置了自动装配属性,使用容器的自动装配实例化
//容器的自动装配是根据参数类型匹配Bean的构造方法
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
//使用默认的无参构造方法实例化
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
}
// 判断是否采用有参构造函数.
Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
if (ctors != null ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
//使用容器的自动装配特性,调用匹配的构造方法实例化
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
}
//使用默认的无参构造方法实例化
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
当然接下来看最简单的无参构成函数创建实例咯
instantiateBean
protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
try {
Object beanInstance;
final BeanFactory parent = this;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () ->
getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent),
getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
//实例化
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
}
// 包装一下
BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
//初始化BeanWrapper
//会设置 conversionService,注册customEditors
initBeanWrapper(bw);
return bw;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
}
我们看到createBeanInstance方法和instantiateBean的返回值是 BeanWrapper,那这个BeanWrapper到底是什么?
BeanWrapper相当于一个代理器,Spring通过BeanWrapper完成Bean属性的填充工作。
在Bean实例被InstantiationStrategy创建出来之后,容器将Bean实例通过BeanWrapper包装起来。
BeanWrapper还有三个顶级类接口,分别是
PropertyAccessor
和
PropertyEditorRegistry
,
TypeConverter
。PropertyAccessor接口定义了各种访问Bean属性的方法,如setPropertyValue(String,Object),setPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs)等,而PropertyEditorRegistry是属性编辑器的注册表。
TypeConverter 支持属性值的类型转换
所以BeanWrapper实现类BeanWrapperImpl具有了多重身份:
- Bean包裹器;
- 属性访问器;
- 属性编辑器注册表。
- 属性值的类型转换
进入
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
看看
SimpleInstantiationStrategy
->
instantiate
:
public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
// 如果不存在方法覆写(replaced-method 配置),那就使用 java 反射进行实例化,否则使用 CGLIB,
if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
if (constructorToUse == null) {
final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
if (clazz.isInterface()) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
}
try {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
(PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
}
else {
constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
}
bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
}
}
}
// 利用构造方法进行实例化
return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
}
else {
// Must generate CGLIB subclass.
// 存在方法覆写,利用 CGLIB 来完成实例化,需要依赖于 CGLIB 生成子类,这里就不展开了。
return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
}
}
ok,到这里bean的实例化就完成了,就不继续跟进去了,完成实例化后,还有一个重要的任务就是依赖注入,这个也是一个麻烦事情。
populateBean - 依赖注入
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory
->
populateBean
protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
if (bw == null) {
if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
}
else {
// Skip property population phase for null instance.
return;
}
}
// Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
// state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
// to support styles of field injection.
boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
//InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 在实例前和实例后进行回调处理
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
//在设置属性之前调用Bean的PostProcessor后置处理器
if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
break;
}
}
}
}
if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
return;
}
// bean 实例的所有属性
PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
// 通过名字找到所有属性值,如果是 bean 依赖,先初始化依赖的 bean。记录依赖关系
autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
// 通过类型装配
autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
pvs = newPvs;
}
//检查容器是否持有用于处理单态模式Bean关闭时的后置处理器
boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
//Bean实例对象没有依赖(此依赖是depends-on),即没有继承基类
boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != RootBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);
if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {
if (pvs == null) {
pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
}
PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
//处理特殊的BeanPostProcessor
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
//使用BeanPostProcessor处理器处理属性值
pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
if (pvs == null) {
return;
}
}
}
}
if (needsDepCheck) {
//为要设置的属性进行依赖检查
checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
}
}
if (pvs != null) {
// 设置 bean 实例的属性值
applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
}
}
继续applyPropertyValues
applyPropertyValues
protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
if (pvs.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
//设置安全上下文
((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
}
MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
List<PropertyValue> original;
if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
//属性值已经转换
if (mpvs.isConverted()) {
// Shortcut: use the pre-converted values as-is.
try {
//为实例化对象设置属性值
bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
return;
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}
//获取属性值对象的原始类型值
original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
}
else {
original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
}
//获取用户自定义的类型转换
TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
if (converter == null) {
converter = bw;
}
//创建一个Bean定义属性值解析器,将Bean定义中的属性值解析为Bean实例对象 的实际值
BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter);
// Create a deep copy, resolving any references for values.
List<PropertyValue> deepCopy = new ArrayList<>(original.size());
boolean resolveNecessary = false;
for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
//属性值已经转换
if (pv.isConverted()) {
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else {//属性值需要转换
String propertyName = pv.getName();
//原始的属性值,即转换之前的属性值
Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
//转换属性值,例如将引用转换为IoC容器中实例化对象引用
//如果属性值是其它bean,且没有创建,那么就会先去创建这个bean
Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
//属性值是否可以转换
boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
!PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
if (convertible) {
//使用用户自定义的类型转换器转换属性值
convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
}
//存储转换后的属性值,避免每次属性注入时的转换工作
if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
if (convertible) {
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
}
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
!((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
!(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else {
resolveNecessary = true;
deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
}
}
}
if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
//标记属性值已经转换过
mpvs.setConverted();
}
try {
//进行属性依赖注入
bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}
从上面代码可以看出属性转换分为了两种情况
- 属性值类型不需要转换时,不需要解析属性值,直接准备进行依赖注入。
- 属性值需要进行类型转换时,如对其他对象的引用等,首先需要解析属性值,然后对解析后的属性值进行依赖注入。
对属性值的解析是在
BeanDefinitionValueResolver
类中的
resolveValueIfNecessary
方法中进行的,这里就不再展开了,可以看到里面对list,set,map类型的解析。
initializeBean
属性注入完成后,就可以"初始化"bean了,这一步其实就是处理各种回调了。
protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
// 如果 bean 实现了 BeanNameAware、BeanClassLoaderAware 或 BeanFactoryAware 接口,回调
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
}
Object wrappedBean = bean;
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
try {
// 处理 bean 中定义的 init-method,
// 或者如果 bean 实现了 InitializingBean 接口,调用 afterPropertiesSet() 方法
invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
}
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
// BeanPostProcessor 的 postProcessAfterInitialization 回调
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
return wrappedBean;
}
这里有个需要注意的地方,BeanPostProcessor 的两个回调都发生在这边,只不过中间处理了 init-method。
到这里Bean的初始化过程总算完成了,同时IOC的初始化过程也就差不多完成了,最后还有一步 finishRefresh。
finishRefresh
这个简单多了,初始化一下lifecycle processor,发布容器完成初始化事件。
protected void finishRefresh() {
// Clear context-level resource caches (such as ASM metadata from scanning).
clearResourceCaches();
// Initialize lifecycle processor for this context.
initLifecycleProcessor();
// Propagate refresh to lifecycle processor first.
getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();
// Publish the final event.
publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));
// Participate in LiveBeansView MBean, if active.
LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);
}
至此,SpringIOC 初始化过程就完成了,整个过程还是非常复杂的,里面涉及到很多东西,只是梳理了一下整个逻辑过程,对于一些细节的地方,在需要用的时候再进行分析。
参考
Spring IOC 容器源码分析
Spring 技术内幕