openfiler裡用到的linux指令parted,iscsi target,lvm

parted

随着單塊硬碟容量的增大和硬碟價格的下降，2TB的磁盤使用将很快會普及，由于傳統的MBR方式存儲分區表的方 式缺陷，将可能導緻很多分區工具不能正确地讀取大于2TB容量的硬碟而無法正常分區大容量硬碟。其實linux在很早就已經有相關的工具來化解這個困境 了，那就是parted。

parted是類似fdisk的指令行分區軟體，假設我們在linux系統中有一塊未分區的硬碟挂載為/dev/hdd，下面以執行個體的方式來講解如何使用 parted：

注意：parted的操作都是實時的，也就是說你執行了一個分區的指令，他就實實在在地分區了，而不是像fdisk那樣，需要執行w指令寫入所做的修改， 是以進行parted的測試千萬注意不能在生産環境中！！

标記：#開始表示在shell的root下輸入的指令，(parted)表示在parted中輸入的指令，其他為自動列印的信

iscsi target

http://wenku.baidu.com/view/b2c816ed856a561252d36ff1.html

LVM 轉自http://www.litvip.com/351/

删除硬碟的過程簡單如下：

從VG删除PV->删除PV->删除該硬碟上的LVM分區->拔掉硬碟

第一步，從VG删除PV

1.删除前，先确認要删除的PV所在的VG情況：

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[[email protected] test ~] # vgdisplay -v Finding all volume groups Finding volume group "VolGroup00" --- Volume group --- VG Name               VolGroup00 System ID Format                lvm2 Metadata Areas        2 Metadata Sequence No  7 VG Access             read /write VG Status             resizable MAX LV                0 Cur LV                2 Open LV               2 Max PV                0 Cur PV                2 Act PV                2 VG Size               390.53 GB PE Size               32.00 MB Total PE              12497 Alloc PE / Size       653 / 20.41 GB Free  PE / Size       11844 / 370.12 GB VG UUID               0UvEJz-rfLm-MVDb-20uW-JMCa-T14K-wCmyLO --- Logical volume --- LV Name                /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 VG Name                VolGroup00 LV UUID                fDHwa0-IUZV-no5O-RRJB-4N9o-U2MV-TAqucp LV Write Access        read /write LV Status              available # open                 1 LV Size                15.00 GB Current LE             480 Segments               1 Allocation             inherit Read ahead sectors     auto - currently set to     256 Block device           253:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Name                /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 VG Name                VolGroup00 LV UUID                cUjKA9-bI60-6R05-K0jS-MdXi-r26d-mfwU8X LV Write Access        read /write LV Status              available # open                 1 LV Size                5.41 GB Current LE             173 Segments               1 Allocation             inherit Read ahead sectors     auto - currently set to     256 Block device           253:1 --- Physical volumes --- PV Name               /dev/cciss/c0d0p3 PV UUID               6K7yBW-NuRf-3Quv-LU8U-6N1S-DmzG-ccCmbx PV Status             allocatable Total PE / Free PE    8122 / 7469 PV Name               /dev/cciss/c0d1p1 <--要從VG裡移除的PV PV UUID               TWzjBK-0N5x-1A6c-wht3-n4l1-7gFp-m24iy3 PV Status             allocatable Total PE / Free PE    4375 / 4375

可以看到VG名為VolGroup00的最後那一段PV名字是/dev/cciss/c0d1p1就是我要從VG裡删除的PV。

2.從VG删除PV

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1 2	[[email protected] test ~] #  vgreduce VolGroup00 /dev/cciss/c0d1p1 Removed "/dev/cciss/c0d1p1" from volume group "VolGroup00"

3.确認是否已經删除

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[[email protected] test ~] # vgdisplay -v VolGroup00 | grep "/dev/cciss/c0d1p1" Using volume group(s) on command line Finding volume group "VolGroup00"

可以看到，VolGroup00裡已經不包含名為/dev/cciss/c0d1p1的PV了。

第二步，删除PV

1.确認PV資訊：

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[[email protected] test ~] # pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name               /dev/cciss/c0d0p3 VG Name               VolGroup00 PV Size               253.82 GB / not usable 6.99 MB Allocatable           yes PE Size (KByte)       32768 Total PE              8122 Free PE               7469 Allocated PE          653 PV UUID               6K7yBW-NuRf-3Quv-LU8U-6N1S-DmzG-ccCmbx "/dev/cciss/c0d1p1" is a new physical volume of "136.73 GB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name               /dev/cciss/c0d1p1 <--我們要删除的PV VG Name PV Size               136.73 GB Allocatable           NO PE Size (KByte)       0 Total PE              0 Free PE               0 Allocated PE          0 PV UUID               TWzjBK-0N5x-1A6c-wht3-n4l1-7gFp-m24iy3

名為/dev/cciss/c0d1p1的就是我們要删除的PV。

2.删除PV

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1 2	[[email protected] test ~] # pvremove /dev/cciss/c0d1p1 Labels on physical volume "/dev/cciss/c0d1p1" successfully wiped

3.确認PV是否删除成功

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1 2	[[email protected] test ~] # pvdisplay | grep "/dev/cciss/c0d1p1" [[email protected] test ~] #

可見，已經删除成功。

第三步，删除該硬碟(/dev/cciss/c0d1)上的LVM分區(/dev/cciss/c0d1p1)

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[[email protected] test ~] # fdisk /dev/cciss/c0d1 The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 35139. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS /2 FDISK) Command (m for help): p <--顯示分區情況 Disk /dev/cciss/c0d1 : 146.8 GB, 146807930880 bytes 255 heads, 32 sectors /track , 35139 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8160 * 512 = 4177920 bytes Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/cciss/c0d1p1 1       35139   143367104   8e  Linux LVM Command (m for help): d <--删除分區 Selected partition 1 Command (m for help): p <--在顯示分區情況，發現已經沒了 Disk /dev/cciss/c0d1 : 146.8 GB, 146807930880 bytes 255 heads, 32 sectors /track , 35139 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8160 * 512 = 4177920 bytes Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System Command (m for help): w <--儲存退出 The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re- read partition table. Syncing disks.