目前，虛拟電廠已在大陸落地生根，《“十四五”現代能源體系規劃》中強調了虛拟電廠在電力輔助服務中的重要作用。能源專家們認為，該模式還有助于減少電力行業對化石能源的依賴。
A staff member introduces the concept of the virtual power plant to visitors at an AI conference in Shanghai, Aug 28, 2019. [Photo/VCG]
Construction of virtual power plants is on the rise in China as the country continues to move toward a more sustainable energy mix, with renewables taking up an increasing share.
随着中國繼續朝着更可持續的能源結構發展，可再生能源所占比例日益增大，虛拟電廠的建設正在中國興起。
A virtual power plant uses advanced technologies and software systems to collect data of electricity generated from distributed sources, such as rooftop solar power facilities, power storage systems and electric vehicles. Different from conventional power plants, virtual power plants do not generate electricity; instead, they manage the energy flow and optimize the supply of electricity.
虛拟電廠使用先進的技術和軟體系統來收集來自分布式來源的電力資料，例如屋頂太陽能發電設施、電力存儲系統和電動汽車。與傳統發電廠不同，虛拟電廠不發電，而是排程能量流并優化電力供應。
Fifteen virtual power plants in Shanxi province have completed construction. Their combined daily electricity output of 1.568 million kilowatt-hours could supply power to about 224,000 households a day during peak time, said State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co, a major builder of the plants.
山西省已建成15座虛拟電廠。國網山西省電力公司是虛拟電廠最主要、最重要的建設和參與方。該公司表示，在電力供應緊張時期，虛拟電廠每天可釋放出156.8萬千瓦時電量，可滿足22.4萬戶家庭的日用電需要。
The company said construction of virtual power plants is crucial for optimizing energy systems and ensuring the growing demand for clean, reliable and affordable power is met.
該公司表示，虛拟電廠的建設對于優化能源系統和確定滿足對清潔、可靠和負擔得起的電力日益增長的需求至關重要。
The construction followed Shanxi's launch of an action plan in June last year to regulate the building and operation of virtual power plants in case of power shortages after a large number of renewables connect to the grid.
去年6月，山西省出台《虛拟電廠建設與營運管理實施方案》，以防大量可再生能源并網後出現電力短缺。
Recently, China's first project on the research of industrial standards in the area of virtual power plants received approvals from the government, which will provide technical standards on the resource allocation and assessment of virtual power plants.
近日，中國首個虛拟電廠領域行業标準研究項目獲得政府批文，将為虛拟電廠資源配置和評估提供技術标準。
Last year, Shenzhen had established a regulation center for virtual power plants, the first of its kind in China. At present, Jiangsu province, Zhejiang province, Shanghai and other regions have implemented the practice of virtual power plants. They collect power mainly from energy storage facilities, charging piles and residential buildings, said a recent report from Sealand Securities.
去年，深圳成立了中國首個虛拟電廠監管中心。目前，江蘇、浙江、上海等省市陸續開展虛拟電廠試點工作。國海證券近日釋出的報告稱，虛拟電廠主要從儲能設施、充電樁和住宅建築中收集電力。
"The virtual power plants have become increasingly important as a supplement to conventional power plants to ensure the reliability and stability of energy supply, especially in renewable energy systems," said Lin Boqiang, head of the China Institute for Studies in Energy Policy at Xiamen University in Fujian province.
廈門大學中國能源政策研究院院長林伯強表示：“虛拟電廠作為傳統發電廠的補充，在確定能源供應的可靠性和穩定性方面變得越來越重要，尤其是在可再生能源系統中。”
"Virtual power plants, together with power storage systems, collect energy available from the user end, such as rooftop solar power facilities and supply them to other users in need, which makes them an important part in promoting low-carbon and energy-efficient development," Lin said.
林伯強說：“虛拟電廠與電力存儲系統一起，收集來自使用者端的能量，如屋頂太陽能設施，并将其供應給其他有需要的使用者，這使其成為促進低碳和節能發展的重要組成部分。”
In the past, fossil fuels like coal were often the only source of electricity. Power supply management was realized through grid operators' dispatch centers to meet demand. During peak hours, the centers would send signals to power generators, and the latter would burn additional coal to ramp up power generation.
在過去，煤炭等化石燃料通常是電力的唯一來源。通過電網營運商排程中心實作供電管理，滿足用電需求。在高峰時段，這些中心将向發電機發送信号，後者将燃燒更多煤炭來提高發電量。
However, as the focus of power generation gradually shifted toward renewable energy resources, such as solar and wind, problems emerged as these modalities are intermittent and not always available when needed, making it extremely difficult to manage power supply.
然而，随着發電的重點逐漸轉向光伏和風電等可再生能源，問題出現了，這些供電方式是間歇性的，并不是在需要時總是可用，這使得管理電力供應極其困難。
Under such circumstances, virtual power plants emerged as a supplement to conventional power plants in the task of allocating power generated from distributed sources in case demand surpasses supply.
在這種情況下，虛拟電廠作為傳統發電廠的補充，在需求大于供應的情況下，配置設定分布式的電源産生的電力。
Estimates from Huaxi Securities showed that by 2025, the market scale of investment and construction of virtual power plants will exceed 30 billion yuan.
據華西證券預計，到2025年，虛拟電廠投資建設市場規模将超過300億元。
來源：中國日報
編輯：yaning