Minikube 在 Centos 7 部署 Kubernetes

文章目錄

1. 安裝依賴 tools
2. 安裝 docker
3. 安裝 minikube
4. 安裝 kubectl
5. minikube 建立 kubernetes 叢集
6. 檢視

6.1 檢視叢集配置資訊
6.2 檢視叢集狀态
6.3 檢視 node
6.4 檢視 pod
6.5 檢視叢集資訊
6.6 檢視叢集ip
6.7 檢視插件

7. 常用操作

7.1 進入叢集節點
7.2 停止叢集
7.3 啟動叢集
7.4 删除叢集

8. 部署 dashboard
9. 部署 NGINX Ingress Controller

–

1. 安裝依賴 tools

配置linux yum 源

yum -y update
yum -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common conntrack

2. 安裝 docker

你可以根據docker官方尋找合适的安裝方式

配置docker-ce源

sudo yum install -y yum-utils
 sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

檢視docker-ce版本

yum list docker-ce  --showduplicates | sort -r

安裝

yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

配置加速器位址

mkdir -p /etc/docker
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
   "registry-mirrors": ["https://ckdhnbk9.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start  docker
systemctl enable  docker

檢視docker版本

$ docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.14
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.15
 Git commit:        a224086
 Built:             Thu Mar 24 01:49:57 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.14
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.15
  Git commit:       87a90dc
  Built:            Thu Mar 24 01:48:24 2022
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.5.11
  GitCommit:        3df54a852345ae127d1fa3092b95168e4a88e2f8
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.3
  GitCommit:        v1.0.3-0-gf46b6ba
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

3. 安裝 minikube

你可以根據官方安裝尋找适合自己的方式。

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64
sudo rpm -Uvh minikube-latest.x86_64.rpm

你可以使用阿裡雲源

curl -Lo minikube "https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64" && chmod +x minikube && sudo mv minikube /usr/local/bin/

檢視版本

$ minikube version
minikube version: v1.25.2
commit: 362d5fdc0a3dbee389b3d3f1034e8023e72bd3a7

4. 安裝 kubectl

在kubernetes官方尋找kubectl安裝方式尋找國内合适的kubernetes yum源

yum -y install kubectl

檢視版本

$ kubectl version --client -o json
{
  "clientVersion": {
    "major": "1",
    "minor": "23",
    "gitVersion": "v1.23.5",
    "gitCommit": "c285e781331a3785a7f436042c65c5641ce8a9e9",
    "gitTreeState": "clean",
    "buildDate": "2022-03-16T15:58:47Z",
    "goVersion": "go1.17.8",
    "compiler": "gc",
    "platform": "linux/amd64"
  }
}

5. minikube 建立 kubernetes 叢集

沒有參數它會報以下錯誤：

minikube start
* Centos 7.9.2009 上的 minikube v1.25.2
* 自動選擇 docker 驅動。其他選項：none, ssh
* The "docker" driver should not be used with root privileges.
* If you are running minikube within a VM, consider using --driver=none:
*   https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/none/

X Exiting due to DRV_AS_ROOT: The "docker" driver should not be used with root privileges.

正确的方式是：

minikube start --vm-driver=none --image-mirror-country=cn --registry-mirror='https://ckdhnbk9.mirror.aliyuncs.com' --image-repository='registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers'

輸出

* Centos 7.9.2009 上的 minikube v1.25.2
* 根據使用者配置使用 none 驅動程式

X Requested memory allocation (1819MB) is less than the recommended minimum 1900MB. Deployments may fail.


X The requested memory allocation of 1819MiB does not leave room for system overhead (total system memory: 1819MiB). You may face stability issues.
* 建議：Start minikube with less memory allocated: 'minikube start --memory=1819mb'

* 正在使用鏡像存儲庫 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
* Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube
* Running on localhost (CPUs=4, Memory=1819MB, Disk=17394MB) ...
* OS release is CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
* 正在 Docker 20.10.14 中準備 Kubernetes v1.23.3…
  - kubelet.housekeeping-interval=5m
    > kubeadm.sha256: 64 B / 64 B [--------------------------] 100.00% ? p/s 0s
    > kubelet.sha256: 64 B / 64 B [--------------------------] 100.00% ? p/s 0s
    > kubectl.sha256: 64 B / 64 B [--------------------------] 100.00% ? p/s 0s
    > kubeadm: 43.12 MiB / 43.12 MiB [---------------] 100.00% 1.23 MiB p/s 35s
    > kubectl: 44.43 MiB / 44.43 MiB [---------------] 100.00% 1.03 MiB p/s 43s
    > kubelet: 118.75 MiB / 118.75 MiB [-------------] 100.00% 2.12 MiB p/s 56s
  - Generating certificates and keys ...
  - Booting up control plane ...
  - Configuring RBAC rules ...
* 開始配置本地主機環境...
* 
! The 'none' driver is designed for experts who need to integrate with an existing VM
* Most users should use the newer 'docker' driver instead, which does not require root!
* For more information, see: https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/none/
* 
! kubectl 和 minikube 配置将存儲在 /root 中
! 如需以您自己的使用者身份使用 kubectl 或 minikube 指令，您可能需要重新定位該指令。例如，如需覆寫您的自定義設定，請運作：
* 
  - sudo mv /root/.kube /root/.minikube $HOME
  - sudo chown -R $USER $HOME/.kube $HOME/.minikube
* 
* 此操作還可通過設定環境變量 CHANGE_MINIKUBE_NONE_USER=true 自動完成
* Verifying Kubernetes components...
  - Using image registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/storage-provisioner:v5
* Enabled addons: default-storageclass, storage-provisioner
* Done! kubectl is now configured to use "minikube" cluster and "default" namespace by default

6. 檢視

6.1 檢視叢集配置資訊

$ kubectl config view
apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority: /root/.minikube/ca.crt
    extensions:
    - extension:
        last-update: Mon, 28 Mar 2022 17:20:36 CST
        provider: minikube.sigs.k8s.io
        version: v1.25.2
      name: cluster_info
    server: https://192.168.211.51:8443
  name: minikube
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: minikube
    extensions:
    - extension:
        last-update: Mon, 28 Mar 2022 17:20:36 CST
        provider: minikube.sigs.k8s.io
        version: v1.25.2
      name: context_info
    namespace: default
    user: minikube
  name: minikube
current-context: minikube
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: minikube
  user:
    client-certificate: /root/.minikube/profiles/minikube/client.crt
    client-key: /root/.minikube/profiles/minikube/client.key

6.2 檢視叢集狀态

$ minikube status
minikube
type: Control Plane
host: Running
kubelet: Running
apiserver: Running
kubeconfig: Configured

6.3 檢視 node

$ kubectl get nodes
NAME                    STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
localhost.localdomain   Ready    control-plane,master   5m24s   v1.23.3

6.4 檢視 pod

$ kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   coredns-65c54cc984-2cf5f                        1/1     Running   0          5m48s
kube-system   etcd-localhost.localdomain                      1/1     Running   0          6m2s
kube-system   kube-apiserver-localhost.localdomain            1/1     Running   0          6m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-localhost.localdomain   1/1     Running   0          6m
kube-system   kube-proxy-khn4n                                1/1     Running   0          5m49s
kube-system   kube-scheduler-localhost.localdomain            1/1     Running   0          6m
kube-system   storage-provisioner                             1/1     Running   0          5m58s

6.5 檢視叢集資訊

$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes control plane is running at https://192.168.211.51:8443
CoreDNS is running at https://192.168.211.51:8443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy

To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.

6.6 檢視叢集ip

$ minikube ip
192.168.211.51

6.7 檢視插件

$ minikube addons list
|-----------------------------|----------|--------------|--------------------------------|
|         ADDON NAME          | PROFILE  |    STATUS    |           MAINTAINER           |
|-----------------------------|----------|--------------|--------------------------------|
| ambassador                  | minikube | disabled     | third-party (ambassador)       |
| auto-pause                  | minikube | disabled     | google                         |
| csi-hostpath-driver         | minikube | disabled     | kubernetes                     |
| dashboard                   | minikube | disabled     | kubernetes                     |
| default-storageclass        | minikube | enabled ✅   | kubernetes                     |
| efk                         | minikube | disabled     | third-party (elastic)          |
| freshpod                    | minikube | disabled     | google                         |
| gcp-auth                    | minikube | disabled     | google                         |
| gvisor                      | minikube | disabled     | google                         |
| helm-tiller                 | minikube | disabled     | third-party (helm)             |
| ingress                     | minikube | disabled     | unknown (third-party)          |
| ingress-dns                 | minikube | disabled     | google                         |
| istio                       | minikube | disabled     | third-party (istio)            |
| istio-provisioner           | minikube | disabled     | third-party (istio)            |
| kong                        | minikube | disabled     | third-party (Kong HQ)          |
| kubevirt                    | minikube | disabled     | third-party (kubevirt)         |
| logviewer                   | minikube | disabled     | unknown (third-party)          |
| metallb                     | minikube | disabled     | third-party (metallb)          |
| metrics-server              | minikube | disabled     | kubernetes                     |
| nvidia-driver-installer     | minikube | disabled     | google                         |
| nvidia-gpu-device-plugin    | minikube | disabled     | third-party (nvidia)           |
| olm                         | minikube | disabled     | third-party (operator          |
|                             |          |              | framework)                     |
| pod-security-policy         | minikube | disabled     | unknown (third-party)          |
| portainer                   | minikube | disabled     | portainer.io                   |
| registry                    | minikube | disabled     | google                         |
| registry-aliases            | minikube | disabled     | unknown (third-party)          |
| registry-creds              | minikube | disabled     | third-party (upmc enterprises) |
| storage-provisioner         | minikube | enabled ✅   | google                         |
| storage-provisioner-gluster | minikube | disabled     | unknown (third-party)          |
| volumesnapshots             | minikube | disabled     | kubernetes                     |
|-----------------------------|----------|--------------|--------------------------------|

7. 常用操作

7.1 進入叢集節點

minikube ssh

7.2 停止叢集

minikube stop

7.3 啟動叢集

minikube start

7.4 删除叢集

minikube delete

8. 部署 dashboard

Dashboard 是一個基于 Web 的 Kubernetes 使用者界面。您可以使用它來：

将容器化應用程式部署到 Kubernetes 叢集
對您的容器化應用程式進行故障排除
管理叢集資源
概覽在您的叢集上運作的應用程式
建立或修改單個 Kubernetes 資源（例如 Deployment、Jobs、DaemonSets 等）

例如，您可以使用部署向導擴充部署、啟動滾動更新、重新啟動 pod 或部署新應用程式。

minikube dashboard

這将啟用儀表闆插件，并在預設 Web 浏覽器中打開代理。

值得注意的是，Web 浏覽器通常不能以 root 使用者身份正常運作，是以如果您處于以 root 使用者身份運作的環境中，請參閱僅 URL選項。

要停止代理（使儀表闆保持運作），請中止已啟動的程序 (

Ctrl+C

)。

#僅擷取儀表闆 URL
minikube dashboard --url

9. 部署 NGINX Ingress Controller

$ minikube addons enable ingress
  - Using image registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/nginx-ingress-controller:v1.1.1
  - Using image registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.1.1
  - Using image registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.1.1
* Verifying ingress addon...
* 啟動 'ingress' 插件


$ kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME                                        READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-6hf47        0/1     Completed   0          91s
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-5dpqz         0/1     Completed   0          91s
ingress-nginx-controller-6cfb67d797-gqj98   1/1     Running     0          91s

Minikube 在 Centos 7 部署 Kubernetes

文章目錄

1. 安裝依賴 tools

2. 安裝 docker

3. 安裝 minikube

4. 安裝 kubectl

5. minikube 建立 kubernetes 叢集

6. 檢視

6.1 檢視叢集配置資訊

6.2 檢視叢集狀态

6.3 檢視 node

6.4 檢視 pod

6.5 檢視叢集資訊

6.6 檢視叢集ip

6.7 檢視插件

7. 常用操作

7.1 進入叢集節點

7.2 停止叢集

7.3 啟動叢集

7.4 删除叢集

8. 部署 dashboard

9. 部署 NGINX Ingress Controller

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