Kickstart;無人值守安裝方式，配置檔案的問答安裝
PXE+kickstart部署
挂載
[root@linux-node1 ~]#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
##createrepo可以建立倉庫
[root@linux-node1 ~]#yum install -y httpd createrepo
[root@linux-node1 ~]#mkdir /var/www/html/CentOS-7.1-x86_64 把倉庫複制到本地
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cp -a /mnt/* /var/www/html/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/ 建立yum倉庫
createrepo -pdo/var/www/html/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/ /var/www/html/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/ 安裝tftp dhcp xinetd
[root@linux-node1 ~]#yum install -y tftp-server dhcp xinetd
[root@linux-node1 ~]#vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp ##把tftp打開
disable = no 上傳kickstart的配置檔案
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cd /var/www/html/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/ 測試能不能通路
[root@linux-node1 ~]#curl --head http://10.0.0.7/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg
HTTP/1.1 200 OK 應答檔案
[[email protected]_64]# cat CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg
#KickstartConfigurator by Reid
#platform=x86, AMD64,or Intel EM64T
#System language
lang en_US
#System keyboard
keyboard us
#Sytem timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
#Root password
#rootpw --iscrypted$default_password_crypted
rootpw --iscrypted$1$ops-node$7hqdpgEmIE7Z0RbtQkxW20
#Use text mode install
text
#Install OS instead ofupgrade
install
#Use NFS installationMedia
#url --url=$tree
url --url=http://10.0.0.7/CentOS-7.1-x86_64
#System bootloaderconfiguration
bootloader--location=mbr
#Clear the Master BootRecord
zerombr
#Partition clearinginformation
clearpart --all--initlabel
#Disk partitioninginformation
part /boot --fstypexfs --size 1024 --ondisk sda
part swap --size 16384--ondisk sda
part / --fstype xfs--size 1 --grow --ondisk sda
#System authorizationinfomation
auth --useshadow --enablemd5
#Network information
#$SNIPPET('network_config')
network--bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on
# Reboot afterinstallation
reboot
#Firewallconfiguration
firewall --disabled
#SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
#Do not configureXWindows
skipx
#Package installinformation
%packages
@ base
@ core
sysstat
iptraf
ntp
lrzsz
ncurses-devel
openssl-devel
zlib-devel
OpenIPMI-tools
mysql
nmap
screen
%end
%post
systemctl disable postfix.service
%end 修改dhcp的配置檔案
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cd /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/
[[email protected]]# cp dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
subnet 10.0.0.0netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range dynamic-bootp 10.0.0.100 10.0.0.200;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
next-server 10.0.0.7;
filename "pxelinux.0";
} 啟動服務
[root@linux-node1 ~]#/etc/init.d/dhcpd start
[root@linux-node1 ~]#/etc/init.d/httpd start
[root@linux-node1 ~]#/etc/init.d/xinetd start
[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -ntulp
Active Internetconnections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-QLocal Address ForeignAddress State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 4055/httpd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 4155/dhcpd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:69 0.0.0.0:* 4165/xinetd tftp 裡面一些準備檔案,一些組資訊，核心鏡像，pxelinux.0
[root@linux-node1 ~]#yum install -y syslinux
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/ ###把pxelinux.0拷貝到tftp的啟動目錄
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cp /mnt/isolinux/* /var/lib/tftpboot/ ###拷貝啟動鏡像：vmlinuz（核心） initrd.img（映像） boot.msg（啟動選單）
[root@linux-node1 ~]#mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cd /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
[[email protected]]# cp /mnt/isolinux/isolinux.cfg default
[[email protected]]# vim default ##寫一個安裝的CentOS 7
label ks
menu label ^AUTO CentOS 7
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.imgks=http://10.0.0.7/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg 建立組資訊
[root@linux-node1 ~]#createrepo -g `ls /var/www/html/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/repodata/*-comps.xml`/var/www/html/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/ Cobbler
可以解決Kickstart繁瑣的工作，實作自動化
安裝需要的包
[root@linux-node1 ~]#yum install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd -y
[root@linux-node1 ~]#/etc/init.d/httpd restart
[root@linux-node1 ~]#/etc/init.d/cobblerd start 檢查
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cobbler check
The following arepotential configuration items that you may want to fix: Step 1 + 2
vim/etc/cobbler/settings
server: 10.0.0.7
next_server:10.0.0.7 ###PXE的東西放置在那裡
manage_dhcp: 1 ##修改成1 ，cobbler管理dhcp Step 3
cobbler get-loaders Step 4
[root@linux-node1 ~]#vim /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
change 'disable' to'no'
[root@linux-node1 ~]#/etc/init.d/xinetd restart Step 5
vim/etc/cobbler/settings
openssl passwd -1-salt 'reid' 'reid' ###第一個reid是加嚴，第二個是密碼
default_password_crypted:"$1$reid$fXF8f078vI9J/q9XyXA8e/"
[root@linux-node1 ~]#/etc/init.d/cobblerd restart ##修改settings重新開機
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cobbler check ###修改完需要check Step 6
修改dchp.template,因為已經由cobbler修改
vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 10.0.0.0netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 10.0.0.2;
option domain-name-servers 10.0.0.2;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 10.0.0.100 10.0.0.200;
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cobbler sync ##修改完需要同步 Step 7
導入鏡像
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS-7.1-x86_64 --arch=x86_64
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ ###鏡像的存入位置
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cobbler list
distros: ##建立一個倉庫
CentOS-7.1-x86_64
profiles: ##建立一個配置
CentOS-7.1-x86_64
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cobbler profile report ##多個要指定—name
Kickstart :/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks
Kernel Options : {} ###網卡要修改eth0,是以要修改kernal參數
KS檔案放這裡： cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
[root@linux-node1kickstarts]# mv Cobbler-CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg 添加核心參數
cobbler profile edit--name=CentOS-7.1-x86_64--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg
cobbler profile edit--name=CentOS-7.1-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0' ##添加核心參數
cobbler sync 修改Cobbler提示
vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template 用MAC位址，這裡可以設定自動安裝不提示先把本地
cobbler system add--name=reid --mac=00:0C:29:22:E1:9C --profile=CentOS-7.1-x86_64 --ip-address=10.0.0.111--subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=10.0.0.2 --interface=eth0 --static=1--hostname=reid.example.com --name-servers="114.114.114.1148.8.8.8" 找一以新機器先設定BIOS:虛拟機----》電源-----》打開電源時進入固件----》boot----》Networkboot from Intel E1000(安裝完再設定回HD)
安裝成功
cobbler web介面
[root@linux-node1 ~]#cat /etc/httpd/conf.d/cobbler_web.conf
https://10.0.0.7/cobbler_web ##新版預設是https
username:cobbler
passoword:cobbler CentOS 7一些操作變化：
1.取消ifconfig（需要安裝yum install net-tools），使用ip addr 檢視IP位址。
2.使用firewalld 取代 iptables。