1、遞歸元件-簡單樹形控件預覽及問題
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/__Qf2AjLwojIjJCLyojI0JCLi0zaHRGcWdUYuVzVa9GczoVdG1mWfVGc5RHLwkzX39GZhh2csATMflHLwEzX4xSZz91ZsADMx8FdsYkRGZkRG9lcvx2bjxSa2EWNhJTW1AlUxEFeVRUUfRHelRHL2EzXlpXazxyayFWbyVGdhd3LcV2Zh1Wa9M3clN2byBXLzN3btg3PnVGcq5iY5EGMiljZxEGOlFzM4MjY2YWZwEmY5YGNlVTYmN2Yx8CX1AzLchDMxIDMy8CXn9Gbi9CXzV2Zh1WavwVbvNmLvR3YxUjL3M3Lc9CX6MHc0RHaiojIsJye.jpeg)
在編寫樹形元件時遇到的問題:
- 元件如何才能遞歸調用?
- 遞歸元件點選事件如何傳遞?
2、樹形控件基本結構及樣式
<template>
<ul class="vue-tree">
<li class="tree-item">
<div class="tree-content"><!--節點内容-->
<div class="expand-arrow"></div><!--展開或收縮節點按鈕-->
<div class="tree-label">國小</div><!--節點文本内容-->
</div>
<ul class="sub-tree"><!--子節點-->
<li class="tree-item expand">
<div class="tree-content">
<div class="expand-arrow"></div>
<div class="tree-label">國文</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="tree-item">
<div class="tree-content">
<div class="expand-arrow"></div>
<div class="tree-label">數學</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</template>
<style lang="stylus">
.vue-tree{
list-style: none;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
.tree-item{
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color .2s;
.tree-content{
position: relative;
padding-left: 28px;
&:hover{
background-color: #f0f7ff;
}
}
.expand-arrow{
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 28px;
height: 28px;
cursor: pointer;
&::after{
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
display: block;
content: ' ';
border-width: 5px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: transparent;
border-left-color: #ccc;
margin: -5px 0 0 -2.5px;
transition: all .2s;
}
}
&.expand{
&>.tree-content{
background-color: #f0f7ff;
&>.expand-arrow{
&::after{
transform: rotate(90deg);
margin: -2.5px 0 0 -5px;
}
}
}
}
.tree-label{
height: 28px;
line-height: 28px;
font-size: 14px;
}
.sub-tree{
display: none;
list-style: none;
padding: 0 0 0 28px;
margin: 0;
}
&.expand>.sub-tree{
display: block;
}
&.no-child{
&>.tree-content{
&>.expand-arrow{
display: none;
}
}
}
}
}
</style>
3、元件目錄及資料結構
目錄結構
vue-tree
- VueTree.vue 樹形控件父元件
- TreeItem.vue 樹形控件遞歸元件
樹形控件資料結構
let treeData = [
{
text: "一級", // 顯示的文字
expand: false, // 預設是否展開
children: [ // 子節點
{
text: "一級-1",
expand: false,
},
{
text: "一級-2",
expand: false,
children: [
{
text: "一級-2-1",
expand: false,
},
{
text: "一級-2-2",
expand: false,
}
]
}
]
}
];
3.1、TreeItem.vue 代碼
<template>
<li class="tree-item" :class="{expand: isExpand, 'no-child': !treeItemData.children || treeItemData.children.length === 0}">
<div class="tree-content" @click="_clickEvent">
<div class="expand-arrow" @click.stop="expandTree()"></div>
<div class="tree-label">{{treeItemData.text}}</div>
</div>
<ul class="sub-tree" v-if="treeItemData.children && treeItemData.children.length > 0">
<!--TreeItem元件中調用TreeItem元件-->
<TreeItem
v-for="item in treeItemData.children"
:tree-item-data="item"
:key="uuid()"
:tree-click-event="treeClickEvent"></TreeItem>
</ul>
</li>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "TreeItem",
props: {
treeItemData: {
type: Object,
default(){
return {};
}
},
// 節點點選事件
treeClickEvent: {
type: Function,
default() {
return function () {};
}
}
},
data(){
return {
// 節點是否展開
isExpand: this.treeItemData.expand || false
}
},
methods: {
// 展開/收縮
expandTree(flag){
if(!this.treeItemData.children || this.treeItemData.children.length === 0){
return;
}
if(typeof flag === 'undefined'){
flag = !this.isExpand;
}else{
flag = !!flag;
}
this.isExpand = flag;
},
// 建立一個唯一id
uuid(){
let str = Math.random().toString(32);
str = str.substr(2);
return str;
},
// 節點點選事件
_clickEvent(){
// 如果有傳遞事件函數,則調用事件函數并傳遞目前節點資料及元件
if(this.treeClickEvent && typeof this.treeClickEvent === 'function'){
this.treeClickEvent(this.treeItemData, this);
}
}
}
}
</script>
3.1.1、解決 元件如何才能遞歸調用? 問題
在元件模闆内調用自身必須明确定義元件的name屬性,并且遞歸調用時元件名稱就是name屬性。如在TreeItem.vue元件中元件的name名稱為'TreeItem',那麼在template中調用時元件名稱就必須是<TreeItem>。
當然也可以全局注冊元件,具體可以檢視vue官方文檔 遞歸元件
3.1.2、解決 遞歸元件點選事件如何傳遞? 問題
我這裡的解決方案是使用props将事件函數傳遞進來,在點選節點的時候調用事件函數,并把相應的資料傳遞進去。
之前也嘗試過使用$emit的形式并把資料傳遞過去,由于是遞歸元件,這樣一直$emit,到最外層時傳遞的資料就變了,比如傳遞是第3層節點的資料,到最後執行時資料就變成第1層節點的資料了
4、VueTree.vue 元件
<template>
<ul class="vue-tree">
<TreeItem
v-for="(item, index) in treeData"
:key="index"
:treeItemData="item"
:tree-click-event="treeClickEvent"></TreeItem>
</ul>
</template>
<script>
import TreeItem from "./TreeItem";
export default {
name: "VueTreeMenu",
components: {
TreeItem
},
props: {
// 樹形控件資料
treeData: {
type: Array,
default(){
return [];
}
},
// 節點點選事件
treeClickEvent: {
type: Function,
default() {
return function () {};
}
}
}
}
</script>
<style lang="stylus">
.vue-tree{
list-style: none;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
.tree-item{
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color .2s;
.tree-content{
position: relative;
padding-left: 28px;
&:hover{
background-color: #f0f7ff;
}
}
.expand-arrow{
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 28px;
height: 28px;
cursor: pointer;
&::after{
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
display: block;
content: ' ';
border-width: 5px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: transparent;
border-left-color: #ccc;
margin: -5px 0 0 -2.5px;
transition: all .2s;
}
}
&.expand{
&>.tree-content{
background-color: #f0f7ff;
&>.expand-arrow{
&::after{
transform: rotate(90deg);
margin: -2.5px 0 0 -5px;
}
}
}
}
.tree-label{
height: 28px;
line-height: 28px;
font-size: 14px;
}
.sub-tree{
display: none;
list-style: none;
padding: 0 0 0 28px;
margin: 0;
}
&.expand>.sub-tree{
display: block;
}
&.no-child{
&>.tree-content{
/*padding-left: 0;*/
&>.expand-arrow{
display: none;
}
}
}
}
}
</style>
5、使用樹形元件
<template>
<div class="app" id="app">
<VueTree :tree-data="treeData2" :tree-click-event="treeClickEvent"></VueTree>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import VueTree from "./components/vue-tree/VueTree";
export default {
name: 'app',
data(){
return {
treeData2: [
{
text: "一級", // 顯示的文字
expand: false, // 預設是否展開
children: [
{
text: "二級-1",
expand: false,
},
{
text: "二級-2",
expand: false,
children: [
{
text: "三級-1",
expand: false,
},
{
text: "三級-2",
expand: false,
children: [
{
text: "四級-1",
expand: false,
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
text: "一級-2",
expand: false
}
]
}
},
methods: {
treeClickEvent(item, treeItem){
console.log(item);
}
},
components: {
VueTree
}
}
</script>