本文開始從源碼的層面,講解一些 spring Security Oauth2的認證流程。本文較長,适合在空餘時間段觀看。且涉及了較多的源碼,非關鍵性代碼以…代替。
https://blog.didispace.com/spring-security-oauth2-xjf-2/#%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96token 擷取token
上一篇部落格中我們嘗試使用了password模式和client模式,有一個比較關鍵的endpoint:/oauth/token。從這個入口開始分析,spring security oauth2内部是如何生成token的。
首先開啟debug資訊:
logging:
level:
org.springframework: DEBUG
可以完整的看到内部的運轉流程。
client模式稍微簡單一些,使用client模式擷取token
http://localhost:8080/oauth/token? client_id=client_1&client_secret=123456&scope=select&grant_type=client_credentials
由于debug資訊太多了,我簡單按照順序列了一下關鍵的幾個類:
ClientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter
DaoAuthenticationProvider
TokenEndpoint
TokenGranter
ClientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter和DaoAuthenticationProvider
截取關鍵的代碼,可以分析出大概的流程
在請求到達/oauth/token之前經過了ClientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter這個過濾器,關鍵方法如下
public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws AuthenticationException, IOException, ServletException {
...
String clientId = request.getParameter("client_id");
String clientSecret = request.getParameter("client_secret");
...
clientId = clientId.trim();
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(clientId,
clientSecret);
return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
}
用來從請求中擷取client_id,client_secret,組裝成一個UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken作為身份辨別,使用容器中的頂級身份管理器AuthenticationManager去進行身份認證(AuthenticationManager的實作類一般是ProviderManager。而ProviderManager内部維護了一個List,真正的身份認證是由一系列AuthenticationProvider去完成。而AuthenticationProvider的常用實作類則是DaoAuthenticationProvider,DaoAuthenticationProvider内部又聚合了一個UserDetailsService接口,UserDetailsService才是擷取使用者詳細資訊的最終接口,而我們上一篇文章中在記憶體中配置使用者,就是使用了UserDetailsService的一個實作類InMemoryUserDetailsManager)。UML類圖可以大概了解下這些類的關系,省略了授權部分。

可能機智的讀者會發現一個問題,我前面一片文章已經提到了client模式是不存在“使用者”的概念的,那麼這裡的身份認證是在認證什麼呢?debug可以發現UserDetailsService的實作被适配成了ClientDetailsUserDetailsService,這個設計是将client用戶端的資訊(client_id,client_secret)适配成使用者的資訊(username,password),這樣我們的認證流程就不需要修改了。
經過ClientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter之後,身份資訊已經得到了AuthenticationManager的驗證。接着便到達了
TokenEndpoint。
https://blog.didispace.com/spring-security-oauth2-xjf-2/#TokenEndpoint TokenEndpoint
前面的兩個ClientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter和DaoAuthenticationProvider可以了解為一些前置校驗,和身份封裝,而這個類一看名字就知道和我們的token是密切相關的。
@FrameworkEndpoint
public class TokenEndpoint extends AbstractEndpoint {
@RequestMapping(value = "/oauth/token", method=RequestMethod.POST)
public ResponseEntity<OAuth2AccessToken> postAccessToken(Principal principal, @RequestParam
Map<String, String> parameters) throws HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException {
...
String clientId = getClientId(principal);
ClientDetails authenticatedClient = getClientDetailsService().loadClientByClientId(clientId);
...
TokenRequest tokenRequest = getOAuth2RequestFactory().createTokenRequest(parameters, authenticatedClient);
...
OAuth2AccessToken token = getTokenGranter().grant(tokenRequest.getGrantType(), tokenRequest);
...
return getResponse(token);
}
private TokenGranter tokenGranter;
}
省略了一些校驗代碼之後,真正的/oauth/token端點暴露在了我們眼前,其中方法參數中的Principal經過之前的過濾器,已經被填充了相關的資訊,而方法的内部則是依賴了一個TokenGranter 來頒發token。其中OAuth2AccessToken的實作類DefaultOAuth2AccessToken就是最終在控制台得到的token序列化之前的原始類:
public class DefaultOAuth2AccessToken implements Serializable, OAuth2AccessToken {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 914967629530462926L;
private String value;
private Date expiration;
private String tokenType = BEARER_TYPE.toLowerCase();
private OAuth2RefreshToken refreshToken;
private Set<String> scope;
private Map<String, Object> additionalInformation = Collections.emptyMap();
//getter,setter
}
@org.codehaus.jackson.map.annotate.JsonSerialize(using = OAuth2AccessTokenJackson1Serializer.class)
@org.codehaus.jackson.map.annotate.JsonDeserialize(using = OAuth2AccessTokenJackson1Deserializer.class)
@com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize(using = OAuth2AccessTokenJackson2Serializer.class)
@com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize(using = OAuth2AccessTokenJackson2Deserializer.class)
public interface OAuth2AccessToken {
public static String BEARER_TYPE = "Bearer";
public static String OAUTH2_TYPE = "OAuth2";
/**
* The access token issued by the authorization server. This value is REQUIRED.
*/
public static String ACCESS_TOKEN = "access_token";
/**
* The type of the token issued as described in <a
* href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-v2-22#section-7.1">Section 7.1</a>. Value is case insensitive.
* This value is REQUIRED.
*/
public static String TOKEN_TYPE = "token_type";
/**
* The lifetime in seconds of the access token. For example, the value "3600" denotes that the access token will
* expire in one hour from the time the response was generated. This value is OPTIONAL.
*/
public static String EXPIRES_IN = "expires_in";
/**
* The refresh token which can be used to obtain new access tokens using the same authorization grant as described
* in <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-v2-22#section-6">Section 6</a>. This value is OPTIONAL.
*/
public static String REFRESH_TOKEN = "refresh_token";
/**
* The scope of the access token as described by <a
* href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-v2-22#section-3.3">Section 3.3</a>
*/
public static String SCOPE = "scope";
...
}
一個典型的樣例token響應,如下所示,就是上述類序列化後的結果:
{
"access_token":"950a7cc9-5a8a-42c9-a693-40e817b1a4b0",
"token_type":"bearer",
"refresh_token":"773a0fcd-6023-45f8-8848-e141296cb3cb",
"expires_in":27036,
"scope":"select"
}
TokenGranter
先從UML類圖對TokenGranter接口的設計有一個宏觀的認識
TokenGranter的設計思路是使用CompositeTokenGranter管理一個List清單,每一種grantType對應一個具體的真正授權者,在debug過程中可以發現CompositeTokenGranter 内部就是在循環調用五種TokenGranter實作類的grant方法,而granter内部則是通過grantType來區分是否是各自的授權類型。
public class CompositeTokenGranter implements TokenGranter {
private final List<TokenGranter> tokenGranters;
public CompositeTokenGranter(List<TokenGranter> tokenGranters) {
this.tokenGranters = new ArrayList<TokenGranter>(tokenGranters);
}
public OAuth2AccessToken grant(String grantType, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
for (TokenGranter granter : tokenGranters) {
OAuth2AccessToken grant = granter.grant(grantType, tokenRequest);
if (grant!=null) {
return grant;
}
}
return null;
}
}
五種類型分别是:
- ResourceOwnerPasswordTokenGranter ==> password密碼模式
- AuthorizationCodeTokenGranter ==> authorization_code授權碼模式
- ClientCredentialsTokenGranter ==> client_credentials用戶端模式
- ImplicitTokenGranter ==> implicit簡化模式
- RefreshTokenGranter ==>refresh_token 重新整理token專用
以用戶端模式為例,思考如何産生token的,則需要繼續研究5種授權者的抽象類:AbstractTokenGranter
public abstract class AbstractTokenGranter implements TokenGranter {
protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
//與token相關的service,重點
private final AuthorizationServerTokenServices tokenServices;
//與clientDetails相關的service,重點
private final ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService;
//建立oauth2Request的工廠,重點
private final OAuth2RequestFactory requestFactory;
private final String grantType;
...
public OAuth2AccessToken grant(String grantType, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
...
String clientId = tokenRequest.getClientId();
ClientDetails client = clientDetailsService.loadClientByClientId(clientId);
validateGrantType(grantType, client);
logger.debug("Getting access token for: " + clientId);
return getAccessToken(client, tokenRequest);
}
protected OAuth2AccessToken getAccessToken(ClientDetails client, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
return tokenServices.createAccessToken(getOAuth2Authentication(client, tokenRequest));
}
protected OAuth2Authentication getOAuth2Authentication(ClientDetails client, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
OAuth2Request storedOAuth2Request = requestFactory.createOAuth2Request(client, tokenRequest);
return new OAuth2Authentication(storedOAuth2Request, null);
}
...
}
回過頭去看TokenEndpoint中,正是調用了這裡的三個重要的類變量的相關方法。由于篇幅限制,不能延展太多,不然沒完沒了,是以重點分析下AuthorizationServerTokenServices是何方神聖。
https://blog.didispace.com/spring-security-oauth2-xjf-2/#AuthorizationServerTokenServices AuthorizationServerTokenServices
public interface AuthorizationServerTokenServices {
//建立token
OAuth2AccessToken createAccessToken(OAuth2Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException;
//重新整理token
OAuth2AccessToken refreshAccessToken(String refreshToken, TokenRequest tokenRequest)
throws AuthenticationException;
//擷取token
OAuth2AccessToken getAccessToken(OAuth2Authentication authentication);
}
在預設的實作類DefaultTokenServices中,可以看到token是如何産生的,并且了解了架構對token進行哪些資訊的關聯。
@Transactional
public OAuth2AccessToken createAccessToken(OAuth2Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
OAuth2AccessToken existingAccessToken = tokenStore.getAccessToken(authentication);
OAuth2RefreshToken refreshToken = null;
if (existingAccessToken != null) {
if (existingAccessToken.isExpired()) {
if (existingAccessToken.getRefreshToken() != null) {
refreshToken = existingAccessToken.getRefreshToken();
// The token store could remove the refresh token when the
// access token is removed, but we want to
// be sure...
tokenStore.removeRefreshToken(refreshToken);
}
tokenStore.removeAccessToken(existingAccessToken);
}
else {
// Re-store the access token in case the authentication has changed
tokenStore.storeAccessToken(existingAccessToken, authentication);
return existingAccessToken;
}
}
// Only create a new refresh token if there wasn't an existing one
// associated with an expired access token.
// Clients might be holding existing refresh tokens, so we re-use it in
// the case that the old access token
// expired.
if (refreshToken == null) {
refreshToken = createRefreshToken(authentication);
}
// But the refresh token itself might need to be re-issued if it has
// expired.
else if (refreshToken instanceof ExpiringOAuth2RefreshToken) {
ExpiringOAuth2RefreshToken expiring = (ExpiringOAuth2RefreshToken) refreshToken;
if (System.currentTimeMillis() > expiring.getExpiration().getTime()) {
refreshToken = createRefreshToken(authentication);
}
}
OAuth2AccessToken accessToken = createAccessToken(authentication, refreshToken);
tokenStore.storeAccessToken(accessToken, authentication);
// In case it was modified
refreshToken = accessToken.getRefreshToken();
if (refreshToken != null) {
tokenStore.storeRefreshToken(refreshToken, authentication);
}
return accessToken;
}
簡單總結一下AuthorizationServerTokenServices的作用,他提供了建立token,重新整理token,擷取token的實作。在建立token時,他會調用tokenStore對産生的token和相關資訊存儲到對應的實作類中,可以是
Redis,
資料庫,記憶體,jwt。
https://blog.didispace.com/spring-security-oauth2-xjf-2/#%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93 總結
本篇總結了使用用戶端模式擷取Token時,spring security oauth2内部的運作流程,其他模式有一定的不同,但抽象功能是固定的,隻是具體的實作類會被響應地替換。閱讀spring的源碼,會發現它的設計中出現了非常多的抽象接口,這對我們理清楚内部工作流程産生了不小的困擾,我的方式是可以借助UML類圖,先從宏觀理清楚作者的設計思路,這會讓我們的分析事半功倍。
下一篇文章重點分析使用者攜帶token通路受限資源時,spring security oauth2内部的工作流程。