背景
作為面向大資料場景的半結構化、結構化存儲系統，Lindorm已經在阿裡發展了近十年，并始終保持着快速的能力更新和技術更新，是目前支撐阿裡經濟體業務的核心資料庫産品之一。其在功能、性能、穩定性等方面的諸多創新曆經了長時間的大規模實踐考驗，被全面應用于阿裡集團、螞蟻集團、菜鳥、大文娛等各個業務闆塊，成為目前為止公司内部資料體量最大、覆寫業務最廣的資料庫産品。
Lindorm Serverless 支援按需計費，彈性擴充，最大限度的降低了使用者使用門檻，運維難度和容量規劃操作。Lindorm CQL完全相容了cassandra社群的Query Language，提供了類SQL的查詢能力，可以非常快速的結合spring等架構，幫助業務邏輯快速開發。本文以一個簡單的使用者管理系統為例子，介紹如何給予Lindorm快速建構一個web服務，這個系列後續也會介紹更多複雜的使用方式。
前期準備工作
公有雲使用者
在阿裡雲首頁搜尋Lindorm，進入Lindorm管理控制台購買Lindorm Serverless叢集，可以根據需求選擇包年包月或者按量付費。
已經有叢集版執行個體子的同學可以跳過這個步驟。
購買成功之後，執行個體清單就包含了一個LindormServerless類型的執行個體在執行個體管理頁面找到連接配接資訊頁面，開通公網通路，擷取叢集連結串。
連結資訊中預設都存在"CQL連接配接"，預設的連結位址是包括了VPC環境下的位址和端口，也可以執行公網開放功能擷取公網位址和端口。Lindorm使用CQL通路都是走認證的，預設使用者名和預設密碼在使用者控制台可以看到，通過該地方擷取的使用者名和密碼可以通路走CQL通路Lindorm。
至此Lindorm的叢集的購買工作就已經完成了。
了解Cqlsh
執行建表和KeySpace操作使用者可以通過cqlsh通路lindorm serverless，操作方式請參考
cqlsh使用指南。
下載下傳到CQLSH的代碼後，可以通過如下指令通路Shell
./cqlsh $host $port -u $username -p $password 其中host指的是CQL連結串中:9042之前的部分，port不填寫預設為9042
建立namespace和table
cqlsh> CREATE KEYSPACE test_keyspace WITH replication = {'class': 'SimpleStrategy', 'replication_factor': '1'} AND durable_writes = true;
cqlsh> use test_keyspace;
cqlsh:test_keyspace> CREATE TABLE user (id BIGINT , username text, age int, password text, PRIMARY KEY (id)) ; 對應的CQL表結構
CREATE TABLE test_keyspace.user (
id bigint PRIMARY KEY,
username text,
age int,
password text);
生成SpringBoot項目
在開始實際編碼之前，建議先閱讀下官方文檔，了解
Spring Data for Cassandra項目在
Spring模版生成器中生成項目模版，所需配置如下圖：
生成出來的項目下載下傳後導入進Idea，大概如下
現在我們就擁有了一個完整spring on cql，接下來的工作就是完善代碼構造一個使用者管理頁面啦。
構造使用者管理頁面
定義域模型（實體類）
本文主要針對單個使用者主鍵場景，所有的讀寫操作都是針對主鍵ID來執行，注意主鍵需要标注PrimaryKey。使用者ID作為主鍵是全局唯一的，重複寫入一個使用者ID會發生覆寫。
/*
* Copyright Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.entity;
import org.springframework.data.cassandra.core.mapping.CassandraType;
import org.springframework.data.cassandra.core.mapping.PrimaryKey;
import org.springframework.data.cassandra.core.mapping.Table;
@Table(value = "user")
public class UserTable {
@PrimaryKey
@CassandraType(type = CassandraType.Name.BIGINT)
private long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private int age;
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public UserTable setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
return this;
}
public String getUserName() {
return username;
}
public UserTable setUserName(String username) {
this.username = username;
return this;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public UserTable setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
return this;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public UserTable setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
return this;
}
} 定義spring-data接口
這裡主要繼承了CrudRepository，包括了比較常見的增删改查
* Copyright Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.entity;
package com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.repository;
import com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.entity.UserTable;import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<UserTable, Long> {
UserTable findById(long id);
void deleteById(Long id);
} CrudRepository的接口定義如下
public interface CrudRepository<T, ID> extends Repository<T, ID> {
<S extends T> S save(S var1);
<S extends T> Iterable<S> saveAll(Iterable<S> var1);
Optional<T> findById(ID var1);
boolean existsById(ID var1);
Iterable<T> findAll();
Iterable<T> findAllById(Iterable<ID> var1);
long count();
void deleteById(ID var1);
void delete(T var1);
void deleteAll(Iterable<? extends T> var1);
void deleteAll();
} 定義service
咱們這個簡單的demo代碼支援拿到使用者清單，寫入使用者資訊，更新使用者資訊，删除使用者等基本功能，其支援的基本功能如圖。
/*
* Copyright Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.service;
import com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.entity.UserTable;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserService {
public List<UserTable> getUserList();
public UserTable findUserById(long id);
public void save(UserTable userTable);
public void edit(UserTable userTable);
public void delete(long id);
}
/*
* Copyright Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.service;
import com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.entity.UserTable;
import com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Override
public List<UserTable> getUserList() {
List<UserTable> userList = new ArrayList<>();
for (UserTable table : userRepository.findAll()) {
userList.add(table);
}
return userList;
}
@Override
public UserTable findUserById(long id) {
return userRepository.findById(id);
}
@Override
public void save(UserTable userTable) {
userRepository.save(userTable);
}
@Override
public void edit(UserTable userTable) {
userRepository.save(userTable);
}
@Override
public void delete(long id) {
userRepository.deleteById(id);
}
}
完成webcontroller
UserController實作基本的跳轉功能，将咱們的前段頁面跟service關聯起來。
* Copyright Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.web;
import com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.entity.UserTable;
import com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Resource UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/")
public String index() {
return "redirect:/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/list")
public String list(Model model) {
List<UserTable> userTables = userService.getUserList();
model.addAttribute("userTables", userTables);
return "user/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/toAdd")
public String toAdd() {
return "user/userAdd";
}
@RequestMapping("/add")
public String add(UserTable userTable) {
userService.save(userTable);
return "redirect:/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/toEdit")
public String toEdit(Model model,Long id) {
UserTable userTable = userService.findUserById(id);
model.addAttribute("userTable", userTable);
return "user/userEdit";
}
@RequestMapping("/edit")
public String edit(UserTable userTable) {
userService.edit(userTable);
return "redirect:/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/delete")
public String delete(Long id) {
userService.delete(id);
return "redirect:/list";
}
} 完成前端頁面
前端頁面的具體代碼，請參考具體的示例代碼。總共實作了3個頁面，list.html負責使用者展示，userAdd.html負責使用者添加，userEdit.html負責使用者更新頁面。
完成main函數
* Copyright Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.alibaba.lindorm.cql.springdemo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
@SpringBootApplication
public class CqlDemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(CqlDemoApplication.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
System.out.println(System.getProperty("java.class.path"));
SpringApplication.run(CqlDemoApplication.class, args);
}
} 增加cassandra連結參數
通過繼承AbstractCassandraConfiguration來指定連結的EndPoint，使用者名，密碼等資訊。使用者名密碼可以通過阿裡雲管控系統或者Afanty上擷取。
* Copyright Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.alibaba.lindorm.cqldemo.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.cassandra.config.AbstractCassandraConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.cassandra.config.CqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.data.cassandra.repository.config.EnableCassandraRepositories;
@Configuration
@EnableCassandraRepositories
public class CassandraConfig extends AbstractCassandraConfiguration {
private String hostList = "ld-bp1r9jd815x6y8w4d-proxy-lindorm-pub.lindorm.rds.aliyuncs.com";
private String keyspaceName = "test_keyspace";
//需要填寫自己叢集的對應賬号
private String userName = "xxx";
//需要填寫自己叢集的對應密碼
private String password = "xxx";
@Override
protected String getLocalDataCenter() {
return "datacenter1";
}
protected String getContactPoints() {
return hostList;
}
public String getKeyspaceName() {
return keyspaceName;
}
@Override
public CqlSessionFactoryBean cassandraSession() {
CqlSessionFactoryBean cqlSessionFactoryBean = super.cassandraSession();
cqlSessionFactoryBean.setPassword(password);
cqlSessionFactoryBean.setUsername(userName);
return cqlSessionFactoryBean;
}
} 當然，你也可以通過更改application.properties調整cassandra參數，需要注意contact-points, username,password這幾個參數是必須填寫的，詳細的參數請參考spring-cassandra的官方文檔。
啟動檢視
執行main函數，如果一切符合的預期的話，我們的webserver已經可以正常拉起，可以在本機localhost:8080端口通路這個簡易的使用者管理系統。
我們可以測試添加一個新的使用者3，也可以修改删除和删除某個使用者，一個擁有最基礎的功能的使用者管理系統就已經完成啦！
增加css修飾網頁
我們的頁面還沒有經過任何修飾，感覺很粗糙，在resources/static/css目錄加入bootstrap.css檔案，修飾下我們的網頁，使我們的網頁變得更加美觀！
更多進階功能
本文隻涉及了單一主鍵場景下基于主鍵進行增删改查的簡單例子。實際上spring + cql + lindorm serverless還可以支援更加強大的能力，比如複合主鍵，二級索引，多元索引等。想了解更多如何關于Lindorm的能力，請參考Lindorm使用文檔
https://help.aliyun.com/product/172543.html?spm=5176.15155444.J_5253785160.4.28925d80aDpnwq。 也請期待本文的姊妹篇，springboot + lindorm建構使用者賬單系統，我們會更加詳盡的介紹如何設計複合主鍵，二級索引等能力。
Have fun with the demo！
DEMO位址：
https://yisu-emr-test.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/cqldemosimple.tar.gz?Expires=1607326773&OSSAccessKeyId=TMP.3KiP9R7i9DAuKNBj819jEy4eGDUXkmP6VRftrYKvRvgFvChWLYtEjirTNXExELzg7M8at6w2YaK3EaFxSJfyq45mc2rM2v&Signature=KGJoI5QvXUd4ob4k2%2BTbl8u8EME%3D&versionId=CAEQGhiBgMC52YrOsRciIDBkYzIyMTM3ZjUzZjQyZGQ4ZDkzM2VjZTNmNjZmYmJk&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream