RHEL-7.8 MySQL 8.0 linux generic 安裝部署

1. 準備最基礎資訊的my.cnf

本案例my.cnf配置檔案是最基礎的初始化配置檔案，隻能保證mysql服務正常開啟，并不适用生産環境，

關于更多關于buffer、logfile等性能參數需要根據主機的CPU、MEM/硬碟等硬體環境進行後續相應優化配置

系統版本

[root@mysql~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

----Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.8 (Maipo)

MySQL版本

---MySQL-mysql-8.0.20

1.1. 準備my.cnf 配置檔案

[root@mysql ~]#vi /ect/my.cnf

[mysqld]

SERVER ID

server_id=1

data directory

datadir=/mysql/data

SOCKET & pid

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

pid-file=/tmp/mysql.pid

logfile

log-error=/mysql/log/error.log

log_bin = /mysql/binlog/mysql-bin

binlog_format=ROW

TRX mode

transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

1.2 環境變量配置

[root@mysql ~]# pwd

/root

1.2.1 添加以下環境變量

[root@mysql ~]# vi .bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

1.2.2 source 生效目前環境變量

[root@mysql ~]# source .bash_profile

1.2.3 檢視生效結果 mysql的環境變量已經在PATH裡了

[root@mysql ~]#echo $PATH

/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin

2.mysql 資料使用者、檔案目錄初始化

2.1 建立mysql使用者、組

[root@mysql~]#groupadd mysql

[root@mysql~]#useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

2.2 建立mysql資料檔案目錄權限

[root@mysql~]# mkdir -p /mysql/data

[root@mysql~]# mkdir -p /mysql/log/

[root@mysql~]# mkdir -p /mysql/binlog/

[root@mysql~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql

[root@mysql~]# chmod -R 775 /mysql/

2.2.1檢視權限

[root@mysql /]# ls -ld /mysql/

drwxr-xr-x. 5 mysql mysql 41 Oct 25 21:35 /mysql/

2.3 解壓安裝mysql server

2.3.1 将下載下傳好的mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz檔案放在目錄/usr/local

[root@mysql local]#cd /usr/local

2.3.2 解壓mysql壓縮檔案

[root@mysql local]#tar xvf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

2.3.3 建立mysql軟連結檔案

[root@mysql local]#ln -s mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

2.3.4 建立mysql-file 賦權限

[root@mysql local]#cd mysql

[root@mysql mysql]#mkdir mysql-files

[root@mysql mysql]#chown mysql:mysql mysql-files

[root@mysql mysql]#chmod 750 mysql-files

3.初始化mysql server

[root@mysql mysql]#cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@mysql mysql]#bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

配置ssl

[root@mysql mysql]#bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

使用mysqld_safe啟動mysql

[root@mysql mysql]#bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

2020-10-25T13:57:57.972091Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/mysql/log/error.log'.

2020-10-25T14:58:58.008556Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mysql/data

檢視3306端口,有3306端口證明mysql已經啟動

[root@mysql mysql]# ss -ln |grep 3306

tcp LISTEN 0 70 [::]:33060 [::]:*

tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:3306 [::]:*

3.2 拷貝mysql啟動檔案到/etc/init.d/

[root@mysql mysql]#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

4.檢視密碼

error log 目錄在/mysql/log/中，進入/mysql/log/也可以檢視error.log查找mysql初始化密碼

[root@mysql]#cd /mysql/log/

[root@mysql log]# more error.log

2020-10-25T13:58:13.679884Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.20) initializing of server in progress as pro

cess 14924

2020-10-25T13:58:13.693343Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.

2020-10-25T13:58:14.402699Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.

2020-10-25T13:58:15.799133Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Ern8uu_RY!9r

密碼是随機碼----> Ern8uu_RY!9r

5.重新啟動MySQL server

[root@mysql ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql.server restart

Shutting down MySQL..2020-10-25T14:03:22.070562Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /tmp/mysql.pid ended

SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[1]+ Done bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql (wd: /usr/local/mysql)

(wd now: ~)

6.登入mysql

使用rn8uu_RY!9r密碼登入

[root@ mysql]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 8

Server version: 8.0.20

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

執行show database時會提示修改初始密碼

mysql> show databases;

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

7.修改初始化root密碼

mysql密碼的次元是使用者名+主機，修改密碼是需要根據使用者名和主機的次元來一起修改

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'mysql123';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

8.使用新修改的密碼登入mysql

[root@ mysql]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p mysql123

Enter password:

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

Database
information_schema
mysql
performance_schema
sys

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

到此，mysql server最基本的初始化就完成了