Shiro (Shiro + JWT + SpringBoot應用)
目錄
1.Shiro的簡介
2.Shiro + JWT + SpringBoot
1.導入依賴
2.配置JWT
3.配置Shiro
4.實作JWTToken
5.實作Realm
6.重寫Filter
-
ShiroConfig
8.登陸
9.@RequiresPermissions
Apache Shiro是一種功能強大且易于使用的Java安全架構,它執行身份驗證,授權,加密和會話管理,可用于保護 從指令行應用程式,移動應用程式到Web和企業應用程式等應用的安全。
Authentication 身份認證/登入,驗證使用者是不是擁有相應的身份;
Authorization 授權,即權限驗證,驗證某個已認證的使用者是否擁有某個權限;即判斷使用者是否能做事情,常見的如:驗證某個使用者是否擁有某個角色。或者細粒度的驗證某個使用者對某個資源是否具有某個權限;
Cryptography 安全資料加密,保護資料的安全性,如密碼加密存儲到資料庫,而不是明文存儲;
Session Management 會話管理,即使用者登入後就是一次會話,在沒有退出之前,它的所有資訊都在會話中;
Web Integration web系統內建
Interations 內建其它應用,spring、緩存架構
從應用程式角度的來觀察如何使用Shiro完成工作:
Subject:主體,代表了目前“使用者”,這個使用者不一定是一個具體的人,與目前應用互動的任何東西都是Subject,如網絡爬蟲,機器人等;即一個抽象概念;所有Subject都綁定到SecurityManager,與Subject的所有互動都會委托給SecurityManager;可以把Subject認為是一個門面;SecurityManager才是實際的執行者;
SecurityManager:安全管理器;即所有與安全有關的操作都會與SecurityManager互動;且它管理着所有Subject;可以看出它是Shiro的核心,它負責與後邊介紹的其他元件進行互動,如果學習過SpringMVC,你可以把它看成DispatcherServlet前端控制器;
Realm:域,Shiro從從Realm擷取安全資料(如使用者、角色、權限),就是說SecurityManager要驗證使用者身份,那麼它需要從Realm擷取相應的使用者進行比較以确定使用者身份是否合法;也需要從Realm得到使用者相應的角色/權限進行驗證使用者是否能進行操作;可以把Realm看成DataSource,即安全資料源。
也就是說對于我們而言,最簡單的一個Shiro應用:
1、應用代碼通過Subject來進行認證和授權,而Subject又委托給SecurityManager;
2、我們需要給Shiro的SecurityManager注入Realm,進而讓SecurityManager能得到合法的使用者及其權限進行判斷。
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1</version>
<groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
<artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
<version>3.8.2</version>
public class JWTUtil {
/**
* 校驗 token是否正确
*
* @param token 密鑰
* @param secret 使用者的密碼
* @return 是否正确
*/
public static boolean verify(String token, String username, String secret) {
try {
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secret);
JWTVerifier verifier = JWT.require(algorithm)
.withClaim("username", username)
.build();
verifier.verify(token);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.info("token is invalid{}", e.getMessage());
return false;
}
}
public static String getUsername(HttpServletRequest request) {
// 取token
String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");
return getUsername(UofferUtil.decryptToken(token));
}
/**
* 從 token中擷取使用者名
* @return token中包含的使用者名
*/
public static String getUsername(String token) {
try {
DecodedJWT jwt = JWT.decode(token);
return jwt.getClaim("username").asString();
} catch (JWTDecodeException e) {
log.error("error:{}", e.getMessage());
return null;
}
}
public static Integer getUserId(HttpServletRequest request) {
// 取token
String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");
return getUserId(UofferUtil.decryptToken(token));
}
/**
* 從 token中擷取使用者ID
* @return token中包含的ID
*/
public static Integer getUserId(String token) {
try {
DecodedJWT jwt = JWT.decode(token);
return Integer.valueOf(jwt.getSubject());
} catch (JWTDecodeException e) {
log.error("error:{}", e.getMessage());
return null;
}
}
/**
* 生成 token
* @param username 使用者名
* @param secret 使用者的密碼
* @return token 加密的token
*/
public static String sign(String username, String secret, Integer userId) {
try {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("alg", "HS256");
map.put("typ", "JWT");
username = StringUtils.lowerCase(username);
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secret);
return JWT.create()
.withHeader(map)
.withClaim("username", username)
.withSubject(String.valueOf(userId))
.withIssuedAt(new Date())
// .withExpiresAt(date)
.sign(algorithm);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("error:{}", e);
return null;
}
}
}
token自己已經包含了使用者名等資訊。
@Data
public class JWTToken implements AuthenticationToken {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1282057025599826155L;
private String token;
private String exipreAt;
public JWTToken(String token) {
this.token = token;
}
public JWTToken(String token, String exipreAt) {
this.token = token;
this.exipreAt = exipreAt;
}
@Override
public Object getPrincipal() {
return token;
}
@Override
public Object getCredentials() {
return token;
}
自定義實作 ShiroRealm,包含認證和授權兩大子產品。
public class ShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Resource
private RedisUtil redisUtil;
@Autowired
private ISysUserService userService;
@Autowired
private ISysRoleService roleService;
@Autowired
private ISysMenuService menuService;
// 必須重寫此方法,不然Shiro會報錯
@Override
public boolean supports(AuthenticationToken token) {
return token instanceof JWTToken;
}
/**
* 隻有當需要檢測使用者權限的時候才會調用此方法
* 授權子產品,擷取使用者角色和權限。
* @param token token
* @return AuthorizationInfo 權限資訊
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection token) {
Integer userId = JWTUtil.getUserId(token.toString());
SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
// 擷取使用者角色集
Set<String> roleSet = roleService.selectRolePermissionByUserId(userId);
simpleAuthorizationInfo.setRoles(roleSet);
// 擷取使用者權限集
Set<String> permissionSet = menuService.findUserPermissionsByUserId(userId);
simpleAuthorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(permissionSet);
return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
}
/**
* 使用者認證:編寫shiro判斷邏輯,進行使用者認證
* @param authenticationToken 身份認證 token
* @return AuthenticationInfo 身份認證資訊
* @throws AuthenticationException 認證相關異常
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
// 這裡的 token是從 JWTFilter 的 executeLogin 方法傳遞過來的,已經經過了解密
String token = (String) authenticationToken.getCredentials();
String encryptToken = UofferUtil.encryptToken(token); //加密token
String username = JWTUtil.getUsername(token); //從token中擷取username
Integer userId = JWTUtil.getUserId(token); //從token中擷取userId
// 通過redis檢視token是否過期
HttpServletRequest request = HttpContextUtil.getHttpServletRequest();
String ip = IPUtil.getIpAddr(request);
String encryptTokenInRedis = redisUtil.get(Constant.RM_TOKEN_CACHE + encryptToken + StringPool.UNDERSCORE + ip);
if (!token.equalsIgnoreCase(UofferUtil.decryptToken(encryptTokenInRedis))) {
throw new AuthenticationException("token已經過期");
}
// 如果找不到,說明已經失效
if (StringUtils.isBlank(encryptTokenInRedis)) {
throw new AuthenticationException("token已經過期");
}
if (StringUtils.isBlank(username)) {
throw new AuthenticationException("token校驗不通過");
}
// 通過使用者id查詢使用者資訊
SysUser user = userService.getById(userId);
if (user == null) {
throw new AuthenticationException("使用者名或密碼錯誤");
}
if (!JWTUtil.verify(token, username, user.getPassword())) {
throw new AuthenticationException("token校驗不通過");
}
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(token, token, "febs_shiro_realm");
}
所有的請求都會先經過 Filter,是以我們繼承官方的 BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter ,并且重寫鑒權的方法。
代碼的執行流程 preHandle -> isAccessAllowed -> isLoginAttempt -> executeLogin 。
@Slf4j
public class JWTFilter extends BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter {
private static final String TOKEN = "Authorization";
private AntPathMatcher pathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();
/**
* 對跨域提供支援
*/
@Override
protected boolean preHandle(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-control-Allow-Origin", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Origin"));
httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET,POST,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE");
httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Access-Control-Request-Headers"));
// 跨域時會首先發送一個 option請求,這裡我們給 option請求直接傳回正常狀态
if (httpServletRequest.getMethod().equals(RequestMethod.OPTIONS.name())) {
httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
return false;
}
return super.preHandle(request, response);
}
@Override
protected boolean isAccessAllowed(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, Object mappedValue) throws UnauthorizedException {
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
UofferProperties UofferProperties = SpringContextUtil.getBean(UofferProperties.class);
// 擷取免認證接口 url
// 在application.yml中配置/adminApi/auth/doLogin/**,/adminApi/auth/register/**, ...
String[] anonUrl = StringUtils.splitByWholeSeparatorPreserveAllTokens(UofferProperties.getShiro().getAnonUrl(), ",");
boolean match = false;
for (String u : anonUrl) {
if (pathMatcher.match(u, httpServletRequest.getRequestURI())) {
match = true;
}
}
if (match) {
return true;
}
if (isLoginAttempt(request, response)) {
return executeLogin(request, response);
}
return false;
}
/**
* 判斷使用者是否想要登入。
* 檢測header裡面是否包含Authorization字段即可
*/
@Override
protected boolean isLoginAttempt(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
String token = req.getHeader(TOKEN);
return token != null;
}
@Override
protected boolean executeLogin(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
String token = httpServletRequest.getHeader(TOKEN); //得到token
JWTToken jwtToken = new JWTToken(UofferUtil.decryptToken(token)); // 解密token
try {
// 送出給realm進行登入,如果錯誤他會抛出異常并被捕獲
getSubject(request, response).login(jwtToken);
// 如果沒有抛出異常則代表登入成功,傳回true
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(e.getMessage());
return false;
}
}
@Override
protected boolean sendChallenge(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
log.debug("Authentication required: sending 401 Authentication challenge response.");
HttpServletResponse httpResponse = WebUtils.toHttp(response);
// httpResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());
httpResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
httpResponse.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
final String message = "未認證,請在前端系統進行認證";
final Integer status = 401;
try (PrintWriter out = httpResponse.getWriter()) {
// String responseJson = "{"message":"" + message + ""}";
JSONObject responseJson = new JSONObject();
responseJson.put("msg", message);
responseJson.put("status", status);
out.print(responseJson);
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("sendChallenge error:", e);
}
return false;
}
- @Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
@Bean
public ShiroRealm shiroRealm() {
// 配置 Realm
return new ShiroRealm();
}
// 建立DefaultWebSecurityManager
@Bean("securityManager")
public SecurityManager securityManager() {
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
// 配置 SecurityManager,并注入 shiroRealm
securityManager.setRealm(shiroRealm());
return securityManager;
}
// 建立ShiroFilterFactoryBean
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(SecurityManager securityManager) {
ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
// 設定 securityManager
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
//添加Shiro過濾器
/**
* Shiro内置過濾器,可以實作權限相關的攔截器
* 常用的過濾器:
* anon: 無需認證(登入)可以通路
* authc: 必須認證才可以通路
* user: 如果使用rememberMe的功能可以直接通路
* perms: 該資源必須得到資源權限才可以通路
* role: 該資源必須得到角色權限才可以通路
*/
// 在 Shiro過濾器鍊上加入 自定義過濾器JWTFilter 并取名為jwt
LinkedHashMap<String, Filter> filters = new LinkedHashMap<>();
filters.put("jwt", new JWTFilter());
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilters(filters);
// 自定義url規則
LinkedHashMap<String, String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
// 所有請求都要經過 jwt過濾器
filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "jwt");
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);
return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
}
/**
* 下面的代碼是添加注解支援
*/
@Bean
@DependsOn({"lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"})
public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() {
// 設定代理類
DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator creator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
creator.setProxyTargetClass(true);
return creator;
}
/**
* 開啟aop注解支援
*
* @param securityManager
* @return
*/
@Bean("authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor")
public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {
AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
}
// Shiro生命周期處理器
@Bean
public LifecycleBeanPostProcessor lifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {
return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();
}
/**
* 登入方法
*
* @param username 使用者名
* @param password 密碼
* @param code 驗證碼
* @param uuid 唯一辨別
* @return 結果
*/
@PostMapping("/doLogin")
public ResultVo login(String username, String password, String code, String uuid, HttpServletRequest request) throws UofferException {
String verifyKey = Constant.RM_CAPTCHA_CODE_KEY + uuid;
String captcha = redisUtil.getCacheObject(verifyKey);
redisUtil.del(verifyKey);
if (captcha == null) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, "驗證碼失效");
}
if (!code.equalsIgnoreCase(captcha)) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, "驗證碼錯誤");
}
username = StringUtils.lowerCase(username);
password = MD5Util.encrypt(username, password);
final String errorMessage = "使用者名或密碼錯誤";
SysUser user = userManager.getUser(username);
if (user == null) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, errorMessage);
}
if (!StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(user.getPassword(), password)) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, errorMessage);
}
if (Constant.STATUS_LOCK.equals(user.getStatus())) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, "賬号已被鎖定,請聯系管理者!");
}
Integer userId = user.getUserId();
String ip = IPUtil.getIpAddr(request);
String address = AddressUtil.getCityInfo(ip);
// 更新使用者登入時間
SysUser sysUser = new SysUser();
sysUser.setUserId(userId);
sysUser.setLastLoginTime(new Date());
sysUser.setLastLoginIp(ip);
userService.updateById(sysUser);
// 拿到token之後加密
String sign = JWTUtil.sign(username, password, userId);
String token = UofferUtil.encryptToken(sign);
LocalDateTime expireTime = LocalDateTime.now().plusSeconds(properties.getShiro().getJwtTimeOut());
String expireTimeStr = DateUtil.formatFullTime(expireTime);
JWTToken jwtToken = new JWTToken(token, expireTimeStr);
// 将登入日志存入日志表中
SysLoginLog loginLog = new SysLoginLog();
loginLog.setIp(ip);
loginLog.setAddress(address);
loginLog.setLoginTime(new Date());
loginLog.setUsername(username);
loginLog.setUserId(userId);
loginLogService.save(loginLog);
saveTokenToRedis(username, jwtToken, ip, address);
JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
data.put("Authorization", token);
// 将使用者配置及權限存入redis中
userManager.loadOneUserRedisCache(userId);
return ResultVo.oK(data);
}
要求subject中必須含有bus:careerTalk:query的權限才能執行方法someMethod()。否則抛出異常AuthorizationException。
@RequiresPermissions("bus:careerTalk:query")
public void someMethod() {
引用:
https://www.iteye.com/blog/jinnianshilongnian-2018398 https://www.jianshu.com/p/f37f8c295057原文位址
https://www.cnblogs.com/kuotian/p/13040682.html