Spring Cloud負載均衡
- 用戶端負載均衡
- 服務端負載均衡
- 排程算法
- 特性
-
優勢
穩定性高
-
不足
更新成本高
- 統一維護，成本低
- 一旦故障，影響大
- 先來先服務（First Come First Served）
- 最早截止時間優先（Earliest deadline first）
- 最短保留時間優先（Shortest remaining time first）
- 固定優先級（Fixed Proority）
- 輪訓（Round-Robin）
- 多級别隊列（Multilevel Queue）
非對稱負載（Asymmetric load）
- 分布式拒絕服務攻擊保護
- 直接服務傳回
- 健康檢查
- 優先級隊列
Spring Cloud負載均衡
配置ribbon client與service provider直連方式
1.service provider端
我的Maven配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-lesson-6-service-provider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring-cloud-lesson-6-service-provider</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project> 2.配置application.properties檔案
##服務提供方
spring.application.name=spring-cloud-service-provider
##服務端口
server.port=9090
##關閉注冊
eureka.client.enabled=false 3.建立測試類
package com.example.web.controller;
import com.example.domain.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* 服務提供方
*/
@RestController
public class ServiceProviderController {
@GetMapping("/greeting")
public String greeting(@RequestParam User user){
return "Greeting,"+user;
}
} ribbon client端配置
1.我的Maven配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-lesson-6</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring-cloud-lesson-6</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project> 2.配置application.properties
##服務提供方
spring.application.name=spring-cloud-ribbon-client
##服務端口
server.port=8080
##關閉注冊
eureka.client.enabled=false
##服務提供方主機
service-provider.host=localhost
##提供方端口
service-provider.port=9090
service-provider.name=spring-cloud-service-provider
###配置服務提供方的ribbon
spring-cloud-service-provider.ribbon.listOfServers=\
http://${service-provider.host}:${service-provider.port} 3.建立連接配接測試類
package com.example.web.Controller;
import com.example.domain.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
public class ClientController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Value("${service-provider.host}")
private String serviceProviderHost;
@Value("${service-provider.port}")
private Integer serviceProviderPort;
@GetMapping("")
public String index(){
User user=new User();
user.setId(1L);
user.setName("ss");
return restTemplate.postForObject("http://"+serviceProviderHost+":"+serviceProviderPort+"/greeting",
user,String.class);
}
} Netflix Ribbon
1.引入Maven依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency> 2.激活Ribbon用戶端
@RibbonClients({@RibbonClient(name="spring-cloud-service-provider")})
3.配置Ribbon用戶端
application.properties
##服務提供方
spring.application.name=spring-cloud-ribbon-client
##服務端口
server.port=8080
##關閉注冊
eureka.client.enabled=false
##服務提供方主機
service-provider.host=localhost
##提供方端口
service-provider.port=9090
service-provider.name=spring-cloud-service-provider
###配置服務提供方的ribbon
spring-cloud-service-provider.ribbon.listOfServers=\
http://${service-provider.host}:${service-provider.port}