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go 筆記go 筆記defermake && newchannelpanic

go 筆記

defer

defer 的參數綁定是在 defer 時,而不是在執行時,和 go 是一樣的。

for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
    defer fmt.Printf("%d ", i)
}           

會輸出4 3 2 1 0

make && new

make 隻能應用于 slice,map,channel,傳回的不是指針。

以 slice 為例,一個 slice 是引用 copy,但是每個 slice 結構體戰三個字。

channel

range 用法,以及如何idiomatic的使用 closure

func handle(queue chan *Request) {
    for r := range queue {
        process(r)
    }
}

func Serve(queue chan *Request) {
    for req := range queue {
        req := req // Create new instance of req for the goroutine.
        sem <- 1
        go func() {
            process(req)
            <-sem
        }()
    }
}           

panic

panic可以用作複雜的錯誤處理,但是如果是用作錯誤處理,不要把 panic 暴露到包外。

Useful though this pattern is, it should be used only within a package. Parse turns its internal panic calls into error values; it does not expose panics to its client. That is a good rule to follow.

// error is a method of *Regexp that reports parsing errors by
// panicking with an Error.
func (regexp *Regexp) error(err string) {
    panic(Error(err))
}

// Compile returns a parsed representation of the regular expression.
func Compile(str string) (regexp *Regexp, err error) {
    regexp = new(Regexp)
    // doParse will panic if there is a parse error.
    defer func() {
        if e := recover(); e != nil {
            regexp = nil    // Clear return value.
            err = e.(Error) // Will re-panic if not a parse error.
        }
    }()
    return regexp.doParse(str), nil
}