寫在前面,mq簡稱消息隊列,本文介紹的是activemq.那mq主要用在什麼場景,他的作用又是什麼呢?
介紹:mq稱為消息中間件,語言表達不如看圖.
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顧名思義,mq主要還是為了提高伺服器響應速度,提高客戶體驗.舉個例子大家就應該明白了。
比如當使用者登入某商城後,點選某商品要求發送郵件或者發送短信,此時郵件和短信是有可能失敗的,如果同步的話必然會引起客戶長時間等待,不利于客戶體驗(mq是異步).是以mq可以設定一個定時器,每隔一段時間對于發送失敗的郵件和短信重新發送。
第一步:建立marven項目。
第二步:在resource當中建立application.yml檔案
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然後在裡面輸入:
spring:
activemq:
broker-url: tcp://127.0.0.1:61616
user: admin
password: admin
queue: sunjian
server:
port: 8081
第三步:在pom當中引入springboot
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.sunjian.activemq.producer</groupId>
<artifactId>sunjian-producer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- spring boot web支援:mvc,aop... -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.38</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
第四步: 建立entity實體類
package com.sunjian.entity;
public class UserEntity {
private Long id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
public UserEntity(Long id, String name, Integer age) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
第五步:建立QueueConfig,一個消息隊列,主要作用是把消息隊列的名字傳進去
package com.sunjian.confg;
import javax.jms.Queue;
import org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* @classDesc: 功能描述:(建立一個隊列)
*/
@Configuration
public class QueueConfig {
@Value("${queue}")//值就是sunjian
private String queueName;
@Bean
public Queue queue() {//消息隊列的名字就是sunjian
return new ActiveMQQueue(queueName);
}
}
第六步:建立Producer,生産者,往消息隊列中發送消息,為了示範明顯,加入了定時任務
package com.sunjian;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.jms.Queue;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsMessagingTemplate;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.sunjian.entity.UserEntity;
/**
* @classDesc: 功能描述:(生産者代碼)
*/
@Component//将Producer注入到容器
@EnableScheduling//定時任務的注解
public class Producer {
@Autowired
private JmsMessagingTemplate jmsMessagingTemplate;
@Autowired//注入
private Queue queue;
private int age = 18;
@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5000)//每隔5秒鐘執行這個方法
public void send() {
age++;
UserEntity userEntity = new UserEntity(System.currentTimeMillis(), UUID.randomUUID().toString(), age);
String json = new JSONObject().toJSONString(userEntity);//将實體類轉換成json字元串
System.out.println("json:" + json);
jmsMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend(queue, json);//向指定隊列中發送消息
}
}
第七部:建立啟動類App
package com.sunjian;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}
代碼運作完畢:接下來,先安裝mq
第八步:下載下傳mq
mq下載下傳位址為示範友善,我們下載下傳windows版本的mq
解壓之後,需要先安裝InstallService.bat,然後在運作activemq.bat
在網頁中運作mq網址
http://127.0.0.1:8161/admin/賬号是admin,密碼是admin
第九步:mq已經裝完,代碼也已經寫完,測試一下看看,右鍵執行App
定時任務執行了7條資料,在sunjian當中也執行了7條.mq發送消息成功
activemq接收消息請看關注我的公衆号,都是滿滿的幹貨!
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