常用的英語詞根簡介A

A

acr(L acer, acris) = sharp 尖的

acrid[acr;-id a.] a （氣味）辛辣；（語言）刻毒；

acrimony[acr; -i-; -mony n.] （語言、态度、脾氣等）刻毒

acerose[ac(e)r; -ose(-ous) a]a. [植物]針狀的

acu(L acus) = needle 針

acuity[acu; -ity n.]n. 尖銳；敏銳

aculeate[acule(acu); -ate a.]a 有刺的、多刺的；尖銳的

acumen[acu; -men(-ment) n]n. 敏銳；聰明

acupuncture[acu; punct; -ure n.]n. 針刺療法

aer(GK aer) = air 空氣

aerial[aer; -ial a.]a. 空氣的；航空的

aerify[aer; -ify v.]v. 使氣化

aerology[aer; -o-; -logy n.]n 氣象學；大氣學

aerolite[aer; -o-; lit; -e]a. 隕石

subaerial[sub-; aer-,-ial a]a 地面上的；接近地面的

agog,agogue(GK agogos) = leading，leader 引導，引導者

demagogue[dem; agogue]n 蠱惑民心的政客；[史]群眾領袖

pedagogue[ped; agogue]n 教師；教員

hydragogue[hydr; agogue]n.[藥]水瀉劑；利尿劑

mystagogue[myst; agogue]n 引人加入神秘宗教者

agon(GK agon) = contest 競争

agonistic[agon; -istic a.]a.運動比賽的；好争論的

agony[agon; -y n.]n痛苦；創痛

agonize[agon; -ize v.]v.（使）極度痛苦；折磨

antagonst[ant-; agon; -ist n.]n. 對抗者；對手，敵手

protagonist[prot-; agon; -ist n.]n.主角，主人公；上司者

agr(L ager, agris) = field 田地

agrarian[agr; -arain a.]a. 耕地的，土地的；農民的

agrimotor[agr; -i-; mot; or n]n. 農用拖拉機

agronomy[agr; -o-; nomy n]n. 農學；農藝學

agriculture[agr; -i-; cult; ure n]n. 農業；農藝

ag,act[L] = to do;to drive

agent[ag = to do; -ent = n. = person] 代理人；代理商 agential 代理人的

agency[ag = to do;-ency n. = the quality or state of]力量；作用；代理處；機構

agenda[ag = to de; -enda(-a表複數)n. = things 事情]議事日程

agile[ag = to do; -ile a. = able]a. 靈活的；靈活的 agility 靈活

agitate[ag = to drive or keep moving; -itate(-ate) v. = make or cause]v. disturb鼓動 agitation[agitat(e); -ion n.] 鼓動； 激動不安 -> agitator n.鼓動者

actual[act = to do; -u-; -al a. = the act or fact]existing in fact; real 現實的；實際的

actuate[act = to do; -u-; -ate v. = to make or cause]v. cause to do驅動；激勵

exact[ex- = out; act = to drive]v.強求；索取 a.準确的；精确的 exacting 嚴厲的 exaction 強索 exactitude 精确（性）；嚴格

transact[trans- = across or through; act = to drive]v. 執行；辦理 transaction n.辦理，處理 transactor n.辦事人

am,amat[L] = to love 愛

amiable[am = to love; -i-; -able a. = capable of ]可愛的；和藹的

amateur[amat = to love; -eur(er) n. = person]（藝術、體育、科學等）業餘愛好者

amateurism[amateur; -ism n.]n.業餘活動

amicable[amic(來自am的同根名詞amicus) = 親愛者；朋友; -able a. = able to be]有好的；和睦的

amicability[amicab(le); -ility n.]n.友好；和睦

amour[am = to love; -our n. = the state or result] 桃色事件，偷情

amorous[amo(u)r; -ous a.]a. 戀愛的；多情的

enamour[en- v. = to cause to be; amour n. = love -> to cause to be in love]v.使迷戀

amatory[amat = to love; -ory a. = related to]戀愛的；愛慕的 amatory poems 情詩

anim[L] = life 生命

animal[anim = life; al n. = thing characterized by …]動物，植物；除人以外的任何動物

animalism[animal; -ism n.]n. 動物性；獸欲

animalize[animal; -ize v.]v.使動物化

animate[anim = life; -ate a. = having ….]有生命的；生氣勃勃的

animation[animat(e) v.; -ion n.]n. 活躍；生氣

animosity[anim = life,spirit; -osity(-ous + =ity) n.= special state or quality -> 特殊的精神、強烈的感情]敵意；仇恨

magnanimity[magn = great; anim = spirit; -ity n. = the quality]n. 寬宏大量

magnanimous[magn; anim; -ous a.]a. 寬宏大量

equanimity[equ = even; anim = spirit; -ity = the quality -> 平穩的精神品質]n. 沉着；鎮定

equanimous[equ; anim; -ous a.]a. 沉着的

longanimity[long(來自形容詞 longus) = long; anim = spirit; -ity n. = the quality]n.忍耐性；堅韌性

unanimous[un = one; anim = spirit; -ous a. = having ..]思想一緻的；觀點統一的

unanimity[un; anim; -ity n.]全體一緻；無異議

ann,enn[L] = year 年

annual[annu = year 年；-al a. = of ..]一年的；每年的

anniversary[anni = year; vers = to turn; -ary n. = thing]n. 周年紀念日

annals[ann = year; -al n. = thing]n. 編年史

perennial[per- = through; enni=year; -al a.-> “through a year”]常年不斷地；長久的

perenniality[perennial; -ity n.]n. 常年性

annuity[annu = year; -ity n. = thing connected with]n.年金；年收入

superannuate[super- = over; annu = year; -ate v. = to cause to be]v. 因超過年齡而令退休

semiannual[semi- = half; annu = year; -al a.= of]a. 半年一度的

biannual[bi- = two,twice; annu = year; -al a. = of]a. 每年兩度的

anthrop[GK] = man 人類

(anthrop後面常跟着連接配接字母-o-，也可以吧anthropo看成異形詞根)

anthropology[anthropo = man; -logy n. = branch of science]n. 人類學

philanthropist[phil = to love; anthrop = man; -ist n. = person]n. 博愛主義者；慈善家

philanthropy n.慈善；仁愛 philanthropic a.博愛的

misanthropist[mis = to hate; anthrop = man; -ist n. = person]n.離群索居者；憤世嫉俗者

misanthropy n.厭世 misanthropic a.厭世的

anthropoid[anthrop = man; -oid a. = like]a. 類人的；有人形的；

anthropotomy[anthropo = man; tomy = anatomy 解剖學]n. human anatomy 人體解剖學

arch[GK] = rule 統治

anarchy[an-(a-) = no,without; arch = rule; -y n. = the state]n.無秩序；無政府狀态

anarchic a.無政府統治的 anarchism n.無政府主義 anarchist n.無政府主義者

monarch[mon- = one,alone; arch = ruler]n. 國王，君主 -> monarchal a.國王的，君主的

monarchy[mon- = one,alone; arch = ruler; -y n. = the state]n. 君主政體；君主國

oligarch[olig- = few; arch = ruler]n. 寡頭統治成員

polyarchy n. 多頭政治

matriarchy[matri = mother; arch = ruler; -y n. = the state]n. 母權制；母系氏族制

archives[arch = ruler; -ive n. = thing; -s 複數 -> “documents belonging to rulers”]n. 檔案

archivist n.檔案保管員 archival a.關于檔案的(arch也可以當字首用，表主要的chief)

archenemy n. 首要大敵

architect[arch- = chief; -i-; tect = builder]n. 建築設計師

architecture n.建築學 architectonic a.關于建築的

aud,audit[L] = to hear 聽

audience[aud = to hear 聽；-i-; -ence n. = the act or state]n.會見；接見；聽衆

auditorium[aud = to hear; -orium n. = place]n.禮堂；演講廳

audible[aud = to hear; -ible a. = capable of being ..]a.聽得見的

audit[audit = to hear]v.旁聽；審查（賬目）-> auditor （大學）旁聽生；查賬員

audition[audit = to hear; -ion = the act]n.聽；（對演員等）試聽

audile[aud = to hear; -ile a.=pertaining to 關于什麼什麼的]聽得；聽覺的

audio[aud = to hear; -io-> 與聽有關]a. 聲音的；聲波的

aug,auct,auth[L] = to increase 增加

august[aug = to increase ; -ust a. = the most]a. majestic威嚴的 august palaces威嚴的王宮

->①(大寫 August)n.奧古斯特（古羅馬大帝，自認為是最偉大的帝王）②八月（奧古斯塔大帝以自己的名字命名八月份）

augment[aug = to increase; -ment v.]v.增加，擴大；增加，增大

auction[auct = to cause to grow; -ion n. = the act -> “the act of causing the price to grow”]n.拍賣 v.拍賣

author[auth(auct) = to cause to grow; -or n. = person]n.發起人，創始者；著作家，作家

authority[author n.創作者; -ity n. = the quality 表特性]n. 權利，權威；當權者

authorize[author n.創始者(-> power權利); -ize v. = to cause to have]v. give power to 授權

bi,bio[GK] = life 生命，生物

biology[bio=life 生命，生物; -logy n. = brance of science 一門科學] n. the science of life in all 生物學

biologist 生物學者

biological 生物學的

biography[bio = life 生命; -graphy n.=writing 著作]n. 傳記

biographer 傳記作者

biographical a.傳記的；傳記體

biographize v.為…做傳記

biocide[bio = life ; -cide n.=that which kills]n.殺蟲劑

antibiotic[anti- = against 抗；bi = life 生命，生物; -otic a. = having the quality]a. 抗病菌的、抗生的

microbial[micro- = tiny 微小的；bi=life; al a. = of ]a. 微生物的

biochemistry[bio- = life; chemistry n.] n. 生物化學

biochemist n.生物化學家