授權碼模式定義
通過用戶端的背景伺服器,與“服務提供商”的認證伺服器進行認證。
1、使用者通路用戶端,後者将前者導向認證伺服器。
2、使用者選擇是否給予用戶端授權。
3、假設使用者給予授權,認證伺服器首先生成一個授權碼,并傳回給使用者,認證伺服器将使用者導向用戶端事先指定的"重定向URI"(redirection URI),同時附上一個授權碼。
4、用戶端收到授權碼,附上早先的"重定向URI",向認證伺服器申請令牌。這一步是在用戶端的背景的伺服器上完成的,對使用者不可見。
5、認證伺服器核對了授權碼和重定向URI,确認無誤後,向用戶端發送通路令牌(access token)和更新令牌(refresh token)。
6、Client拿着access token去通路Resource資源
授權碼模式的工作流程圖

圖 1 (網上搜到的授權碼工作流程圖說明)
之前看上邊的流程圖,看了不下10遍,還是搞不懂,這個圖真心畫的不好了解!
我們一步步來,AuthorizationServer與ResourceServer還是用之前的項目
建立項目:AuthorizationCodeGrant
HomeController.cs也簡單
public ActionResult Index() { ViewBag.AccessToken = Request.Form["AccessToken"] ?? ""; ViewBag.RefreshToken = Request.Form["RefreshToken"] ?? ""; ViewBag.Action = ""; ViewBag.ResourceResponse = ""; var authorizationServerUri = new Uri("http://localhost:8270/"); var authorizationServer = new AuthorizationServerDescription { AuthorizationEndpoint = new Uri(authorizationServerUri, "OAuth/Authorize"), TokenEndpoint = new Uri(authorizationServerUri, "OAuth/Token") }; // 重新整理AccessToken var client = new WebServerClient(authorizationServer, "123456", "abcdef"); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ViewBag.AccessToken)) { var authorizationState = client.ProcessUserAuthorization(Request); if (authorizationState != null) { ViewBag.AccessToken = authorizationState.AccessToken; ViewBag.RefreshToken = authorizationState.RefreshToken; ViewBag.Action = Request.Path; } } // 授權申請 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnRequestAuthorize"))) { var grantRequest = client.PrepareRequestUserAuthorization(new[] { "scopes1", "scopes2" }); grantRequest.Send(HttpContext); Response.End(); } // 申請資源 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnRequestResource"))) { var resourceServerUri = new Uri("http://localhost:8001/"); var resourceRequest = new HttpClient(client.CreateAuthorizingHandler(ViewBag.AccessToken)); ViewBag.ResourceResponse = resourceRequest.GetStringAsync(new Uri(resourceServerUri, "api/Values")).Result; } return View(); }
Index.cshtml
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Authorization Code Grant Client</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" action="@ViewBag.Action" method="POST"> <div> <input id="AccessToken" name="AccessToken" value="@ViewBag.AccessToken" type="hidden" /> <input id="Authorize" name="btnRequestAuthorize" value="向認證伺服器索要授權" type="submit" /> <input id="Resource" name="btnRequestResource" value="通路資源(Resource)" type="submit" /> </div> <div>@ViewBag.ResourceResponse</div> </form> </body> </html>
運作項目
授權過程
點選“向認證服務索要授權”,根據HomeController.cs檔案的設定,頁面預計會跳轉到"http://localhost:8270/OAuth/Authorize"
是以我們需要在認證服務中新增處理授權碼模式的處理邏輯
在項目AuthorizationServer中新增OAuthController.cs、Authorize.cshtml
public class OAuthController : Controller { public ActionResult Authorize() { if (Response.StatusCode != 200) { return View("AuthorizeError"); } var authentication = HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication; var ticket = authentication.AuthenticateAsync("Application").Result; var identity = ticket != null ? ticket.Identity : null; if (identity == null) { authentication.Challenge("Application"); return new HttpUnauthorizedResult(); //使用者登入憑證失效就報401錯誤,并且跳轉至AccountController中的Login中 } ViewBag.IdentityName = identity.Name; ViewBag.Scopes = (Request.QueryString.Get("scope") ?? "").Split(' '); if (Request.HttpMethod == "POST") { // 點選btnGrant就确認授權,傳回token等資訊 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnGrant"))) { identity = new ClaimsIdentity(identity.Claims, "Bearer", identity.NameClaimType, identity.RoleClaimType); foreach (var scope in ViewBag.Scopes) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim("urn:oauth:scope", scope)); } authentication.SignIn(identity); } if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnOtherLogin"))) { authentication.SignOut("Application"); authentication.Challenge("Application"); return new HttpUnauthorizedResult(); } } return View(); } }
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Authorize</title> </head> <body> <h1>認證頁面</h1> <form method="POST"> <p>登入使用者:@ViewBag.IdentityName</p> <p>第三方應用需要你給他開放以下權限</p> <ul> @foreach (var scope in ViewBag.Scopes) { <li>@scope</li> } </ul> <p> <input type="submit" name="btnGrant" value="确認授權" /> <input type="submit" name="btnOtherLogin" value="以不同使用者登入" /> </p> </form> </body> </html>
public class AccountController : Controller { public ActionResult Login() { var authentication = HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication; if (Request.HttpMethod == "POST") { // 預設使用者登入成功 // 生産環境需要單獨整合第三方登入資訊 var username = Request.Form["username"]; authentication.SignIn( new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true }, new ClaimsIdentity( new[] { new Claim(ClaimsIdentity.DefaultNameClaimType, username) }, "Application")); } return View(); } public ActionResult Logout() { return View(); } }
運作項目,成功跳轉至認證登入頁面
點選登入,此時url位址為:
http://localhost:8270/OAuth/Authorize?client_id=123456&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A4825%2F&state=IUKeWFTR1HKi4hlzKOOPgw&scope=scopes1%20scopes2&response_type=code
7.1 client_id為用戶端ID,即之前我們在AuthorizationCodeGrant項目設定的clientID
7.2 redirect_uri、state為之前登入時就确定的值
7.3 scope為使用者确定授權的範圍
7.4 response_type=code,即指定為授權碼模式
确認授權
此時url有變化:http://localhost:4825/?code=efab38fc30c741a198b20663ec60869a36c6b25ff21f4c9986bcb9c9ae8d20eb&state=tjB9jXhNiHvIr4Ko9VhEkw
注意:這一步會會預設擷取Token
點選通路資源
完全能夠對上;
url中的code即認證服務傳回的授權碼,之後Client請求Token會用這個code來交換
這個就是授權碼模式的特色的地方了
自此,整個授權碼模式已經完畢了哦
asp.net權限認證系列
- asp.net權限認證:Forms認證
- asp.net權限認證:HTTP基本認證(http basic)
- asp.net權限認證:Windows認證
- asp.net權限認證:摘要認證(digest authentication)
- asp.net權限認證:OWIN實作OAuth 2.0 之用戶端模式(Client Credential)
- asp.net權限認證:OWIN實作OAuth 2.0 之密碼模式(Resource Owner Password Credential)
- asp.net權限認證:OWIN實作OAuth 2.0 之授權碼模式(Authorization Code)
- asp.net權限認證:OWIN實作OAuth 2.0 之簡化模式(Implicit)