資料庫備份 恢複

臨時表空間恢複

1.建立臨時表空間

SQL> create temporary tablespace temp123 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp123.dbf' size 20M;

2.更改為預設

SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace temp123;

3.SQL> drop tablespace temp;(删除)

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日志檔案,控制檔案恢複

1.删除2個日志檔案

[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm -rf redo01.log redo03.log 

删除所有控制檔案

[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm -rf *.ctl

2.

SQL> startup force(報錯)

3.

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

    MAXLOGFILES 16

    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

    MAXDATAFILES 100

    MAXINSTANCES 8

    MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

  GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf',

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf',

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf',

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf',

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/aaa.dbf'

CHARACTER SET WE8ISO8859P1

;

4.SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

5.SQL> alter database open;(報錯)

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;(報錯)

SQL> recover database; (報錯)

檢視恢複目錄

SQL> show parameter DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

SQL> recover database using BACKUP CONTROLFILE;

(using backup controlfile.  恢複就不會受“目前controlfile所紀錄的SCN”的限制) 成功

提示中輸入:  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log (目前就一個日志檔案)

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

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部分資料庫恢複

1.SQL> alter tablespace users begin backup;

  [oracle@sq orcl]$ cp users01.dbf /home/oracle/db_bak/

2.SQL> alter tablespace users end backup; 

3.SQL> create table tt as select * from dba_objects;

  SQL> select count(*) from tt;

  SQL> commit;

4.[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm -rf users01.dbf (模拟損壞)

5.SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;

SQL> conn sys/123456 as sysdba

6.SQL> startup force;(報錯 缺少4号檔案)

7.SQL> alter database datafile 4 offline;

  [oracle@sq orcl]$ cp /home/oracle/db_bak/users01.dbf .

8.SQL> recover datafile 4;

SQL> alter database datafile 4 online;

9.SQL> startup force;

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完全資料庫恢複

步驟跟上面一樣

recover database

歸檔模式資料檔案恢複

1.SQL> create tablespace tbs_recover datafile '/oracle/app/oradata/TEST/tbs_recover.dbf' size 10M;

SQL> create table tab_recover tablespace tbs_recover as select * from dba_objects;

SQL> commit;

3.SQL> alter system switch logfile;

SQL> /

4.[oracle@sq123 TEST]$ rm -rf tbs_recover.dbf 

6.SQL> conn sys/123456 as sysdba

  SQL> select * from tab_recover;(報錯)

7.SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;

8.SQL> alter database create datafile '/oracle/app/oradata/TEST/tbs_recover.dbf';

(建立出表空間)

9.SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;(報錯)

SQL> recover datafile 5;

AUTO

10.SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;(成功)

   SQL> select * from tab_recover;(資料回來了)

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不完全資料庫恢複

日志挖掘技術确定誤操作時間與scn

檢視目前時間

alter database begin backup;

cp *.dbf /home/oracle/db_bak

alter database end backup;

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual;  2012-04-24 07:20:34

SQL> drop table tab_recover;

1.日志挖掘技術,确定誤删除表的時間

[oracle@sq123 ~]$ mkdir logminer

存儲目錄

SQL> alter system set utl_file_dir='/home/oracle/logminer' scope=spfile;

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup

2.建立存儲資料字典檔案的檔案

SQL> execute dbms_logmnr_d.build('shwdict.ora','/home/oracle/logminer');

cd /home/oracle/logminer/

SQL> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/oracel/app/oradtaa/TEST/',dbms_logmnr.new);

4.挖掘資料

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr (dictfilename=>'/home/oracle/logminer/shwdict.ora');

5.

SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';

SQL> select SCN,TIMESTAMP,SQL_REDO from v$LOGMNR_CONTENTS where SQL_REDO like '%drop%';

結果:

    716922 2012-03-12 06:12:38

drop table tab_recover AS "BIN$uv7sdpUIi1TgQAB/AQByfw==$0" ;

恢複資料

6.

SQL> shutdown abort;

SQL> startup mount

[oracle@sq123 db_bak]$ cp *.dbf /oracle/app/oradata/TEST/

7.

SQL> recover database until time '2012-04-24 07:20:34';

8.

SQL> select count(*) from tab_recover; (資料恢複出來了)

日志檔案恢複

1.[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm *.log

  SQL> startup force(報錯)

2.SQL> alter database open resetlogs;(報錯)

3.SQL> recover database until cancel;

(執行RECOVER指令，在提示輸入歸檔日志時，應用這些歸檔日志提示輸入歸檔日志序列号時，不輸入這個檔案的名稱或者不接受建議的名稱，而是輸入CANCEL)

(恢複不能成功,因為我們沒有歸檔日志了)

4.添加隐藏參數

SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;

(強制啟動資料庫，設定此參數之後，在資料庫Open過程中，Oracle會跳過某些一緻性檢查，進而使資料庫可能跳過不一緻狀态，Open打開)

5.SQL> startup force

  SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

  (可以啟動,但是剛才沒有同步到硬碟的資料丢失了)

--後續操作

SQL> create pfile from spfile

然後vi pfile檔案 

删除 *._allow_resetlogs_corruption

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

SQL> startup force

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     本文轉自陳繼松 51CTO部落格，原文連結：http://blog.51cto.com/chenjisong/1737391，如需轉載請自行聯系原作者