RMAN 備份

1、RMAN執行脫機-全部-完整備份

RMAN> run {

2> shutdown immediate;

3> startup mount;

4> allocate channel d1 type disk;

5> backup as backupset database format '/oraclebk/offline_full_whole.bak';

6> alter database open;

7> }

2、RMAN腳本

#腳本offline_full_whole.rman内容：

run {

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

allocate channel d1 type disk;

backup as backupset database format '/oraclebk/offline_full_whole_%T_%U.bak';

alter database open;

}

#執行RMAN腳本

su - oracle

rman target / @offline_full_whole.rman

3、RMAN執行線上-全部-完整備份

allocate channel t1 type disk;

backup as compressed backupset filesperset 4 database format '/oraclebk/online_full_whole_%T_%U.bak';

4、增量備份

backup incremental level 0 database;

backup incremental level 1 database;

注：做增量備份的前提，是需要一個基準備份，所有的增量都是針對這個基準來說的。要不然，增量備份無從談起。增量備份使用INCREMENTAL LEVEL=integer關鍵字指定。integer可以是0到4之間的任意整數。必須将0 級備份作為增量政策的基礎備份。0 級增量備份在内容上與完全備份相同，但與完全備份不同的是，0 級備份被看作是增量政策的一部分。如果在運作1 級或更進階别的備份時，0 級備份不存在，RMAN 會自動制作0 級備份。

5、檢視RMAN配置資訊

show all;

6、非歸檔模式下還原資料庫

shutdown abort;

restore database;

alter database open resetlogs;

7、沖刷高速緩沖區

alter system flush buffer_cache;

8、不完整恢複

set until time = "to_date('26-12-17 15:20:00','dd-mm-yy hh24:mi:ss')";

recover database;

9、RMAN恢複報一下錯誤

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 26-DEC-17

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2017_12_26/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20171226T170208_f4440jv1_.bkp

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 12/26/2017 17:03:30

ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2017_12_26/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20171226T170208_f4440jv1_.bkp

ORA-19573: cannot obtain exclusive enqueue for datafile 1

處理方法：

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup mount;

注意：使用RMAN恢複時需要将資料庫啟動到mount狀态

     本文轉自1321385590 51CTO部落格，原文連結：http://blog.51cto.com/linux10000/2054838，如需轉載請自行聯系原作者