sql語句查詢資料庫中的表名/列名/主鍵/自動增長值

----查詢資料庫中使用者建立的表

----jsj01 為資料庫名

select name tablename from jsj01..sysobjects where type='U' and name not in ('dtproperties')

--查詢表裡的字段資訊

exec sp_help  對象名

---docs為表名

---- select * from syscolumns where id = object_id('docs')

----查詢資料庫中所有類型

----select name,xtype from systypes

----兩表聯查，顯示表中所有字段和對應的資料類型

----syscolumns裡字段‘xtype’ 對應 systypes裡的 ‘xusertype’ ,systypes 裡的‘name’字段就是字段的資料類型

----docs 為表名

select a.name as fieldname,b.name as type from

syscolumns as a

join systypes as b

on a.xtype = b.xusertype

where id=object_id('docs')

----docs為資料表名   ： 查詢表字段、類型、說明

select a.name  fieldname,b.name  type,c.value comment from

full join systypes as b

full join ::fn_listextendedproperty(NULL, 'user', 'dbo', 'table', 'docs', 'column', default) as c ----這是2000版本，2005把user改為schema

on a.name=c.objname COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS  -----排序規則（有時不加也可以，如果兩表的排序規則不同，則會報錯）

--join sysproperties c

--on a.id=c.major_id

----查詢表裡的主鍵，沒有主鍵為空，如果是多個組合主鍵就有多個值  pk為主鍵  fk為外鍵

--- jsj01 為資料庫名  docs為表名  fk表示外鍵 

----sql2000

select column_name as primarykey,*  from

[jsj01].INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE

where Table_name='docs' and constraint_name like 'fk_%'

-----sql2005

SELECT @PrimaryKey =  CCU.COLUMN_NAME

FROM     INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS TC

    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE CCU ON TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME

WHERE TC.TABLE_NAME = 'docs' AND TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE='PRIMARY KEY'

--select * from sysobjects WHERE OBJECT_NAME(sysobjects.parent_obj)='docs' --and xtype='pk'

--select * from sysconstraints  where id = object_id('docs')

--select * from syscolumns where id = object_id('docs')

--select * from sysindexes

--select * from sysindexkeys

----查詢表中自動增長的字段，沒有為空，如果有就隻有一個

----docs為表名  -- sql2000

SELECT a.name column_name,b.name  data_type

FROM syscolumns a,systypes b

WHERE a.id=object_id('docs') and a.xtype = b.xusertype

AND a.autoval is not null

-------- sql2005

select

    a.Name

from

    syscolumns a

left join

    sysobjects b on a.iD=b.parent_obj and b.xtype='PK'

where

    a.ID=object_id('docs') and a.status=0x80

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----For mssql2005

SELECT

表名=case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end,

表說明=case when a.colorder=1 then isnull(f.value,'') else '' end,

字段序号=a.colorder,

字段名=a.name,

辨別=case when COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '1' else '' end,

主鍵=case when exists(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects where xtype='PK' and name in(

SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE indid in(

SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = a.id AND colid=a.colid

))) then '1' else '' end,

類型=b.name,

占用位元組數=a.length,

長度=COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION'),

小數位數=isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0),

允許空=case when a.isnullable=1 then '1' else '' end,

預設值=isnull(e.text,''),

字段說明=isnull(g.[value],'')

FROM syscolumns a

left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype

inner join sysobjects d on a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties'

left join syscomments e on a.cdefault=e.id

left join sys.extended_properties g on a.id=g.major_id and a.colid=g.minor_id

left join sys.extended_properties f on d.id=f.major_id and f.minor_id =0

--where d.name='classinfo'         --如果隻查詢指定表,加上此條件  

order by a.id,a.colorder

/*

----For mssql2000

表名=d.name,--case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end,

辨別=case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end,

主鍵=case when exists(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects where xtype='PK' and name in (

   SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = a.id AND colid=a.colid

))) then '√' else '' end,

允許空=case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end,

left join sysproperties g on a.id=g.id and a.colid=g.smallid

*/