They are all doing hybrids, what is the difference?

Chang'an Blue Whale iDD, BYD DM-i, Great Wall Lemon DHT, Geely Lei Divine Intelligence Hi · X, Chery Kunpeng DHT, domestic hybrid platform emerges in an endless stream, behind these characters, is there a difference in the end?

Wen 丨 wisdom driving network Huang Huadan

"Whale Flying", Changan designed an imaginative challenge for its own blue whale iDD hybrid system.

Since the beginning of the Japanese hybrid, the domestic hybrid market has rolled to the extent of white-hot.

In addition to the Chang'an Blue Whale iDD, there are also BYD DM-i, Great Wall Lemon DHT, Geely Lei Divine Intelligence Qi Hi · X, GAC GMC Hybrid, Chery Kunpeng DHT, Dongfeng Mach MHD and so on.

For traditional car companies, they are embarrassed to say that they are transforming without making mixes.

This is of course due, first and foremost, to the boom of the hybrid market. In March 2022, 85,000 plug-in hybrid models were sold in China, up 183.3% year-on-year.

After all, when the development of new energy vehicles is not so perfect, hybrid vehicles can solve a series of problems very well. For example, the range anxiety of pure trams, charging anxiety. Compared with fuel vehicles, the performance of hybrid vehicles in terms of energy consumption, power, smoothness, NVH and other aspects has been surpassed.

Cao Guangping, a consulting expert at the Beijing Branch of the China Academy of Automotive Research, believes that "the current new energy automobile industry is temporarily facing a shortage of battery resources and the rising price of raw materials, so the various hybrid schemes of 'less batteries' will become one of the important choices for the technical route of car companies." Hybrid cars will therefore and have ushered in another 'rising period'. ”

So, so many technologies that each family has come up with, the name is called hybrid, is there actually a difference?

——01——

The P2 route of the Chang'an Blue Whale iDD

First of all, let's look at Chang'an's blue whale iDD hybrid technology.

The challenges that Changan designed for Blue Whale iDD included three projects.

One is that the vehicle starts from a standstill full of oil in front of the upside-down water balloon, and the sharp object on the roof will cut through the water balloon in an instant through the vehicle, such as the water in the balloon is not poured on the body in large quantities, which is a successful challenge. This one tests the responsiveness and dynamic performance of the Blue Whale iDD's start-up.

The second is that the vehicle passes through the rough roads such as cobblestone roads, broken roads, bumpy roads, etc., and challenges the personnel to complete the maze ball challenge in the car. This challenge tests the smoothness of the continuous power output of the Blue Whale iDD and the stability of the body.

The third is to drive the vehicle to challenge the 30% and 40% ramps, testing the low torque output performance of the Blue Whale iDD.

The Chang'an UNI-K iDD, the first Chang'an Blue Whale iDD hybrid system, successfully completed the challenge.

According to Chang'an official information, the Blue Whale iDD adopts the Blue Whale NE1.5T hybrid special engine and the Blue Whale triple-clutch electric drive transmission. The maximum transmission efficiency is 97%, and the system has a total torque of up to 590N·m.

During the climbing process of the vehicle, the two power sources of the motor and the engine and the multi-gear transmission work together to achieve hybrid operation in full gear and ensure strong and sustained low torque output.

The start of the Blue Whale iDD is pure electric start, the peak power of the motor is 85kW, the peak torque is 330N·m, and the peak torque response of the motor in the millisecond level can achieve rapid acceleration in the initial stage.

iDD is the abbreviation of intelligent Dual Drive, Which Changan calls the global intelligent oil-electric dual-drive system, which includes "full speed domain, full field domain, full temperature domain, and full time domain". Its contents include blue whale engines, blue whale electric drive transmissions, high-capacity PHEV batteries and intelligent control systems.

From the perspective of technical route, Blue Whale iDD adopts the P2 route, and Changan's positioning is: global hybrid solution.

Its advantage lies in the "full scene", which has better performance in scenarios such as long-term climbing, high-speed overtaking and maximum speed, and at low power, the power consistency is also very good, and there is no obvious attenuation.

So, what is the P2 route?

(1) P0 motor placed in front of the gearbox, pulley.

(2) The P1 motor is placed in front of the gearbox and connected to the engine crankshaft.

(3) The P2 motor is placed at the input end of the gearbox, between the engine and the gearbox.

(4) The P3 motor is placed at the output end of the gearbox, sharing the same shaft with the engine and the same source output.

(5) The P4 motor is placed behind the gearbox and separated from the output shaft of the engine, generally driving the unpowered wheels.

The P2 route is the technical route with only one P2 motor.

For traditional car companies, the P2 route can be achieved without major changes to the internal combustion engine power system, which is equivalent to only adding a three-electric system.

Its biggest advantage is that it has achieved better power and economic improvement with the smallest cost of transformation. The use of the P2 route can greatly reduce the cost of hybridization. This is also a technical route used more by joint ventures represented by Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, etc.

The biggest problem that needs to be overcome is that when the vehicle is running purely electric, the motor rotates at high speed, and the engine is stationary, if you want to switch to hybrid mode under the high speed difference, how to avoid obvious speed fluctuations at the moment of starting the engine.

In addition, because there is only one motor, it means that the P2 motor must be responsible for both driving and power generation, and its "power preservation" ability is also a major difficulty of the system.

However, Changan said that its intelligent control system broke the traditional MAP rule-based energy management technology in the industry and took the lead in realizing the mass production application of the A-ECMS global dynamic energy management algorithm.

It can ensure that the engine, electric drive transmission and battery work together in the optimal area, and the fuel saving effect of the power state exceeds 40%. At the same time, it can also realize the customization of power attributes, allowing users to intelligently combine driving styles by adjusting power parameters.

——02——

Dual motor DHT route

Horizontal comparison, at present, the more hybrid system solutions used by domestic independent brands are the dual motor "DHT" solution. Including BYD DM-i, Great Wall Lemon DHT, GAC GMC and other platforms.

DHT is an abbreviation for Duplicate Hybrid Transmission, which is a hybrid dedicated gearbox. Its common feature is the use of hybrid special engine, with two same-bridge motors, highly integrated coupling, and its hybrid control software algorithm includes engine independent drive, motor independent drive, engine + motor serial drive, engine + motor parallel drive these 4 types of modes corresponding to different speed ranges and power conditions, can better choose the most suitable for the actual road conditions of the efficient mode.

For example, BYD DM-i adopts P1 and P3 dual motor architecture, and its engine is a self-developed 1.5L/T high-efficiency hybrid special engine. The Great Wall Lemon DHT also adopts self-developed 1.5L/T high-efficiency hybrid special engine, hybrid special transmission, dual motor and electronic control architecture.

The difference is that the BYD DM-i platform currently uses a single-gear transmission route, that is, the engine and motor have only 1 power transmission gear.

The Great Wall Lemon DHT adopts a synchronizer shift structure to achieve 2 transmission gear switching. GAC GMC adopts a planetary gear shift structure, which can realize the shift switching of more than 3 gears.

And the possibility of different gears will naturally bring about differences in power transmission. For example, in the smoothness and reliability of power transmission, the single-gear transmission route is better than the multi-gear transmission route, and the latter's power source coupling mode is more than the former.

In addition, since the MULTI-gear transmission type DHT hybrid system can map a narrow range of specific high-efficiency zones to a wider operating range through gear switching, it has lower requirements on the ENGINE and motor MAP characteristics. In contrast, a single-speed transmission type OFHT hybrid system requires an engine and motor with a wider range of MAP high efficiency zones.

Therefore, in the multi-gear transmission type DHT hybrid system, the development and manufacture of engines and motors is less difficult, and the cost can be lower.

Because the MULTI-gear transmission type DHT hybrid system can map the engine direct drive range to a wider speed range through gear conversion, the proportion of the engine direct drive alone is greater than that of the single-gear transmission type DHT, and the working condition ratio of the engine + motor parallel direct drive will be more.

At the same time, because the power of multi-gear transmission needs to go through the gear shift mechanism, the efficiency loss of the power source is greater than that of the single-gear transmission mechanism, and the possibility of power setback is also high.

As far as the dual-motor DHT solution is concerned, the multi-gear transmission and single-gear transmission routes have their own advantages and disadvantages. Of course, the driving experience of the multi-gear transmission route will be closer to that of a fuel vehicle.

——03——

Models installed on each platform

After looking at the technology, let's go back and look at the performance of models equipped with these platforms.

In terms of models equipped with various hybrid systems, THERE are PHEV and HEV, and the PHEV is mainly used here.

The First Chang'an Blue Whale iDD Hybrid System Chang'an UNI-K iDD has been listed in March, its NEDC pure electric endurance of 130km, comprehensive endurance of 1100km, low power fuel consumption as low as 5L/100km. Accelerates by 8.1s per 100 km/h and has a top speed of 200 km/h.

In addition, the UNI-K iDD can be adapted to an ambient temperature range of minus 35°C to 55°C.

The listing price of Changan UNI-K iDD is 176,900-192,900.

BYD Tang DMi 100 km of power fuel consumption of 5.3L, endurance of up to 1050 km, 100 km acceleration of 8.5s, pure electric endurance of 52-112 km, after comprehensive subsidies price of 19.58-22.28 million.

Wey Mocha DHT-PHEV takes the smart version as a reference, its 100 km feed fuel consumption is 5.55L, pure electric endurance is 204 km under WLTC conditions, comprehensive endurance is 1000 +km, 100 km acceleration is 7.4s, and the price is 295,000 yuan after comprehensive subsidies.

Of course, here is just a few basic parameters.

The first GAC Trumpchi GMC 2.0 hybrid system has been released recently, but the price and parameters have not yet been announced.

——04——

The vitality of the hybrid

At present, in the field of passenger cars, from the aspects of energy consumption, power, smoothness and NVH, hybrid vehicles have been superior to fuel vehicles. But to replace fuel vehicles, the biggest problem is the price. When the cost of hybrid vehicles continues to fall, the market will naturally abandon fuel vehicles.

On the development of pure electric vehicles, Cao Guangping put forward a syllogism of a pure electric vehicle industry, for now, the whole industry of pure electric vehicles, the front industrial chain does not have "low-cost lithium and other battery metals mining and extraction technology", the middle industrial chain does not have "batteries, vehicles, charging capital subsidies and other policies", the latter industrial chain does not have "battery material recovery means that can make money", the entire industrial chain is currently difficult to achieve a virtuous cycle of self-sustainability.

"In addition, because pure electric technology is difficult to fully apply to commercial trucks, etc., the hybrid scheme of large vehicles may coexist with the roadside power supply scheme for a long time and gradually transition." Further, the vehicle energy supply program is also best not to put in a basket, in order to prevent war, typhoons and other power outages, etc., in the military, police, fire, disaster relief, emergency and other fields, pure electric vehicles are unlikely to be fully occupied, and there will still be a certain proportion of fuel vehicles or hybrid vehicles for a long time. Therefore, hybrid models are bound to exist for a long time. ”

At the challenge activity of Changan Blue Whale iDD, Xu Xiangyang, executive deputy director of the National Passenger Car Automatic Transmission Engineering Technology Research Center, also said that the hybrid model still has long-term vitality.

In addition to the plug-in hybrid route mostly used by traditional car companies, and the range-extending route used by new force car companies is actually a kind of hybrid, the domestic hybrid market may have to roll up for a while.

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