□ Xu Zhijie
In September 1939, Gu Jiegang was hired as the director of the Institute of Chinese Studies of Qilu University, and the first priority was to "use his hands and feet" to find people and hire the top masters in the field of Traditional Chinese Studies, and Qian Mu first entered his vision. Born in 1895, Qian Mu, the fourth character binsi, was an inspirational role model for self-taught talent in that era. Later generations commented: "He came from the most grass-roots villages in Chinese society, never went to university in his life, still less did he study abroad, and became a famous master completely by self-study, from rural primary school teachers and middle school teachers to university podiums, becoming university professors, famous professors, and a generation of academic masters."
Qian Mu
Gu Jiegang and Qian Mu met in April and May 1929, when Gu Jiegang left Sun Yat-sen University on leave and returned to Suzhou with his family, where Qian Mu was working as a Chinese language teacher at Suzhou Middle School, lecturing on "Introduction to Chinese Studies". On April 15 of that year, at the invitation of Suzhou Middle School, Gu Jiegang went to give a speech entitled "Several Hopes for Historical Comrades of Suzhou Boys and Girls Middle School", which was the first meeting between the two. At that time, Gu Jiegang's reputation in the field of history was already very large, and it was really surprising that he could give a speech at a middle school. It is estimated that such profound words are difficult for students in Suzhou Middle School to understand, but as Qian Mu, who teaches "Introduction to Chinese Studies", it will be guided and touched, which will enlighten him to continue his historical research in the future. This meeting became the starting point for Qian Mu to go to the ranks of historians. In the summer of that year, Gu Jiegang returned to Suzhou and saw the "Year of the Sons of the Pre-Qin Dynasty" that Qian Mu was writing, and was very optimistic, asked him to write for the "Yanjing Journal", and recommended Qian Mu to teach at Sun Yat-sen University, because the principal of Suzhou Middle School failed to succeed.
In the autumn of 1930, Qian Mu went to Yenching University under the introduction of Gu Jiegang, who gave sufficient care to the new "North Drift" Qian Mu who had just arrived, so that Qian Mu felt that "Yu had no feeling of living in a different place". In the summer of 1931, Qian Mu received an offer of appointment from Peking University and was offered a part-time job at Tsinghua University, Qian Mu believed that this must be Gu Jiegang's agreement, but he did not ask Gu Jiegang about this matter in person, and both of them were sensitive to deeds and words. On July 15, 1937, professors from Peking University gathered and decided to send a telegram to support the War of Resistance, Qian Mu participated, and left Beiping in October of that year to teach at the College of Literature of Changsha Provisional University in Hengzhou Nanyue. After the dissolution of Changsha Temporary University, he entered the College of Literature of Southwest Union University until the summer of 1939, when he received Gu Jiegang's letter of appointment and moved west to the Institute of Chinese Studies of Qilu University in Huaxiba, Chengdu.
Qian Mu's article "Institute of Chinese Studies of Chengdu Qilu University" in the book "Miscellaneous Notes of Teachers and Friends" roughly introduced some of his situation in the Institute of Chinese Studies in Qilu University: In 1939, Qian Mu avoided war in Kunming and was preparing to return to his hometown of Suzhou. Yu Yunjie's covenant. However, if it is planned to return to Suzhou, it must go to Chengdu after autumn, and Jie Gang will also allow it." After Qian Mu returned to Suzhou, due to the poor publication of his work Outline of National History, he could not take up his post at Qi University after the autumn of that year, so he wrote to Gu Jiegang: "Yu Tong letter Jie Gang, please take a year off. Gu Jie just replied to the letter, allowing the salary to be issued, and instructed Yu to start compiling the "Qilu Journal", the first issue of which was published in Shanghai. Yu Nian, received a one-year salary when written separately in return. ”
Although Qian Mu began editing the Qilu Journal in 1939, the first issue was published in January 1941, and readers would see the journal even later. Qian Mu personally wrote the "Publication Speech": "The Institute of Chinese Studies of Qilu University originally had a kind of periodical, called "Compilation of Chinese Studies", which has been published several times for more than ten years. The country is difficult to catch, the school is broadcast in Shuzhong, the research institute is changed, so there is a collection of journals. Two issues are scheduled for the year, and the first issue is hereby launched, and I would like to append short words to readers. The study and discussion of the husband belonged to the business of the ordinary world, but when the soldiers were displaced, and the horses were in a hurry, the academic lifeline did not try to support the hope of continuity. There are many examples of this, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. "The "Publication Words" is full of literary style, and the words are not as profound as Qian Mu's weekday works, and they are smooth and catchy to read. The second issue was published six months later than the previous issue, and the page number increased from 221 pages in the first issue to 254 pages. Is it that when editing this issue, Qian Mu already knew the news that he was going to stop publishing, and added more to digest the articles that came to him? The second issue has a more neat lineup of authors and a richer type of articles, making the Qilu Journal more complete and full. Qi University's academic research and publication of works were extremely popular, which played a role in promoting the study of Sinology at that time.
Gu Jiegang
Qian Mu arrived at the Qida University Institute of Studies in Chengdu in the autumn of 1940, and he recorded: "Qilu University borrowed the campus of West China University in Huaxiba, the southern suburb of Chengdu. The Institute of Traditional Chinese Studies is located in the northern suburbs of Laijiayuan, twenty miles from the city. There are about ten graduate students. There is a bibliophile who avoids air raids and moves books to his home and borrows them for research purposes. There is a pavilion in the garden, surrounded by pond water, and a bridge is opened. The pond is full of lotuses, and the outside of the pool is full of willows. Yu You loves it. When the wind and sun are clear, one person will sit in the pavilion and read. Yu also took a class at Qilu University, went to the city from Lai's homeland, took a chicken bus, and never saw it in his life. Every week, I will wear the whole city of Chengdu from north to south, and stay overnight at school, as is the norm. ”
In June 1941, Gu Jiegang accepted Zhu Jiahua's invitation to Chongqing to edit the Journal of Literature and History, and the internal affairs of the Institute of Chinese Studies were presided over by Qian Mu, and by September of that year, Gu Jiegang officially went to Chongqing to take up his post, and Qian Mu became the director of the Institute of Chinese Studies. At that time, the institute had two research rooms, more than a dozen graduate students, Yan Gengwang, Du Xianjian, Qian Shutang and Qian Mu to study the academic schools and historical geography of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Taking over the work of the Institute of Traditional Chinese Studies, Qian Mu followed the old system and continued Gu Jiegang's research, study, and strategy. The slight difference is that Qian Mu and Gu Jiegang have very different personalities, so the style of the zhishou is very different from Gu Jiegang.
Yan Gengwang, Qian Mu's student and assistant, recalled some scenes at the time and said that the two gentlemen had very different views on fandom. Mr. Gu regards all the personnel as colleagues, usually called Mr. Chinese New Year's Eve eat Chinese New Year's Eve meal, raise a glass to everyone and say: "It has been hard all year, thank you!" Mr. Qian has a completely different attitude, he treats all assistants and secretaries as students, and usually calls his names directly. During the period when Mr. Gu was in charge of the affairs, he stipulated that in the concierge, except on Sundays, there was a person on duty, from himself to the secretary, taking turns on duty. When he was on duty, he took simple stationery and books from 8:00 a.m., sat at the concierge desk to work, and had guests come to pag by himself. Mr. Qian was too lazy to be on duty. These subsections show that there is a big difference in the personality and style of the two gentlemen.
Fang Shiming was a student of Gu Jiegang and Qian Mu, and in the article "Mr. Qian Binsi's Scattered Memories", his impression of the two mentors was that Mr. Qian Mu "had a sense of knowledge and encounter with Mr. Jiegang, got along very well, and when he was at the Institute of Chinese Studies of Qilu University, Mr. Jiegang also relied on him like his left and right hands... Mr. Bin Si is good at words and is good at speech, while Mr. Jie Gang is the opposite, writing more blackboards in class and explaining a little. At that time, I was very young, and the way of learning was only the first glimpse of the barrier, and I was only shocked by the vastness of the two gentlemen. Mr. Bin Si's lectures were quite rural, and when the Shu people first listened, they had a sense of dazedness. After that, I tried to tell my friend Shi Nianhai and felt the same way. Nian HaiShan' people, when listening to speeches at the beginning of the previous year, Mr. Wang mentioned 'Wang Jinweng' many times, Nian Hai was also dazed, I don't know who this is, and later I learned that the so-called 'Wang Jinweng' is actually Wang Jinggong (An Shi), and I was surprised by it. Over time, I gradually learned about Mr. Wang's rural voice, and after a long time, I didn't realize that there was a rural tone in Mr. Mr. Speech, like listening to ordinary Mandarin. When mr. Li lectures, he raises his arms high, is passionate, and laughs between them."
Qian Mu gave a lot of encouragement to young scholars, and as far as the formal work of the institute was concerned, both researchers and assistants chose their own topics and studied freely, but held a lecture every Saturday, and the group took turns to give lectures or make reading reports.
The original intention of the "Responsible Half-Monthly Magazine" was to provide young students of the Institute to practice writing articles, but there were not many students who wrote articles, but many scholars who had become famous submitted articles and published them, because of the economic difficulties in the rear area at that time, there were not many opportunities for scholars to publish papers. After Yan Gengwang came to the institute, Qian Mu asked him to write more articles for the magazine, preferably once a month. Every time an article was published, Qian Mu always said excitedly: "That article was very well written, and if it could be done, the future of "Responsibility for Goodness" would be promising." Yan Gengwang said: "Mr. Taught people to govern, often emphasizing that we should look at the big distance, avoid myopia, or the scale is too small. In lecture meetings, of course, I often remind everyone that these opinions have been repeatedly emphasized in the group of teachers who have gone out for walks, traveled, or had personal small talk with me. On September 28, 1942, many teachers and students hiked to Xindu to enjoy the gui, and on the way that day, Mr. Li talked a lot, and I wrote more than 2,000 words in my diary. For example, Mr. Li said that we readers always aspire to be ambitious and become masters of changing customs and customs, which is the first-class scholar! Staying in one corner and doing it well is only second-rate. Now the average youth is living a life without a plan, and you are interested in studying, you are already superior, but you are not bold enough. After a few days of dinner, Qian Mu chatted with Yan Gengwang outside the gate again, and Mr. Qian said: "Whether a person reads or does things, the scale must be grand and lofty at the beginning, otherwise there will be no great achievements." One's will can dictate everything, and if one comes on a small scale, when this goal is achieved, it will not be domineering. One step has been accomplished, and if you take the second step, you will suffer a great loss. Yan Gengwang remembers most deeply that Qian Mu warned him: "You will inevitably become famous in the future, it is only a matter of time, I hope that after you become famous, you must be able to control yourself and do not lose your center of gravity." If you can bury your head in hard work, it is best to become famous later. ”
Yan Gengwang
Yan Gengwang did not live up to Qian Mu's expectations and encouragement for him, and after following Mr. Qian to study at the Qi Da daXue Research Institute for three years, he entered the Institute of History and Philology of the Academia Sinica under the recommendation of his teacher to follow Fu Sinian and gradually became a historian. What is even more valuable is that the "Three Books of Zhishi", which was deeply influenced by Mr. Qian Mu, is still a bestseller and is an introductory must-read for college history students.
From the autumn of 1939 to the autumn of 1943, Qian Mu only went to Wuhan University in Jiading (present-day Leshan, Sichuan) for half a year in the first half of 1941, and spent the rest of his time doing research and teaching at the Qi Institute of Great Studies and the Department of History. In the autumn of 1943, the Qi University Of Science Research Institute was discontinued for some reason, and Qian Mu led his disciples to switch to West China University. The following year, the Qi Institute of Chinese Studies was rebuilt, and Gu Jiegang was again appointed as the director of the Institute of Traditional Chinese Studies, presiding over the overall work, unfortunately, Gu Jiegang returned to the Institute of Traditional Chinese Studies this time, and did not invite Qian Mu, who was only separated by a wall, to work together. After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Gu Jie had just come to Teach at Fudan University, and Qian Mu returned to Suzhou in 1947, where the two met again, which was the last of his life.