为IP添加别名

2013年3月1日

为ip添加别名

一、查看状态

[root@desktop7 ~]# ifconfig

br0       link encap:ethernet  hwaddr 50:46:5d:71:c2:f1  

          inet addr:192.168.0.7  bcast:192.168.0.255  mask:255.255.255.0

          inet6 addr: fe80::5246:5dff:fe71:c2f1/64 scope:link

          up broadcast running multicast  mtu:1500  metric:1

          rx packets:27002 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:6410 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

          rx bytes:33859254 (32.2 mib)  tx bytes:513684 (501.6 kib)

eth0      link encap:ethernet  hwaddr 50:46:5d:71:c2:f1  

          rx packets:1564063 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:392416 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

          rx bytes:2157659980 (2.0 gib)  tx bytes:26901971 (25.6 mib)

          interrupt:233 base address:0x6000

lo        link encap:local loopback  

          inet addr:127.0.0.1  mask:255.0.0.0

          inet6 addr: ::1/128 scope:host

          up loopback running  mtu:16436  metric:1

          rx packets:33670 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:33670 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:130529766 (124.4 mib)  tx bytes:130529766 (124.4 mib)

virbr0    link encap:ethernet  hwaddr fe:52:00:48:13:31  

          inet addr:192.168.122.1  bcast:192.168.122.255  mask:255.255.255.0

          rx packets:692 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:75 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:76119 (74.3 kib)  tx bytes:11775 (11.4 kib)

vnet0     link encap:ethernet  hwaddr fe:52:00:48:13:31  

          inet6 addr: fe80::fc52:ff:fe48:1331/64 scope:link

          tx packets:13836 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500

          rx bytes:85819 (83.8 kib)  tx bytes:728262 (711.1 kib)

vnet1     link encap:ethernet  hwaddr fe:54:00:00:00:6b  

          inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe00:6b/64 scope:link

          rx packets:258 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:3093 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:26456 (25.8 kib)  tx bytes:483828 (472.4 kib)

vnet2     link encap:ethernet  hwaddr fe:54:00:00:00:cf  

          inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe00:cf/64 scope:link

          rx packets:241 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:3017 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:24669 (24.0 kib)  tx bytes:472463 (461.3 kib)

二、添加别名

1、用ifconfig添加 ip 别名

[root@desktop7 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.2.1 broadcast 192.168.0.7 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

2、设置路由

[root@desktop7 ~]# route add -host 192.168.2.1 dev eth0:1

3、查看设置状况

          rx packets:29549 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:7008 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:36108533 (34.4 mib)  tx bytes:557643 (544.5 kib)

          rx packets:1566606 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:393031 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:2159945517 (2.0 gib)  tx bytes:26949905 (25.7 mib)

eth0:1    link encap:ethernet  hwaddr 50:46:5d:71:c2:f1  

          inet addr:192.168.2.1  bcast:192.168.0.7  mask:255.255.255.0

          rx packets:747 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:81 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:82101 (80.1 kib)  tx bytes:12821 (12.5 kib)

          tx packets:14828 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:92571 (90.4 kib)  tx bytes:780580 (762.2 kib)

          rx packets:260 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:4252 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:26684 (26.0 kib)  tx bytes:855793 (835.7 kib)

          rx packets:243 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:4176 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:24897 (24.3 kib)  tx bytes:844428 (824.6 kib)

三、验证

1、ssh本机虚拟机

[root@desktop7 ~]# ssh 192.168.0.230

the authenticity of host '192.168.0.230 (192.168.0.230)' can't be established.

rsa key fingerprint is fc:3b:67:f0:66:44:a5:2f:84:c4:e0:b6:74:4d:ff:93.

are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

warning: permanently added '192.168.0.230' (rsa) to the list of known hosts.

[email protected]'s password:

last login: fri mar  1 03:15:21 2013

2、查看虚拟机ip

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig

eth0      link encap:ethernet  hwaddr 52:54:00:00:00:6b  

          inet addr:192.168.0.230  bcast:192.168.0.255  mask:255.255.255.0

          inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fe00:6b/64 scope:link

          rx packets:5429 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:450 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:1146759 (1.0 mib)  tx bytes:47530 (46.4 kib)

          rx packets:1580 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          tx packets:1580 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          rx bytes:4868050 (4.6 mib)  tx bytes:4868050 (4.6 mib)

3、ping新ip 192.168.2.1

[root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.2.1

ping 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.63 ms

from 192.168.0.254: icmp_seq=2 redirect host(new nexthop: 192.168.2.1)

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.328 ms

from 192.168.0.254: icmp_seq=3 redirect host(new nexthop: 192.168.2.1)

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.314 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.247 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.256 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.217 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.602 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.216 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.206 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=0.185 ms

--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---

10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 9002ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.185/0.420/1.631/0.419 ms

再ping 192.168.2.1

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.176 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.250 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.211 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.213 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.238 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.173 ms

6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 5000ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.173/0.210/0.250/0.029 ms

[root@localhost ~]#

四、永久生效，配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local

#!/bin/sh

#

# this script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.

# you can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't

# want to do the full sys v style init stuff.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

（增加以下两行内容）

ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.2.1 broadcast 192.168.0.7 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

route add -host 192.168.2.1 dev eth0:1